1、 June Aug12th,2012此文档比较适合初二学生学习,所举的例子还比较不错,第三页的表格总结的也还不错反意疑问句专题(中考必考1) 一、基本用法与结构反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成,第一部分提出一种看法,第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式,陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式:He likes English, doesnt he? 他喜欢英语,是吗?He doesnt like English, does he? 他不喜欢英语,是吗?【注】1. 若陈述部分含有
2、hardly, never, few, nothing ,little,nobody,seldom等否定词或半否定词,其疑问部分要用肯定式:He has few friends here, has he? 他在这儿几乎没什么朋友,是吗?She said nothing, did she? 她什么也没说,是不是?2. 若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词,疑问部分仍用否定式:It is unfair, isnt it? 这不公平,不是吗?It is impossible, isnt it? 那是不可能的,是吗?3. 当陈述部分为为there be句型时,疑问部分仍用there作“主语”:There wa
3、s nothing in the room, was there? 房间里什么也没有,是吗?4. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词(this ,that ,these ,those)时,疑问部分用it, they等代词:That is a new car, isnt it? 这是一辆新汽车,是吗?5.当陈述部分的主语是复合不定代词时,若陈述部分的主语为somebody,someone, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等复合不定代词,其反意疑问句的主语在正式文体中用he,在口语或非正式文体中通常用they:Nobody was late, were they?
4、没有一个人迟到,是吗?6.当陈述部分的主语是 something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时,其反意疑问句的主语要用it:Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都准备好了吗?Nothing is important, is it? 没有什么重要的,不是吗?二、含情态动词的反意疑问句1. 基本原则:在通常情况下,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词:He can speak English, cant he?他会说英语,是吗?We shouldnt go, should we? 我们不应该去,对不对
5、?2. 当陈述部分含有must时,要分两种情况: 若must表示“必须”或“有必要”,疑问部分用 mustnt 或neednt:You must leave at once, mustnt neednt you? 你必须(有必要)马上离开,是吗?但是若陈述部分有mustnt表示禁止,疑问部分要must:You mustnt laugh, must you? 你不准笑,知道吗? 若must表示推测,疑问部分不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式:He must be tired, isnt he? 他一定累了,是吗?三、陈述部分为祈使句的反意疑问句1. 基本原则:若陈述部
6、分为祈使句,疑问部分通常用will you:Please help us, will you? 请帮帮我们,好吗?Come with us, will you? 同我们一起去,好吗?Dont forget to post the letter, will you? 请别忘了寄信。2. 当祈使句为Lets时,疑问部分总是用 shall we:Lets go there together, shall we? 我们一起去,好吗?3. 当祈使句为Let us时,若表示请求,疑问部分用will you,若表示建议,疑问部分用 shall we:Let us know your address, wil
7、l you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳好吗?四、陈述部分为主从复合句的反意疑问句1. 当陈述部分为主从复合句时,疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致:She said that he didnt like it, didnt she? 她说他不喜欢它,是不是?He knows where I live, doesnt he? 他知道我住什么地方,是不是?当陈述部分为I think (believe, suppose) that.等时,疑问部分通常与从句保持一致(注意否定的转移):I think that i
8、t is too short, isnt it? 我认为它太短了,对不对(它太短吗)?I dont think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗(他会来吗)?【注】这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。五、几种特殊情况的反意疑问句1. 当陈述部分是Im时,疑问部分通常用arent I:Im wrong, arent I? 我错了,是吗?Im older than you, arent I? 我年纪比你大,对不对?2. 当陈述部分是I wish时,疑问部分通常用may II wish to go with them, may I?
9、我想同他们一起去,可以吗?3. 当陈述部分有had better时,疑问部分用had:Hed better leave here, hadnt he? 他最好离开这儿,是吗?Would better , 疑问部分 would 请看如下表格,对号入座1、遵循“前否后肯”或“前肯后否”的原则:JimisntinClassFour,ishe?2、前后两句主语相同 :MrZhanghasbeenhereforfouryears,hasnthe?3、主语不一致的若干情况如下(需牢记):前句主语后句主语例 句This/thatItThis is your brother,isnt it?Something
10、anythingeverythingnothingNothing is serious,is it?V.ing/to v.Swimming is great fun,isnt it?These/thosetheyThose are books,arent they?Everybody/everyoneSomeboby/someoneAnybody/anyoneHe/theyEveryone knows this,dont they?(Everyone knows this ,doesnt he?)BothandThey/you/weBoth Tom and Jack came, didnt t
11、hey?NobodyHeNobody likes to lose money, does he?hadbettershould或hadWehadbettergorightnow,shouldntwe/hadntwe?wouldrather+动词原形” wouldliketo+动词原形”wouldntYoudliketohavesomebananas,wouldntyou?I amArent IIamyourfriend,arentI?Letmewillyou或mayI Letmehelpyou,mayI?LetsshallweLetsgoforawalk,shallwe?letuswillyo
12、uLetusdoitbyourselves,willyou?Let接第三人称willyouLethimcomein,willyou?感叹句Isnt it/arent ?Whatfineweather,isntit?否定的祈使句Willyoucanyou Dontmakeanoise,will/canyou?表示邀请,请求的祈使句willyouwontyou/wouldyouComehere,willyou?Turnoffthelight,willyou?表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句willyou、canyou、wouldyoucantyou、wontyou :Stoptalking,canyou
13、?Writedownthenewwords,willyou/wontyou?谓语不一致的若干情况如下(需牢记):前谓语后谓语例句have(有)have或doMaryhastwobrothers,doesntshe/hasntshe?have(有)与陈述部分一致Hehasntalotoftime,hashe?have不做“有”用doTheyallhaveagoodtime,dontthey?haveto用do或haveWehavetogetupearly,dontwe/haventwe?havegotto用haveWehavegottoanswerallthequestions,haventwe
14、hadbetter用should或hadWehadbettergorightnow,shouldntwe/hadntwemaymay主语+notTheymaybeherenextweek,maytheynot?must(必须)用needntYoumustdoittoday,needntyou?must(应该)用mustntImuststudyhard,mustntI?mustnt用must或mayYoumustnttalklikethat,mustyou?实义动need和dear用doHeneedshelp,doesnthe?情态动need和dear用need和dearHedarenotsayso,darehe?neednt用need或mustHeneedntdothat,musthe?“wouldrather+动词原形” “wouldliketo+动词原形”用wouldntYoudliketohavesomebananas,wouldntyou?“oughtto+动词原形”用oughtnt或shouldntWeoughttogothere,shouldntwe?“usedto+动词原形”didnt+主语”usednt主语”HeusedtoliveinLondon,usednthe/didnthe?