初中反义疑问句教案.doc

蒲公英教育英语第1011周教案反义疑问句一、英文中的反意疑问句1、反意疑问句的概念反义疑问句 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人没有把握，需要对方证实。 反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。常翻译为“是吗” 。例如:He likes English, doesnt he? 他喜欢英语，是吗？ He doesnt like English, does he? 他不喜欢英语，是吗？2.反意疑问句的回答回答时，如果情况属实，用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如You were moved by your students, werent you?情况属实：Yes, I were.情况不属实：No, I werent.二、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：前肯+后否， 前否+后肯 如： You cant do it, can you? 你不能做它，是吗？They are very late for the meeting, arent they? 他们开会迟到了，是吗？三当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be动词包括：am, is, are, was, were助动词有：do, does, did, have（用在完成时）, has（用在完成时）等情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should例如：She is a lovely girl, isnt she? He will go home, _wont_ _he_?She doesnt like to eat popcorn, _does_ _she_?注意：He has supper at home every day, doesntt he? (不能用hasnt he?) They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用dont they?) 四当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了s,就用does, 若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：You cleaned your house last week, _didnt you?Your father plays the computer very well, _doesnt_ _he _?They look so happy today, _dont _ _they_?五（1）反意疑问句的陈述部分带有seldom,little, few, never, hardly, seldom，nobody, nothing,nowher等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie, does she? He was seldom late, was he? (2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis-前缀、-less后缀等含词缀而意思否定的词，当肯定句处理，疑问部分仍用否定形式。He looks unhappy,doesnt he? 他看上去不高兴，不是吗?六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时，问句部分习惯上用arent I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, arent I? 七陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? Nothing has happened to them, has it? 八、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody (someone), anybody (anyone), nobody (no one), everybody (everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如： Someone has taken the seat, hasnt he? 有人已经坐了位置，是吗？ Everyone has done their best in the game, havent they? 每个人在比赛中已经尽力了，是吗？九祈使句1）若为lets引导，反问句用shall we? 例如 Lets go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？2）若为let us引导 和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用will you？ 例如 Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？Dont make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？3）一般的肯定祈使句则用will you 或wont you 都行，例如：Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? 请坐，好吗？You feed the bird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？Please open the window, will you? (wont you?) 打开窗，好吗？4）在否定的祈使句的后面，只能用will you? E.g. Dont tell anyone, will you?5). 表示 “请求” 意思的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you? E.g. Pass me the dictionary, will you? 十：陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句用动词+there (here)?形式。 There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？ Here is a story about Mark Twain, isnt here? 这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？十一：宾语从句当主句含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词+宾语从句时，在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。 符合否定前移的条件(即当主句主语是I，谓语 think， believe， suppose， imagine, expect, guess时要与从句一致，其余句式均反问主句。)(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如:I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he?We suppose you have finished the project, havent you?值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属前否后肯。例如:I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he?We dont imagine the twins have arrived, have they?此类句子的回答同前否后肯型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为Yes, they have.;若尚未到达，使用No, they havent.。(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关)。例如:Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she?You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you?They dont believe shes an engineer, do they?She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she?(3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。十二、感叹句中，疑问部分用否定的助动词加sb / sth?如:【1】What a fine day it is today!What a fine day it is today，isnt it?【2】How fast he runs!十三、陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。如：Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it?Between six and seven will suit you, wont it?Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?That China is a great socialist country is well known, isnt it?4