1、广西医科大学学报JOURNAL OF GUANGXI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY2023Jul.40(7)FoxM1对人宫颈癌顺铂耐药株Hela/DDP增殖、侵袭、凋亡的影响及其机制研究*章霞1,张秀峰2,吴顺红1,陈峪3,江红4(1.武汉市第八医院妇产科,武汉420010;2.武汉方泰医院内科,武汉430012;3.武汉市妇幼保健院妇产科,武汉430070;4.湖北文理学院附属医院襄阳市中心医院妇产科,襄阳441021)摘要目的:探讨叉头框转录因子M1(FoxM1)对人宫颈癌顺铂耐药株Hela/DDP增殖、侵袭、凋亡的影响及其机制。方法:将Hela/DDP细胞分为空白组(常规培养,
2、不予任何处理)、正常对照(NC)组(转染空白干扰质粒)、低表达组和过表达组。低表达组转染siRNA-FoxM1下调Hela/DDP细胞中FoxM1表达,过表达组转染pcDNA3.1-FoxM1上调Hela/DDP细胞中FoxM1表达。采用RT-qPCR法检测FoxM1 mRNA表达水平,CCK-8检测细胞活力,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Transwell小室检测细胞侵袭能力。结果:FoxM1 mRNA在Hela细胞中的表达水平低于Hela/DDP细胞(P0.05)。空白组与NC组中FoxM1 mRNA、增殖率、凋亡率、侵袭细胞数及HSP70、S100A9蛋白表达水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0
3、.05)。与空白组比较,低表达组细胞活力和侵袭能力及FoxM1 mRNA、HSP70蛋白表达水平降低,凋亡率和S100A9蛋白表达水平升高(P0.05),与空白组比较,过表达组细胞活力和侵袭能力及FoxM1 mRNA、HSP70蛋白表达水平升高,凋亡率和S100A9蛋白表达水平降低(P0.05)。与低表达组比较,过表达组细胞活力和侵袭能力及FoxM1 mRNA、HSP70蛋白表达水平升高,凋亡率和S100A9蛋白表达水平降低(P0.05)。结论:下调FoxM1表达可抑制HSP70表达,促进S100A9表达,调控宫颈癌细胞恶性行为,从而提高宫颈癌顺铂耐药细胞株对顺铂化疗的敏感性。关键词叉头框转录
4、因子M1;人宫颈癌细胞株Hela/DDP;顺铂化疗敏感性中图分类号:R737.33文献标志码:A文章编号:1005-930X(2023)07-1101-06DOI:10.16190/ki.45-1211/r.2023.07.004Effect of FoxM1 on proliferation,invasion,and apoptosis of cisplatin resistant human cervical cancer cell line Hela/DDP and its mechanismZhang Xia1,Zhang Xiufeng2,Wu Shunhong1,Chen Yu3,
5、Jiang Hong4.(1.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecolo-gy,The Eighth Hospital of Wuhan,Wuhan 420010,China;2.Department of Internal Medicine,Wuhan FangtaiHospital,Wuhan 430012,China;3.Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Wuhan 430070,China;4.TheAffiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Sc
6、iences,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Xiang-yang Central Hospital,Xiangyang 441021,China)AbstractObjective:To investigate the effect of forkhead box M1(FoxM1)on proliferation,invasion,andapoptosis of cisplatin resistant human cervical cancer strain Hela/DDP and its mechanism.Methods:Hela/DD
7、Pcells were divided into blank group(conventional culture without any treatment),normal control(NC)group(transfection with blank plasmid),low-expression group,and overexpression group.The low-expression grouptransfected with siRNA-FoxM1 to downregulate the expression of FoxM1 in Hela/DDP cells,while
8、 the overex-pression group cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-FoxM1 to upregulate the expression of FoxM1 in Hela/DDPcells.The expression level of FoxM1 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerasechain reaction(RT-qPCR).The cell viability was detected by CCK-8.Apoptosis was dete
