2021高考英语一轮课外精炼题(5)答案-(通用版).docx

2021高考英语一轮课外精炼题（5）答案 （通用版）I. 完形填空I had traveled halfway around the world to see himmy father. I was 7 years old when I last saw him. Nearly 15 years later, I1in the courtyard of his home in Armenia. My brother remembered2our father lived. It was the3gray, decaying building my parents lived in after they4. You could say that I had come home. But that wasnt how I5. I have few6of my father. I remember us dancing together and him giving me my first doll. I also remember him7and he liked to leave. Sometimes he would be8for months at a time, and then unexpectedly he would be back. Until, one day, it was our9to leave. My mother woke me up and told me to10my belongings. I remember her grasping my hand as we made our11to the airport in Moscow. She said we were going on a trip. The next day, we12at our new home, California. We13ever spoke of my father. I had no14of him, and over time forgot what he looked like. When I asked my mother about him, she would look at me, 15: “Forget him. Hes gone, ”shed say. I felt robbed of a relationship with a16, and somehow I wanted to17the lost years. For nearly a year, I lived with him. Often, my father sat across the table from me, 18me stories as if we were old friends. Now slowly I am piecing together a picture of a19stranger. In some ways, he is no less absent to me than when I was a20. But now I have a glimpse of a man who should have been my father. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。小时候父亲经常离家出走, 作者七岁时最终和母亲一起离开了父亲, 直到15年后才再次见到他并和他在一起待了将近一年, 但父亲在作者心目中的印象照旧是生疏的生疏人。1. A. debatedB. stoodC. answeredD. awoke【解析】选B。前后照应题。依据上下文可知, 作者多年后回到原来的家。将近十五年后, 我又站在了父亲的院子里。2. A. whyB. howC. whereD. when【解析】选C。前后照应题。依据后面的句子可知, 我哥哥还记得父亲住的地方。3. A. sameB. officialC. legalD. different【解析】选A。规律推理题。依据语境可知, 父亲还住在原来的房子里。照旧是那栋灰色破旧的建筑。4. A. separatedB. marriedC. changedD. quarreled【解析】选B。规律推理题。父母婚后就住在那栋建筑里。5. A. tastedB. smeltC. soundedD. felt【解析】选D。规律推理题。依据You could say that I had come home. 及But可推断出, 作者并没有这种感觉。你可以说我回家了, 但我却没有这种感觉。6. A. memoriesB. decisionsC. doubtsD. honors【解析】选A。前后照应题。依据后面的内容可知这是本段的主题句, 我对父亲的记忆不多。7. A. jokingB. singingC. paintingD. leaving【解析】选D。前后照应题。依据后面的and he liked to leave及下文的描述可知, 我还记得他离开家时的情形, 他宠爱离家出走。8. A. determinedB. concernedC. goneD. devoted【解析】选C。规律推理题。有时候他会一走就是几个月, 然后不期而归。9. A. dutyB. businessC. honorD. turn【解析】选D。规律推理题。父亲经常离开家, 直到有一天, 轮到我们离开了。10. A. buyB. packC. transportD. view【解析】选B。规律推理题。由于我们要离开了, 所以要整理行李打包。11. A. wayB. lifeC. dayD. mind【解析】选A。固定搭配题。依据后面的to the airport可知, 要用make ones way to前往。我记得在去莫斯科机场的路上, 妈妈紧紧地握着我的手。12. A. pointedB. staredC. aimedD. arrived【解析】选D。固定搭配题。依据后面的our new home可知要用arrive at到达。其次天, 我们来到了在加利福尼亚州的新家。13. A. hardlyB. fortunatelyC. curiouslyD. generally【解析】选A。前后照应题。依据后面作者问及父亲时母亲的态度可知, 我们几乎从没谈起过我父亲。14. A. photosB. clothesC. demandsD. books【解析】选A。前后照应题。依据后面and over time forgot what he looked like可知, 导致我遗忘了他长什么样的缘由应当是我没有他的照片。15. A. excitedB. disappointedC. advancedD. pleased【解析】选B。规律推理题。依据Forget him. Hes gone可知, 当问及父亲的状况时, 母亲的反应是格外无望。每当我想问问母亲有关父亲的状况时, 她都会看着我, 无望地说: “忘了他吧! 他走了。”16. A. motherB. brotherC. sisterD. father【解析】选D。词汇复现题。依据语境可知, 母亲的行为让我感觉好像被人剥夺了与父亲的关系。17. A. make up forB. make away withC. make use ofD. make out of【解析】选A。短语辨析题。因此我想用某种方式来弥补这些年失去的时间。make up for补偿, 弥补; make away with带走, 拿走, 偷走; make use of使用, 利用; make out of用制造出。18. A. teachingB. tellingC. supplyingD. writing【解析】选B。规律推理题。父亲和我隔桌而坐, 像老伴侣那样给我讲故事。19. A. familiarB. completeC. realD. passing【解析】选A。前后照应题。依据上文可知, 对于作者来说父亲的形象在自己的心目中既生疏又生疏。此刻渐渐地, 我拼凑起了一张生疏的生疏人的画像。20. A. studentB. childC. parentD. writer【解析】选B。规律推理题。依据语境可知, 作者自小和父亲在一起的时间很有限。在某种程度上, 他照旧像我在孩童时和我那么疏远。II. 