安徽省滁州二中八年级英语上册 Unit 6 Period 2 Grammar教案 人教新目标版.doc

Period 2 GrammarTarget language 目标语言1. Words and expressions重点词汇和短语pair, since 2. Key sentences重点句子How long have you been skating?I have been skating since 9 oclock.I have been skating for five hours. How long did you skate?I skated for two hours. Ability goals 能力目标Enable students to use “How long have you been doing .?” and “Ive been doing . since/for .” structure.Learning ability goals 学能目标Help students learn how to use since/for in present perfect progressive tense. Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点The difference between simple past tense and present perfect progressive tense. Teaching aids 教具准备Projector and slide. Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程与方式Step I Listening (2a, 2b, P45)Students will listen to the recording and deal with activities 2a and 2b on page 45. They will hear the use of for and since in the present perfect progressive tense. Then they will do some groupwork to practice it orally. T: In the first period, we listened to a TV reporter interviewing some marathon participants. One of them is Alison. Do you remember? Finally, he won the skating marathon. Now the TV reporter is interviewing him. Turn to page 45, look at 2a. Here are six questions. Which questions did the reporter ask? Go through the questions first. Then listen to the interview and tick the questions you hear. Play the recording. Then check the answer by asking students to read the complete questions. T: Now weve got the questions. The answers to these questions are also given in activity 2a. Lets listen to the interview again and match them.Play the recording again. Then check the answers. T: So what are the different uses of the two words?Write the two words for and since on the board. T: Since usually comes before a date or a point of time while for comes before a period of time. But they both introduce adverbial of time in present perfect progressive tense. Understand? Let students give some examples for each word. Since For 1990 many years last Friday a century 8:45 several hours the war broke out three weeksThen let them give complete sentences using these examples. Sample sentences:He has been living alone since the war broke out. It has been raining since last Friday.We have been playing basketball for several hours. One of my friend has been practicing Yoga for many years. T: What is the difference between “How long did you skate?” and “How long have you been skating?” Explain that “did” question means that the person has stopped doing the action. While “have been doing” question shows that the person is continuing to do the action at the moment.Step II Pairwork (2c, P45)In this step, students will practice the interview orally. T: Now work in pairs and role play the interview. One is the reporter. Another one is Alison. Role play the interview. They are supposed to practice using the simple past tense and present perfect progressive tense in their conversation. Sample conversation:A: Alison, congratulations on winning the skating marathon!B: Thank you.A: So, how long did you skate today?B: For six hours!A: Was this your first skating marathon?B: No, I skated in a marathon last year.A: Youre an excellent skater, Alison. Do you skate every day?B: Yes, I do.A: How long have you been skating?B: Since I was seven years old. I got my first pair of skates on my birthday from my grandmother .Step III Grammar focusHelp students have a deep understanding of the present perfect progressive tense. T: The present perfect continuous is made up of two elements: (a) the present perfect of the verb to be (have/has been), and (b) the present participle of the main verb (base + ing).She has been / Shes been running She hasnt been running Has she been running? Hasnt she been running? Example: to live, present perfect continuousI have been living I havent been living Have I been living? You have been living You havent been living Have you been living? He, she, it has been living He hasnt been living Has she been living? We have been living We havent been living Have we been living? You have been living You havent been living Have you been living? They have been living They havent been living Have they been living? The function of the present perfect continuous: The present perfect continuous refers to an unspecified time between “before now” and “now”. The speaker is thinking about something that started but perhaps did not finish in that period of time. He/she is interested in the process as well as the result, and this process may still be going on, or may have just finished.Examples: 1. Actions that started in the past and continue in the present.a. She has been waiting for you all day (=and shes still waiting now).b. Ive been working on this report since eight oclock this morning (=and I still havent finished it).c. They have been travelling since last October (=and theyre not home yet).2. Actions that have just finished, but we are interested in the results.a. She has been cooking since last night (=and the food on the table looks delicious).b. Its been raining (= and the streets are still wet).c. Someones been eating my chips (= half of them have gone).T: Some verbs are not normally used in the continuous form; we use the present perfect simple instead. For example:Ive wanted to visit China for years. Shes known Robert since she was a child.Ive hated that music since I first heard it.Ive heard a lot about you recently.Weve understood everything weve heard this morning. Step IV HomeworkT: Please review the grammar points after class.