新思维综合英语3课程辅导Unit41620市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

新思维综合英语(3)课程辅导Unit 4（1620）巴州电大第1页Unit 4 Learning objectivesvHow to recall the past怎样回想过去发生事情vHow to describe the past怎样描述过去发生事情vHow to talk about how youve changed怎样谈论自己发生改变 vLearn to write articles about ones or somebodys past,what happened then or how life was or things were like then.学习书写关于过去生活或发生故事文章。第2页惯用阅读方法惯用阅读方法v阅读方法培养是个比较漫长过程，不可能一蹴而就。v在平时学习过程中，要树立培养良好阅读习惯，摈弃逐字逐句地用手或笔“指读”、“唇读”或在心里出声“默读”等不良习惯,逐步养成按意群、信息点进行阅读习惯。v介绍几个阅读方法：第3页1.导读(Preparation for reading)v导读指阅读文章之前准备。v阅读材料可能会包括社会、经济、历史、文化等多个领域，体裁也可能各不相同，叙事、说明、议论、书信、各种文学形式等应有尽有。v在导读过程中，依据阅读材料不一样内容和不一样体裁，适当地查阅一些与文章相关背景知识，有利于了解阅读材料内容，激发对所读材料兴趣，提升阅读效果。v比如：在阅读本单元关于Everglades大湿地文章前，能够查阅一下相关图书资料或网络资料，对Everglades基本情况有些了解，这么，会有利于阅读本篇文章。第4页2.略读(Skimming)v略读是一个快速阅读方法。v在进行略读时，不需要详尽地了解所读材料，只是快速浏览全篇文章，了解阅读材料基本信息，领会主旨或抓住主要内容。v能够跳过细节，跳过不主要思想和例子。v略读时，要留心重复出现单词,以及文章开始段、结束段和每段段首句和段尾句,因为它们往往是对文章内容最好概括。v换言之，就是要(1)抓主题句；(2)抓段落关键点；（3）抓关键词汇。第5页3查读(Scanning)v同略读一样，查读也是一个快速阅读方法。v二者不一样之处于于：略读是从阅读材料中取得大意，其目标是了解阅读内容概要，事先可能对阅读材料并不了解。而查读是从阅读材料中寻找一些特定信息，普通来说，是在对阅读材料有所了解情况下进行。v查读时视线自上而下,一目十行，只注意那些要寻找特定信息，就象查询火车时刻表或字典一样。v查读时，需要注意是：(1)时刻清楚地记着自己要寻找特定信息；(2)快速沿着文章自上而下扫视，时刻期待所找信息从未读部分显现出来；(3)若找到信息，应该仔细看一看，证实所找信息是否确定。第6页4.细读(Reading for details)v顾名思义，细读就是对文字材料进行仔细阅读。v在进行了前面略读和查读后，应该对阅读材料大意和思想有了整体了解，不过对于一些句子和单词意思，也就是细节，还不是很清楚，这时就需要细读或称为精读。v细读过程是从单词、词组、句子、段落、篇章由小到大仔细阅读和了解过程，包含了解单词词义、结构表示及句子表示意义，搞清楚句子及段落结构。v在此基础上，充分了解所读材料，进行分析、总结和概括，并揭示各部分之间内在关系，深入到课文内部结构中去了解文章，了解作者意图，掌握文章中心思想。第7页5猜词性阅读(Guessing unknown words)v在阅读过程中，假如碰到不懂词或句子，怎么办？一碰到生词就去查字典吗？当然不是。要尽可能利用上下文线索猜测词义。要培养高效阅读能力就要学会利用生词上下文去寻找猜测词义线索。v通读上下文往往能澄清整段意思，对整段意思了解又反过来为了解其中生词提供了整体背景，使猜测有了可寻线索。猜词性阅读能够经过以下几个方法来进行：（1）依据构词法了解词义充分利用词缀、词根等语言知识猜测单词词义。（prefix前缀、suffix后缀和stem词根）。第8页v2）依据同义词和反义词了解词义 如：In many nations there are two financial extremes,from penury to great wealth.我们知道，penury和great wealth是经济情况两个极端（two financial extremes），所以它们是一组反义词，因为great wealth是“非常富有”，那么 penury就是“非常贫穷”。v（3）依据经验和常识猜测词义；如：Rushing and running on his job all day long,Mr Lewis energy is depleted at the end of the day.我们知道，一个人奔忙了一整天工作，精力必定是被大大消耗了。所以，把depleted猜成decreased greatly应该合情合理v（4）依据定义、解释、同位语等句子结构了解单词。第9页Lesson 16,Everglades EvangelistvBackground Information of Everglades National ParkEverglades National Park,located at the southern tip of Florida,was the first national park created specifically to protect not scenery,but one of the most unique and endangered ecosystem（生态系统）,the world largest marshland（湿地）.