阅读理解A(2022合肥模拟)In the quest for better health, many people turn to doctors, self-help books or herbal supplements. But they overlook a powerful weapon that could help them fight illness and depression, speed recovery, slow aging and prolong life: their friends. Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship and social networks in overall health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the risk for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could promote brain health as we age. “In general, the role of friendship in our lives isnt well appreciated, ”said Rebecca G. Adams, a professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. “There are a lot of things on families and marriage, but very little on friendship. It baffles me. Friendship has a bigger impact on our psychological well-being than family relationships. ”Bella DePaulo, a visiting psychology professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, whose work focuses on single people and friendships, notes that in many studies, friendship has an even greater effect on health than a spouse or a family member. It isnt entirely clear why friendship has such a big effect. It may be because people with strong social ties also have better access to health services and care. Beyond that, however, friendship clearly has a profound psychological effect. People with strong friendships are less likely than others to get colds, perhaps because they have lower stress levels. Last year, researchers studied 34 students at the University of Virginia, taking them to the base of a steep hill and fitting them with a weighted backpack. They were then asked to estimate the steepness of the hill. Some participants stood next to friends during the exercise, while others were alone. The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. And the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared. “People with stronger friendship networks feel like there is someone they can turn to, ”said Karen A. Roberto, director of the center for gerontology(老年医学)at Virginia Tech. “Friendship is an undervalued resource. The consistent message of these studies is that friends make your life better. ”【文章大意】如何保持身心健康? 信任每个人对此都很感爱好并能给出自己的答案。本文作者向我们介绍了一个有利于身心健康的, 很重要又长期被人们忽视的因素友情。1. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. People should make friends as many as possible. B. Friendships do great good to human health. C. People with friends have an optimistic attitude. D. Several studies have been done on friendships. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章通过几个争辩结果说明友情在促进人类身心健康方面作用巨大。2. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. People havent attached importance to friendships. B. A friend can replace doctors and self-help books. C. People with many friends may have higher stress levels. D. People who have friends tend to be fat. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章第三段可知, 人们尚未生疏到友情对人们身心健康的重要性。其他选项均与原文信息不符。3. The author mentioned the study in the last three paragraphs to indicate that. A. students should climb the steep hill with friendsB. it takes a long time to make friendsC. a friend in need is a friend indeedD. people accompanied by friends remain optimistic in the face of difficulty【解析】选D。推理推断题。倒数其次段中“The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. ”表明与伴侣在一起的同学估量出来的坡度更小, 这意味着他们面对困难能保持相对乐观的心态。4. In Paragraph 2 the author aims to tell us. A. friendship has a strong physical effect on peoples healthB. we cannot be too careful when making friendsC. older people are likely to have fewer friendsD. 60 percent of the people without friends will become fat when they get old【解析】选A。段落大意题。依据本段开头(主题句)可知答案。而且主题句后的三个争辩结论都与“友情影响身体健康”有关。