2022高考英语一轮总复习-语法专题突破-专题八-名词性从句学案北师大版.doc

2022高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破 专题八 名词性从句学案北师大版

2022高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破 专题八 名词性从句学案北师大版

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专题八　名词性从句
核心考点课堂突破　
高考感悟
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.(2020·北京卷)Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking,ask them 　　　　　you can join in when it’s possible. 
2.(2020·浙江卷)Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on 　　　　　could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 
3.(2020·天津卷)The student completed this experiment to make come true 　　　　　Professor Joseph had said. 
4.(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem 　　　　　we can win the battle;it’s just a matter of time. 
5.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)There is evidence 　　　　　they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 
6.(2018·北京卷)Without his support,we wouldn’t be 　　　　　we are now. 
7.(2018·北京卷)This is 　　　　　my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 
8.(2018·天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to 　　　　　wins the first place in the bicycle race. 
9.(2018·江苏卷)By boat is the only way to get here,which is 　　　　　we arrived. 

Ⅱ.单句改错
1.(2017·天津卷)She asked me that I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadn’t. 　　　　　 
2.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 　　　　　 
3.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. 　　　　　 
4.(2015·全国Ⅱ卷)After looking at the toy for some time,he turned around and found where his parents were missing. 　　　　　 
考点归纳
考点一　名词性从句的关联词语
种类
作用
常用关联词
例句
主语
从句
在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置于谓语之前,也可用it做形式主语,主语从句放主句之后
that,whether,if,as if,as though,who,whose,which,how,when,where,why,what,whatever,whoever,wherever,
whichever,whenever,
however,because
Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter much.
Whoever comes here will be welcome.
表语
从句
在复合句中做表语,相当于名词,位于系动词之后
It looks as if it is going to snow.
宾语
从句
在复合句中做宾语,相当于名词
He asked me which team could win the game.
同位
语从
句
放在名词news,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,thought,hope,fact等后,表明其具体内容
You have no idea how worried we are.
The fact that he lied again greatly surprised us.

考点二　主语从句

连接词
词义
在句中所做成分
例句

who,whom,which,whose,what
原疑问代词的意义;what更常表示the thing that/ the...that “所……的东西/……”
主语、宾语、表语、定语
Who kept the door open all night was unknown.
whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever
无论谁、无论哪个(些)、无论什么
主语、宾语、表语、定语
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.

when,where,why,how
原疑问副词的意义或“……的时间(the time when);……的地点(the place where);……的原因(the reason why);……的方式(the way that)”
状语
How this happened is not clear to anyone.
whenever/wherever/however
“无论什么时候/无论在哪里/无论怎么样”
状语
Wherever she goes is not my concern.
连词
that/whether
that无意义,whether“是否”
不做成分
Whether they would support us was a problem.

考点三　it做形式主语的常见句型
It is+名词(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise等)+that从句
It is no surprise that we will win the match.
It is+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,funny,possible,likely,certain等)+that从句
It is certain that he will come.
It is+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced等)+that从句
It is said that Mr Smith has arrived.

考点四　宾语从句
动词+宾语从句
I want to know what he has told you.
介词+wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句
His father is worried about whether he would lose his work.
besides/beyond/but/except/that (除了)
Have you heard anything beyond that he is ill?
Criticism and self-criticism is necessary but that it helps us correct our mistakes.

续　表　　
find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等+it+宾语补足语+that引导的宾语从句
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,see to等+it+宾语从句
I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.
形容词+宾语从句
I’m sure that they can make it.

考点五　表语从句
be或者其他系动词后的从句为表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略
The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.
主句主语为advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语应该用“should+动词原形”的形式,should可以省略
His suggestion is that we (should) change our course.
主语为名词reason时,表语从句的连接词用that,不用why或者because
The reason for the accident is that the driver was too careless.
because,as if,as though,as等也可引导表语从句
This is because the light we see from the sun is white.

考点六　同位语从句
常见的能接同位语从句的名词
belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,explanation,information,thought,word
引导词
同位语从句一般用that引导,但根据语境的不同,也可以用其他的连接代词和连接副词。引导同位语从句的that不能省略
例句
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.
The question where we shall have a meeting hasn’t been decided.

考点七　if与whether不能互换的情况
介词后用whether不用if
It depends on whether he’s ready.
不定式之前用whether,不用if
He worried whether to come.
名词之后用whether不用if
The decision whether to see her was mine alone.
whether可和or not直接连用,if一般不能
I don’t know whether or not he is ready.
引导让步状语从句用whether不用if
Whether you like it or not,you will have to do it.
如果宾语从句放在句首,用whether不用if
Whether this is true or not,I can’t say.
如果宾语从句是个否定句,用if引导不用whether引导
I don’t care if he can’t come.