9、cted by flow cytometry,and invasive ability of cells was detected by Transwell.Results:The expression level of FoxM1 mRNA in Helacells was lower than that in Hela/DDP cells(P0.05).There was no significant difference in FoxM1 mRNA,pro-liferation rate,apoptosis rate,the number of invasivecells,and the
10、 expression levels of HSP70 andS100A9 proteins between the blank group and the NC*基金项目:湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(No.WJ2019BQ007)通信作者,E-mail:jiwci09&收稿日期:2022-09-29 1101广西医科大学学报2023 Jul.40(7)group(P0.05).Compared with the blank group,the cell viability and invasive ability as well as the expressionlevels of FoxM
11、1 mRNA and HSP70 protein in the low-expression group decreased,while the apoptosis rate andS100A9 protein expression level increased(P0.05).Compared with the blank group,the cell viability and inva-sive ability as well as the expression levels of FoxM1 mRNA and HSP70 protein in the overexpression gr
12、oup in-creased,while the apoptosis rate and S100A9 protein expression level decreased(P0.05).Compared with thelow-expression group,the cell viability,invasion ability,and expression levels of FoxM1 mRNA and HSP70 pro-tein elevated in the overexpression group,while the apoptosis rate and S100A9 prote
13、in expression level reduced(P0.05).Conclusion:Down-regulating the mRNA level of FoxM1 can inhibit the expression of HSP70,pro-mote the expression of S100A9,and regulate the malignant behavior of cervical cancer cells,thereby improvingthe sensitivity of cervical cancer cell lines resistant to cisplat
14、in chemotherapy.Keywordsforkhead box M1;human cervical cancer cell line Hela/DDP;cisplatin chemotherapy sensitivity宫颈癌主要发生在女性子宫颈内,人乳头瘤病毒是宫颈癌产生的最主要的危险因素1。早期宫颈癌患者无明显临床症状,随着疾病进展会出现阴道异常流血等,并向周围组织侵袭;晚期患者会出现严重消瘦、大小便困难、阴道大量出血等现象,严重威胁患者的生命安全2。宫颈癌的治疗一般采用化疗,但化疗会产生耐药性,影响治疗效果,患者预后不佳。早期诊断困难、复发、耐药等是宫颈癌的现状,也是临床亟待解
15、决的难题。探究宫颈癌发病的分子机制,寻找可靠的生物学标志物,并研发出高效的靶向治疗药物,将极大地提高宫颈癌的治疗效果,有助于判断疾病预后。叉头框转录因子M1(forkhead box,FoxM1)对多种细胞周期依赖性基因的表达有调控作用。FoxM1参与细胞的有丝分裂过程,其异常表达可延迟有丝分裂过程,影响肿瘤细胞增殖。研究显示,FoxM1在多种类型肿瘤中呈高表达,促进肿瘤恶性发展,且在肿瘤化疗耐药中扮演重要角色3-5。另有报道显示,FoxM1 在耐药骨肉瘤细胞中的表达升高,骨肉瘤组织中FoxM1表达高的患者生存率较低6。本研究通过RNA干扰技术(si FoxM1)下调宫颈癌顺铂耐药细胞株Hel
16、a/DDP中FoxM1表达,以观察FoxM1表达对Hela/DDP增殖、侵袭和凋亡的影响。1材料与方法1.1细胞和主要试剂人宫颈癌细胞株Hela、人宫颈癌顺铂耐药细胞株Hela/DDP均购自广西弗尔博生物公司。CCK-8 溶液(南京固与生物公司);FoxM1引物由上海抚生实业公司合成;结晶紫溶液(南京生航生物公司);HSP70、S100A9抗体(上海信裕生物有限公司);辣根过氧化物酶二抗(上海合星生物科技有限公司);TaqMan Micro RNA反转录试剂盒(美国ABI公司)。1.2细胞培养、转染与分组Hela、Hela/DDP细胞用含有10%胎牛血清、1105U/L青霉素、0.1 g/L链
