2022年湖南省邵阳市邓家铺镇中学高二英语期末试题含解析.docx

2022年湖南省邵阳市邓家铺镇中学高二英语期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. The buses, ________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A．most of them                               B．which most                  
C．most of which                             D．that most
参考答案：
C
2. ---Lucy, read this book  I____ that you’ll be fond of it.
---OK. I’ll read it after I have finished my homework.
A. order         B. guarantee   C. prove      D. reveal
参考答案：
B
3. 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出所给单词的正确读音。
1. companion
  A. alone        B. anecdote     C. staff        D. purchase
2. breathe
  A. depth        B. breath      C. through      D. motherland
3. literature
  A. patient       B. draft       C. destination    D. fortune
4. cushion
  A. junior       B. tutor       C. judge         D. pull
5. annoyed
  A. conducted   B. abolished    C. scared        D. barked
参考答案：
BDDDC
4. It would be a good idea to use a plastic bottle, ______ cut off, as a container to grow young plants in.
A. of which the top B. the top is C. the top being D. with its top
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：用一个顶部被剪掉的塑料瓶来盛放幼苗，是个好主意。这里是with复合结构，“顶部”和“减掉”之间是被动关系，用with + 宾语+ 过去分词，故选D。
5. —Michael was late for Mr. Smith's oral class this morning.
    —________? As far as I know, he never came late to class.
   A. How come     B. So what       C. Why not      D. What for
参考答案：
a
略
6. Many Chinese universities provide scholarship for students        financial help.
A．in search of      B．in memory      C．in face of        D．in need of
参考答案：
D
7. Whether a person wants to prepare for employment or _____ additional skills to be more competitive, higher education is the key route to achieving these goals.
A. acquire    B. assist   C. recycle   D. win
参考答案：
A
8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _________ shares her interests.
       A. anyone                     B. whomever                C. whoever            D. no matter who
参考答案：
C
略
9. It’s really difficult to ______ what he is trying to express.
   A. leave out                    B. break out                  C. put out                            D. make out
参考答案：
D
略
10. I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I    into great trouble yesterday.
A. had got B. got C. would have got D. would get
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我特别感谢你，要不是你及时的提醒，我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，根据but for sth, 主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟)；but for sth, 主句+would(not) + have done（表示对过去的虚拟）。根据主句中yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟，故选C。
11. Many of the letters to the editor expressed the belief ______ the boy was innocent and he should be set free .
A. what       B. whether         C. who        D. that
参考答案：
D
12. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ____ in the past years.
A. discovered                     B. have discovered  
C. had been discovered              D. have been discovered
参考答案：
D
13. They want to make _______ clear to the public that they are doing an important and
necessary job.
  A. this            B. that             C. it              D. what
参考答案：
C
略
14. — Hello, may I have an appointment with the doctor?
   — ___.
A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment.
B. Why didn’t you call earlier?
C. Certainly. May I know your name?
D. Sorry，he doesn’t want to see you.
参考答案：
C
15. If you _________ yourself to doing research, you will find the solution to the problem immediately.
 A. absorb                    B. bury                 C. apply                      D. engage
参考答案：
C
16. My parents check our package carefully to make sure we don’t       anything we will need on the trip.
   A. leave off B. leave out C. leave about D. leave for
参考答案：
B
17. —— Have you found the bike you lost yesterday?
    —— Yes, I've found ________ already.
A．it            B．that         C．the one         D．that one
参考答案：
A
略
18. Another drug that has helped improve people’s health is penicillin, _________ is _________ by many _________ one of the most important medicines.
A. which, considered, being      B. that, considering, been
C. that, to consider, being        D. which, considered, to be
参考答案：
D
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师买求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Mike,
I’m so glad to learn that you're coming to Beijing to studying Chinese. I have got too much information about foreigners learning Chinese. Here I’d like to recommend you famous language school—Red Star Language School. It happens to have such a Chinese trained course that will satisfy you demands. It starts in Jan.20th and lasts a month till Feb.19th. It was intended for beginners like you. Instead, the tuition is reasonable. It cost only RMB 2,000 (about $240).