第10页vAlthough the water appears at first still,it actually is part of a river,moving 100 feet a day,a few inches to a few feet deep,and 50 miles wide,flowing from Lake Okeechobee into the Gulf of Florida.vThe cycle of this water,where six dry winter months alternate with six wet summer months,is essential for the survival of the rich and complex web of life of the park,but has been disturbed by development and canals upstream（上游运河）.第11页vThe park is known for its rich bird life,particularly large wading birds（水禽鸟）,such as the roseate（玫瑰色）spoonbill（阔嘴鸭）,wood stork,（木鹳）great blue heron（苍鹭）and a variety of egrets（白鹭）.It is also the only place in the world where alligators（短吻鳄）and crocodiles exist side by side.Everglades National Park has been designated a World Heritage Site（世界遗产）,an International Biosphere Reserve（国际生态保护区）,and a Wetland of第12页International Importance.v课文主题和结构课文主题和结构这是一篇说明文，有一个很当代主题：环境保护。文章经过介绍Douglas为保护Everglades大湿地而进行一系列努力活动，展示了一位为了保护环境理想目标而坚强不屈、努力拼搏人士 Marjory Stoneman Douglas光芒形象。v全文共八个自然段，能够分为四段。第一自然段为第一段，介绍了Douglas在相关Everglades开发与保护会议上呼吁保护环境出色表现。第13页v第二、三自然段为第二段，简单地概述了Everglades 环境方面今昔对比，突出了Douglas 贡献。v第四自然段为第三段，简单介绍了Douglas 生平经历。v第五第八自然段为第四段，详细介绍了Douglas为保护Everglades大湿地而进行一系列努力活动，出版大沼泽地：草之河和组建“大沼泽地之友”环境保护组织等。第14页v文章以Douglas在一次会议上坚持保护大沼泽地详细表现开篇，老人从容坚定性格跃然纸上，也点出了全文主题：环境保护。v紧接着简单介绍了Douglas生平故事。v最终，经过大沼泽地：草之河出版和“大沼泽地之友”环境保护组织组建，表现了Douglas 为保护大沼泽地不懈努力和坚强决心，以及坚定不移环境保护信念。v在阅读课文时候，要注意从字里行间领会Douglas人物性格以及作者在表现她坚定不移环境保护信念时谴词造句方面特色。第15页Focus Questions：v1.What were the two opposing ideas in the meeting about Everglades?v2.How did Douglas think of what she had done about Everglades?v3.Why did Douglas move to Miami?v4.How did the book The Everglades:River of Grass influence people?v5.How do you understand the“fighting hat”in the article?第16页Language points in the textv第一自然段为第一段，介绍了Douglas在相关Everglades开发与保护会议上呼吁保护环境出色表现。vCall a meeting=hold a meeting 召开会议。vTo be known to sb as sth,某人所熟知为。如：This building is well known to all the students and teachers as the Art Center.vOne ones way to,在去某地路上、途中。如：Could you get me some envelops and stamps on your way to the school?第17页vDevelopers and farmers wanted to drain the water from a 240-square-mile area of the swamp开发商和农场主们想把一片面积为240平方英里一大块沼泽地中水放干。