初中反义疑问句教案.doc

蒲公英教育英语第10~11周教案

反义疑问句
一、英文中的反意疑问句
1、反意疑问句的概念
反义疑问句 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人没有把握，需要对方证实。
反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。常翻译为“是吗” 。
例如:
He likes English, doesn’t he? 他喜欢英语，是吗？
He doesn’t like English, does he? 他不喜欢英语，是吗？
2.反意疑问句的回答
回答时，如果情况属实，用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如
You were moved by your students, weren’t you?
情况属实：Yes, I were.
情况不属实：No, I weren’t.
二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：前肯+后否， 前否+后肯 如：
①You can’t do it, can you? 你不能做它，是吗？
②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they? 他们开会迟到了，是吗？
三．当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，
Be动词包括：am, is, are, was, were
助动词有：do, does, did, have（用在完成时）, has（用在完成时）等
情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should
例如：
She is a lovely girl, isn’t she?
He will go home, __won’t__ __he__?
She doesn’t like to eat popcorn, __does__ _she___?
注意：①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)
四．当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了s,就用does, 若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：
You cleaned your house last week, _didn’t you?
Your father plays the computer very well, __doesn’t__ ___he _?
They look so happy today, _don’t ___ _they___?
五．（1）反意疑问句的陈述部分带有seldom,little, few, never, hardly, seldom，nobody, nothing,nowher等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：
①She never tells a lie, does she?
②He was seldom late, was he?
(2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis-前缀、-less后缀等含词缀而意思否定的词，当肯定句处理，疑问部分仍用否定形式。
He looks unhappy,doesn't he? 他看上去不高兴，不是吗?
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。
如： I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
七．陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?
②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
八、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
有人已经坐了位置，是吗？
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
每个人在比赛中已经尽力了，是吗？

九．祈使句
1）若为let’s引导，反问句用shall we?
例如 Let’s go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？
2）若为let us引导 和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用will you？
例如 Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？
Don’t make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？
3）一般的肯定祈使句则用will you 或won’t you 都行，例如：
Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? 请坐，好吗？
You feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？
Please open the window, will you? (won’t you?) 打开窗，好吗？
4）在否定的祈使句的后面，只能用will you?
E.g. Don’t tell anyone, will you?
5). 表示 “请求” 意思的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you?
E.g. Pass me the dictionary, will you?
十：陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句用动词+there (here)?形式。
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there?
碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？
②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？
十一：宾语从句
当主句含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词+宾语从句时，在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。
符合否定前移的条件(即当主句主语是I，谓语 think， believe， suppose， imagine, expect, guess时要与从句一致，其余句式均反问主句。)
(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如:
I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?
We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?
值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属前否后肯。例如:
I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he?
We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?
此类句子的回答同"前否后肯"型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为"Yes, they have.";若尚未到达，使用"No, they haven't."。
(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关)。例如:
Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?
You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?
They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?
She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?
(3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。
十二、感叹句中，疑问部分用否定的助动词加sb / sth?如:
【1】What a fine day it is today!
What a fine day it is today，isn"t it?
【2】How fast he runs!
十三、陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。
如：Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn’t it?
Between six and seven will suit you, won’t it?
Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?
That China is a great socialist country is well known, isn’t it?

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