17、霉素的RPMI 1640培养液,置于37、5%CO2细胞培养箱中培养。细胞汇合度为80%90%时进行胰酶消化,传代,取第4代细胞进行实验。将Hela/DDP细胞分为空白组(常规培养、不予任何处理)、正常对照(NC)组(转染空白干扰质粒)、低表达组和过表达组。低表达组转染 siRNA-FoxM1下调Hela/DDP细胞中FoxM1表达7,siRNA-FoxM1 质粒购自上海英拜生物科技有限公司,FOXM1-siRNA 上游序列为5-GCUGGGAUCAA-GAUUAUUATT-3,下游序列为 5-UAAUAAUC-UUGAUC-CCAGCTT-3;取对数生长期Hela/DDP细胞,接种于6孔板中
18、(每孔20104个),24 h后按阳离子转染试剂 siRNA-Mate(北京百奥莱博科技有限公司)说明将 100 nmol/L FOXM1-siRNA 和 RPMI1640培养液加入细胞进行转染,48 h后收集细胞用于后续实验。过表达组转染 FoxM1 高表达质粒(pcDNA3.1-FoxM1)上调 Hela/DDP 细胞中 FoxM1表达8,pcDNA3.1-FoxM1购自武汉维克赛思科技有限公司,pcDNA3.1-FoxM1 上游序列为 5-CA-GATATACGTTGACGATTA-3,下游序列为5-AT-TGACGTCAACGGTTATTT-3;根据Effectene转染试剂(上海力敏
19、实业有限公司)将 0.4 g 的 pcD-NA3.1-FoxM1转染至Hela/DDP细胞中,将细胞置于培养箱中常规培养,48 h后收集细胞用于后续实验。1.3实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法检测FoxM1 1102mRNA表达取Hela、Hela/DDP细胞,Trizol法提取总 RNA,反转录合成cDNA,行PCR扩增。PCR反应条件:94 预变性4 min;94 变性30 s,60 退火1 min,72 延伸30 s,共40个循环。以GAPDH为内参,用2-CT法计算FoxM1 mRNA相对表达水平。引物序列如下:FoxM1 上游:5-CCGCTCGA-GGGACTGTTCTGCT
20、CCTCATAG-3,下游:5-AT-TAAGAATGCGGCCGCTGGCAGTCTCTGGATAA-TGATC-3;GA-PDH上游:5-CTCGCTTCGGCAG-CACATATACT-3,下游:5-ACGCTTCACGAATT-TGCGTGTC-3。1.4CCK-8法检测细胞活力于96孔板中接种各组Hela/DDP细胞,常规培养,待细胞生长至60%汇合度时,加入10 L的CCK-8溶液,继续培养2 h,用酶标仪检测450 nm波长处各孔的吸光度(OD)值。实验重复3次。1.5流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡取各组Hela/DDP细胞,0.25%蛋白酶消化,接种到培养基中,24 h后收集细胞,PB
21、S清洗,100 L接种于5 mL流式试管中,5 L IFITC Annexin与5 L PI 混合后染色,避光下孵育15 min后注入400 L结合缓冲液混匀,PBS清洗,流式细胞仪分析。1.6Transwell小室检测细胞侵袭能力各组Hela/DDP细胞接种于6孔板中,将50 mg/L的基质胶稀释后加入小室上层,37 下呈凝胶状态,细胞数目为110个/mL,将细胞悬液加入 Transwell小室的上层,下层中加入含 30%FBS 的高糖 DMEM 培养液800 L。常规培养2 d,取出培养基,PBS清洗,擦去上层细胞,现配结晶紫,每孔500 L,将Transwll小室放入25 染色30 mi
22、n,PBS清洗1次。显微镜下观察,每个样本连续选5个清晰视野,记录侵袭细胞数量。1.7Western blotting法检测HSP70、S100A9蛋白表达提取 Hela/DDP 细胞,BCA 法测定蛋白浓度,SDS-PAGE 电泳分离蛋白,转膜,bsa 封闭液封闭1.5 h,加入一抗HSP70、S100A9(均1500)4 孵育过夜;洗膜,加入辣根过氧化物酶二抗(12 000)室温下孵育90 min,洗膜,ECL曝光显影,Image J软件分析蛋白条带灰度值。以目的蛋白条带灰度值与内参GAPDH条带灰度值的比值作为目的蛋白相对表达量。1.8统计学方法采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行数据处理
23、。计量资料以均数标准差(x s)表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较采用LSD-t检验,以P0.05为差异有统计学意义。2结果2.1各组Hela/DDP细胞活力比较空白组与NC组不同时间细胞活力比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);低表达组24 h、36 h、48 h、72 h细胞活力低于空白组和 NC 组(P0.05),过表达组 24 h、36 h、48 h、72 h细胞活力高于低表达组(P0.05),见图1。与空白组比较,*P0.05;与NC组比较,#P0.05;与低表达组比较,&P0.05。图1各组Hela/DDP细胞活力比较2.2各组FoxM1 mRNA表达、细胞侵袭能力及