If you have any more questions, and please let me know or just send an email to helpredstar.org.
Hope to see you in Beijing soon.
Yours,
Zhang Wei
参考答案：

在信中作者向外国朋友介绍了北京一个专门学汉语的学校Red Star Language School的详细情况。
1.考查动词不定式。此处表示来北京的目的是学汉语，用不定式表目的。即to+动词原形，故studying →study.
2.考查动词时态。此处指我有关于外国人学汉语的信息，表示客观事实用一般现在时，不用现在完成时。故去掉got.
3.考查冠词。句中school是可数名词单数，此处指一所语言学校，用冠词a表示“一个”,故famous前加a.
4.考查非谓语动词。trained指训练过的，表示动作已完成。此处指正在培训的，表示动作进行用-ing形式，故trained →training.
5.考查代词。此处修饰名词demands用形容词性物主代词，指你的需求。故you → your.
6.考查介词。在具体的某一天，介词用on.故in→on.
7.考查动词时态。此处表示客观事实，与上下句时态一致也用一般现在时，故was →is.
8.考查副词。句意：这里的课程是面向像你这样的初学者的，此外学费也合理。前后句是递进关系不是转折，故Instead →Besides/Furthermore/ Plus.
9.考查时态和主谓一致。此处是客观事实用一般现在时，和主语it一致，动词用第三人称单数形式，故cost →costs.
10.考查复合句。此处是复合句，包含if引导的条件状语从句，不是并列句。故去掉and.
20. Though lacking of trust, we managed to complete the project together. 
参考答案：
of去掉/of—in
三、 阅读理解
21. April 23 marks the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare’s death. Organizations in Britain have planned numerous events to honor him.
In Stratford-upon-Avon, his birthplace, the tourism organization has a great number of free events, including performances of Shakespeare’s plays, and a dazzling fireworks display. And the BBC is broadcasting a live show from Stratfore-upon-Avon, celebrating Shakespeare’s widespread influence on the world. In England’s capital, the London Shakespeare Centre is holding a series of public performances, exhibitions and activities. It isn’t just England that honors the anniversary of the death of this extraordinary writer. In Washington, D.C., the Folger Shakespeare Library, which houses the world’s largest collection of documents relating to William Shakespeare, is displaying a series of exhibitions.
Shakespeare is probably one of the most famous authors and is considered a genius. He wrote around 37 plays and 154 sonnets(十四行诗), and his work has been translated into over one hundred languages! He penned beautiful metaphors(暗喻), serious dramas and amusing tales.
Shakespeare also invented many new terms and phrases. If someone’s behavior suggested they were not being honest and should not be trusted, Shakespeare called their actions suspicious. If someone was being silly and perhaps looking like a fool, Shakespeare found their actions laughable. And Shakespeare called people who offered their opinions on the quality of something critics. Today, for instance, food critics and film critics give audiences their opinions of foods and films. The familiar phrase “break the ice” comes from Shakespeare’s play The Taming of the Shrew. “The ice is broken” when a difficult conversation or meeting is calmed by some basic introduction, such as a simple game. More common words coined by Shakespeare include road, gossip, lonely, bump and hurry.
Four hundred years after his death, Shakespeare surely lives on，in everyday speech, as the most famous writer of all time!
4. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death
B. the influence Shakespeare has on written English
C. the friends of William Shakespeare
D. Shakespeare’s color1 ful and fruitful life
5. Shakespeare is honored in the following ways except ______.
A. a great number of free events in Stratford-upon-Avon
B. a series of activities in the London Shakespeare Centre
C. a series of exhibitions in the Folger Shakespeare Library
D. a live show of Shakespeare in Washington, D.C.
6. According to the text, a simple game to make a difficult conversation easy is called ______.
A. an ice-breaker    B. a suspicious man
C. a critic    D. a laughable man
参考答案：
4. A    5. D    6. A
本文主要讲述的是在威廉·莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日这一天，英国组织的一些纪念活动，比如在埃文河畔斯特拉福德有大量的免费活动，伦敦莎士比亚中心举行了一系列的公共表演、展览和活动，在福尔杰莎士比亚图书馆举行了一系列展览等以及对莎士比亚的术语短语的简单介绍。
4. 主旨大意题。快速浏览文章可知，本文主要讲述的是在威廉·莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日这一天，英国组织的一些纪念活动以及对莎士比亚文学的简单介绍。文章第一段“April 23 marks the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare’s death. Organizations in Britain have planned numerous events to honor him.”也直接点明了主题。故选A。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In Stratford-upon-Avon, his birthplace, the tourism organization has a great number of free events”可知，在埃文河畔斯特拉福德有大量的免费活动。A项正确。文章第二段“In England’s capital, the London Shakespeare Centre is holding a series of public performances, exhibitions and activities”可知，伦敦莎士比亚中心举行了一系列的公共表演、展览和活动。B项正确。文章第二段“In Washington, D.C., the Folger Shakespeare Library, which houses the world’s largest collection of documents relating to William Shakespeare, is displaying a series of exhibitions.”可知，在福尔杰莎士比亚图书馆举行了一系列展览。C项正确。D项文章没有提及。故选D。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““The ice is broken” when a difficult conversation or meeting is calmed by some basic introduction, such as a simple game.”可知，当一个艰难的对话或会议被一些基本的介绍所平静时，“冰被打破了”。比如一个简单的游戏。结合题干，故选A。
【名师点睛】
细节理解题可以用先题后文的方法做题，即先读问题，然后带着问题读文章。这种方法的优点是目的明确，在阅读时有所侧重，能节省时间。且做阅读理解时，尝试在原文中划出答案出处，这能帮助我们在阅读时以文章为依据，而不凭空猜想。题干一定要读清楚。例如本篇文章第2小题。题干中“Shakespeare is honored in the following ways except”问莎士比亚是通过以下方式被纪念，除了？关键词“except”，因此可知，是要找文章没有提及的。阅读时可在文章中找到相应的句子，利用排除法可知，D项“a live show of Shakespeare in Washington, D.C”没有提及。故选D。
22. Photography was once an expensive, laborious experience reserved for life's greatest milestones（里程碑）. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.
But is there another cost, a deeper cost, a deeper cost, to documenting（记录）a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.
Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less.
"What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged（参与）in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more." Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.
Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not.
"People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too. To the relief of Instagrammers everywhere, it can even make meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.
Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."
43. What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?
A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.
B. It was a luxury（奢侈）that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.
C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.
D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.
44. Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out  .
A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takers
B. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeing
C. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiences
D. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing
45. What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?
A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.
B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.
C. They have a better view of what are on display.
D. They follow the historical events more easily.
46. What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.
B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots（快照）.
C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.
D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.
参考答案：
43. A    44. D    45. B    46. D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章通过Kristin Diehl进行了一系列关于拍照的实验发现：拍照实际上让人们更喜欢他们正在做的事情，而不是更少。同时有人指出，拍照能吸引注意力，这能提高从所看的东西中获得的愉悦感。并且即使是拍照的想法也能产生积极的影响。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Photography was once an expensive, laborious experience reserved for life's greatest milestones.（摄影曾经是一种昂贵而费力的经历，只有在人生最重要的时刻才会用到。）可知作者提到过去的摄影对于记录生活中的重大事件是一项艰苦的工作。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less.（发表在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的研究结果让他们大吃一惊。拍照实际上让人们更喜欢他们正在做的事情，而不是更少。）可推知Kristin Diehl进行了一系列关于拍照的实验，是为了查明拍照是否会妨碍人们享受他们正在做的事情。故选D。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。第四段最后一句The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.（拍照的人比不拍照的人更享受这种体验，并表示他们比不拍照的人更投入。）可知借助眼球追踪眼镜，我们可以发现博物馆参观者在拍照时更注重展品。故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect.（不,他们发现;仅仅是计划拍照的行为——实际上并没有拍照——就有同样的快乐促进作用。）可知即使是拍照的想法也能产生积极的影响。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：
细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细