考点八　that,what与which
that 引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,一般可省略;that引导定语从句时在从句做成分,只有做宾语时能省略
That he failed the exam made me surprised.(主语从句,that不充当从句成分)
what可以引导名词性从句,其意义为“……的人/物/数目等”,不能引导定语从句
He is not what he was a few years ago.
which 引导名词性从句,其意义为“哪一个”,可以指人也可以指物,是在已知的具体的人、事、物当中进行选择;引导定语从句时,只能当关系代词,在从句中做主语或宾语,且只能指物
Tell me which book you like better,the red one or the blue one?
I will buy the book which you choose for you.

专项训练巩固提升　
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Before the sales start,I make a list of 　　　　　my kids will need for the coming season. 
2.　　　　　 struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son. 
3.Scientists study 　　　　　human brains work to make computers. 
4.Modern science has given clear evidence 　　　　　smoking can lead to many diseases. 
5.Generally speaking,being hard-working is just 　　　　　it takes to be successful in your career. 
6.The shocking news made me realize 　　　　　terrible problems we would face. 
7.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer,which is 　　　　　he never finishes anything. 
8.We’ve offered her the job,but I don’t know 　　　　　she’ll accept it. 
9.It never occurred to me 　　　　　you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 
10.The notice came around two o’clock in the afternoon 　　　　　the meeting would be put off. 

Ⅱ.单句改错
1.All what is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad. 　　　　　 
2.It’s uncertain that the experiment is worth doing. 　　　　　 
3.This is a fact that English is widely used as an international language. 　　　　　 
4.When we’ll finish translating the book depend on the time. 　　　　　 
5.The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless. 　　　　　 
6.At the meeting he raised a question if the project would be cancelled. 　　　　　 
7.He ordered that the injured were taken good care of. 　　　　　 
8.The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us. 　　　　　 
9.When and where we shall have the lecture are not decided. 　　　　　 
10.The news they had won the game surprised us. 　　　　　 
Ⅲ.语法填空
Andrew was going for a sales job interview.He knew he had the least experience to get the job.In fact he wasn’t even sure 1.　　　　　 he’d got the interview.2.　　　　　 he did know was that he was very thankful for the opportunity given to him. 
Though the interview 3.　　　　　(go) well,it was impressed on him again 4.　　　　　 compared with the other candidates he didn’t have the ability 5.　　　　　(get) the job.As he left the building,he gave the receptionist 6.　　　　　 envelope.Inside was a thank-you note for the man 7.　　　　　 had just interviewed him,thanking him for his time and for the opportunity. 
That evening,Andrew got a call 8.　　　　　(tell) him that he’d got the job.His new employer knew clearly 9. it wasn’t Andrew’s qualification that got him the job,but his thank-you note.If Andrew was able to be thankful at this stage,he would be able to build positive relationships with his customers,which was exactly 10. the company was looking for.Being grateful won Andrew the job. 
Ⅳ.短文改错
Ladies and gentlemen,
Now I would like to tell you why I learn English writing.Firstly,I often recited good English articles,in which helps me think in English when I imitate English writing.Secondly,I also read English articles wide so that I can take in as many language material as possible.Thirdly,in order to make myself understand,I think it is important to learn some grammar rules,listen to the radio or practice speaking English a lot.Fourthly,I keep diary every day so that I can learn by write.Besides,I often refer to other’s articles to know what I need and what I can learn from others.
That’s all.Thank you.

专题八　名词性从句
核心考点·课堂突破
高考感悟
Ⅰ.1.whether/if　2.what　3.what　4.whether　5.that　6.where/what　7.what　8.whoever　9.how
Ⅱ.1.that→whether/if　2.that→where　3.how→what　4.去掉where或where→that
专项训练·巩固提升
Ⅰ.1.what　2.What　3.how　4.that　5.what　6.what　7.why
8.whether/if　9.that　10.that
Ⅱ.1.what→that　2.that→whether　3.This→It　4.depend→depends
5.because→that　6.if→whether　7.were→be　8.which→that　9.are→is　10.在news后加that
Ⅲ.1.how　2.What　3.went　4.that　5.to get　6.an　7.who/that
8.telling　9.that　10.what
Ⅳ.Ladies and gentlemen,
Now I would like to tell you I learn English writing.Firstly,I often good English articles,
in
which helps me think in English when I imitate English writing.Secondly,l also read English articles so that I can take in as many language as possible.Thirdly,in order to make myself ,I think it is important to learn some grammar rules,listen to the radio practice speaking English a lot.Fourthly,I keep diary every day so that I can learn by .Besides,I often refer to articles to know what I need and what I can learn from others.
That’s all.Thank you.