BIt takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition. Have you ever wondered what these successful athletes eat to stay in peak shape? Keri Glassman, a registered dietitian and founder of Nutritious Life Meals, appeared on“Good Morning America”today to give you a glimpse into the diets ofsome top athletes. Some of their meals could surprise you. Crazy Calorie CountGlassman said Olympians eat a lot of foodquantities that for ordinary people would constitute pigging out. One secret of swimmer Michael Phelps astonishing performance in the 2008 Olympics in Beijing was consuming as many as 12, 000 calories in one day. Athletes can eat like this and not gain any weight because their workouts are intense. According to Glassman, Phelps workouts can burn 4, 000 to 6, 000 calories in a day, and those calories must be added in order to train the following day. Snacking SecretsSome athletes eat strange foods that improve their performance. Yohan Blake, the Jamaica sprinter and 100-meter world champion, has stolen champion sprinter Usain Bolts thunder on the track during the Olympic trials. Asked about how he gets his energy, Blake answered that he eats 16 bananas per day, Glassman said. Jonathan Horton, the lead gymnast on the US team, has a blood sugar problem. His solution is honey. When he starts to feel shaky at the gym, he takes honey to boost his energy, Glassman said. Foods for RecoveryWhat are the best foods to help the body recover after harsh competition? For Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte, the recovery meal is grilled chicken breasts with Alfredo sauce, whole-grain spaghetti and a salad with lemon juice and olive oil. Lochte, who recently cut out junk food, candy and soda, has undertaken a strength-training regimen(养生法)that involves flipping tractor tires and tossing beer kegs, Glassman said. 【文章大意】运动员的成长不仅需要熬炼, 还需要养分, 合理膳食也至关重要。5. Whats the best title of this passage? A. Good Diet Makes a True OlympianB. Olympians Have Olympic-size AppetitesC. Olympians Strange Eating HabitsD. The Diets of Some Top Olympic Athletes【解析】选D。主旨大意题。第一段是中心段落, 全部奥运选手不仅仅需要熬炼, 要想获得金牌还需要养分, 合理膳食。6. What does the underlined sentence probably mean? A. Ordinary people eat few pigs compared with Olympians. B. Olympians eat a lot more food than ordinary people. C. Olympians tend to eat a lot of high-quality food. D. Olympians eat a large amount of food, just like pigs. 【解析】选B。句意理解题。前一句说奥运选手吃很多食物。画线部分在破折号之后, 是对前面话语的补充。7. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Ryan Lochte quit eating junk food, candy and soda for his better recovery. B. Yohan Blake finally beat Usain Bolt in the 100-meter track in the Olympics. C. Michael Phelpsastonishing performance was due to his eating lots of food. D. Jonathan Horton has a blood sugar problem because of taking too much honey. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。依据最终一段最终一句可知A正确。8. The passage is most likely to be found in. A. a technical reportB. a fashion magazineC. an education columnD. a sports newspaper【解析】选D。文章出处题。本文说的是运动员与饮食, 所以这篇文章可能毁灭在报纸的体育版面。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解如何查找主题句?阅读文章时往往通过查找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置常有三种状况: 开头、中间、结尾。故解答主旨大意题时多接受扫瞄法, 即扫瞄文章的首段和尾段的首句和尾句或每段的首句或尾句, 重点搜寻主题信息。请依据上面两篇文章内容, 填写下表: 题号主题句选项1第一段最终一句点明文章主旨: But they overlook a powerful weapon. . . _._5第一段点明文章主旨: It takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require _._答案:题号主题句选项1第一段最终一句点明文章主旨: But they overlook a powerful weapon. . . their friends.B5第一段点明文章主旨: It takes more than just practice to become an Olympian. Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition.D