24、细胞凋亡率比较Hela/DDP细胞FoxM1 mRNA表达水平(1.570.16)高于 Hela 细胞(1.020.03)(P0.05)。空 白 组 与 NC 组 Hela/DDP 细 胞 FoxM1mRNA表达水平、侵袭细胞数和细胞凋亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05);低表达组Hela/DDP细胞FoxM1 mRNA表达水平、侵袭细胞数低于空白组和NC组,细胞凋亡率高于空白组和NC组(P0.05);过表达组Hela/DDP细胞FoxM1 mRNA表达水平、侵袭细胞数高于低表达组,细胞凋亡率低于低表达组(P0.05),见表1、图2、图3。表1各组FoxM1 mRNA表达、细胞侵袭能力
25、及细胞凋亡率比较x s,n=6组别空白组NC组低表达组过表达组FPFoxM1 mRNA1.030.021.050.010.540.03*#1.640.17*#&160.4000.001侵袭细胞数/个69.247.3167.526.8912.472.26*#85.378.63*#&134.6000.001细胞凋亡率/%5.140.345.020.4118.262.13*#2.140.15*#&257.9000.001与空白组比较,*P0.05;与NC组比较,#P0.05;与低表达组比较,&P0.05。章霞,等.FoxM1对人宫颈癌顺铂耐药株Hela/DDP增殖、侵袭、凋亡的影响及其机制研究 11
26、03广西医科大学学报2023 Jul.40(7)2.3各组Hela/DDP细胞HSP70、S100A9蛋白表达比较空白组与 NC 组 Hela/DDP 细胞中 HSP70、S100A9蛋白表达水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05);与NC组比较,低表达组Hela/DDP细胞HSP70蛋白表达水平降低,S100A9蛋白表达水平升高(P0.05);与NC组比较,过表达组HSP70蛋白表达水平升高,S100A9 蛋白表达水平降低(P0.05);与低表达组比较,过表达组Hela/DDP细胞中HSP70蛋白表达水平升高,S100A9蛋白表达水平降低(P0.05),见表2、图4。表2各组Hela/D
27、DP细胞HSP70、S100A9蛋白表达比较x s,n=6组别空白组NC组低表达组过表达组FPHSP703.520.373.490.411.260.18*#4.050.52*#&60.7400.001S100A91.050.071.030.102.680.24*#0.640.08*#&250.0000.001与空白组比较,*P0.05;与NC组比较,#P0.05;与低表达组比较,&P0.05。图4Western blotting蛋白条带图3讨论FoxM1对细胞增殖、分化、死亡以及 DNA 损伤修复等具有重要作用,在多种肿瘤细胞中异常高表达,并与肿瘤进展呈正相关9-11。本研究结果显示,FoxM
28、1在宫颈癌细胞中的表达水平低于宫颈癌顺铂耐药细胞株,表明FoxM1表达与宫颈癌发生、发展密切相关,提示FoxM1可作为宫颈癌治疗的靶向标点之一。王梦漪等12提出,宫颈癌组织中FoxM1异常高表达,与FIGO分期、肿瘤分化程度及浸润深度有关。朱霞等13发现,FoxM1在骨肉瘤细胞中的表达低于在骨肉瘤顺铂耐药细胞株中的表达,并可提高骨肉瘤顺铂耐药细胞株的化疗敏感性。本研究用RNA干扰技术对Hela/DDP中FoxM1基因进行靶向干扰,发现转染FoxM1-siRNA后,Hela/DDP中FoxM1 mRNA表达水平降低,提示转染成功。陈静等14研究提出,降低 FoxM1水平可提高骨肉瘤顺铂耐药细胞株
29、的顺铂耐药性。研究表明,肝癌大鼠FoxM1高表达可促进肝癌细胞侵袭、转移15;miR-876-5p通过降低FoxM1表达抑制胶质瘤的进展16。此外,FIGO 分期越高,FoxM1 表 达 水 平 越 高17。本 研 究 发 现,转 染FoxM1-siRNA后,Hela/DDP增殖能力降低。另外,FoxM1还可降解细胞外基质,增强肿瘤细胞侵袭能力18-19。研究表明,FoxM1可通过JUK1途径介导肿瘤细胞内基质金属蛋白酶表达20-21。本研究结果显示,在转染FoxM1-siRNA后,Hela/DDP中FoxM1水图3各组Hela/DDP细胞凋亡情况图2各组Hela/DDP细胞侵袭情况(200)
30、1104平明显降低,且细胞侵袭能力降低,提示FoxM1基因对宫颈癌细胞远端转移具有重要影响。邓曼丹22研究表明,宫颈癌细胞中低表达的FoxM1可抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭。S100A9 与 HSP70 是宫颈癌化疗敏感蛋白,S100A9可通过多种机制诱导细胞凋亡。在宫颈癌不同放疗敏感组织中,S100A9表达越强,放、化疗敏感性越高23。HSP70在多种肿瘤中高表达,与抑癌基因或癌基因相互作用,发挥细胞增殖调节作用。研究证实,降低HSP70表达可增强Hela/DDP敏感性24。另有研究表明,降低FoxM1表达后,通过抑制癌细胞活性和侵袭能力并促进凋亡,从而提高喉癌细胞对顺铂的敏感性25。本研究结果
31、显示,FoxM1低表达组HSP70表达水平降低,S100A9表达水平升高,提示FoxM1可抑制HSP70表达并促进S100A9表达,改善宫颈癌抵抗细胞化疗敏感性。综上所述,下调FoxM1基因表达可抑制HSP70表达,促进 S100A9 表达,调控宫颈癌细胞恶性行为,从而提高宫颈癌顺铂耐药细胞株对顺铂化疗的敏感性。参考文献:1ZHANG J,LIU H L,LIU J B,et al.LncRNA AL592284.1facilitates proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancercells via miR-30a-5p/Vimentin/E
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