Drain water from,把水从某地放干，抽干。v240-square-mile,数量词连用（有时还能够加形容词），中间有连字符连接，名词用单数。v又如：a 3-meter-long table,一张三米长桌子；a 15-storey building,一座15层大楼。Luxury apartment buildings,豪华住宅楼房。第18页vHer red straw“fighting hat”firmly in place 她那顶红色“战斗”草帽牢牢地戴在头上。（这里，从一个侧面表现了这位80多岁高龄老人保护环境坚定信念。）老人开始讲话时，听到台下有些人给她起哄，非但没有生气，而是很巧妙地让他们 Boo louder,等大家平静下来后，她才开始讲话vShe spoke,firmly but with passion,of how the Everglades were a natural wonder that needed to be preserved.她以坚定不移语气充满激情地讲述为何大沼泽地是一个急需保护自然奇迹。vSpeak of,谈到，提及。第19页v第二、三自然段为第二段，简单地概述了Everglades 环境方面今昔对比，突出了Douglas 贡献。v第二自然段介绍了Everglades今天依然保持了原貌，主要归功于Douglas 女士努力。vToday,thanks largely to Douglas,that part of the Everglades remains unchanged.幸亏有了Douglas 努力，今天，大沼泽地那一部分才得以保持了原貌。vThanks to sb or sth,幸亏，因为。vThanks to his foresight,weve caught the train.幸亏他有先见之明，我们赶上了火车。vRemain unchanged,保持原貌。vRemain+形容词，保持某种状态。如：He remained silent through the meeting.整个会议期间他缄默不语。第20页v在很谦虚地谈到她成绩时候，Douglas 说道：It had to be done,otherwise I wouldnt have done it.And I wouldnt have done it if I didnt enjoy it.v两句话里都有虚拟语气 wouldnt have done,第二句里还有虚拟条件句 if I didnt enjoy it.显然，她是很喜欢这么做，而且她也那样做了。v第三自然段描述了Everglades过去原始自然景象。vThe Everglades took up 9000 square miles.大沼泽地占地9000平方英里。vTake up a certain area or position,占地；占某个位置、地位。vAn area more than seven times as large as the state of Rhode Island.相当于罗得岛州七倍还多，即这块地域大小相当于罗得岛州七倍那么大。第21页vRhode Island 罗得岛位于美国东北部，是美国最小一个州，跟Connecticut,Massachusetts,New York等州比邻vIt was filled with exotic animals like panthers and exotic plants like mangrove trees.那里处处都是象黑豹那样珍奇动物，以及类似红树奇异植物。vExotic,珍奇，奇异，外域。v第四自然段为第三段，简单介绍了Douglas 生平经历。vBorn in Minnesota,Douglas was raised in Massachusetts by her mother and grandparents after her parents separated when she was 5.出生在明尼苏达州，Douglas五岁时父母离异，今后，她在马萨诸塞州由母亲和祖父母养大。第22页vBorn in Minnesota是过去分词短语，做状语，相当于 Although she was born in Minnesota,.动词 raise,抚养，养育，带大（孩子）。To speed a divorce,she moved to Miami.为了早日离婚，她搬到了Miami迈阿密。vTo speed a divorce相当于 in order to get divorced quickly.her father asked her to fill in for a reporter who was on leave 她父亲让她暂时替补一位请假记者。To fill in for sb,暂时补缺，替换。vDr Li was sick today,and Ms Zhang filled in for him.今天，李医生病了，张女士来代替他。第23页vTo be on leave,请了假，休假中。vHe got a letter from home yesterday and went home on leave this morning.他昨天接到了家里来信，今天请假回家了。v第五第八自然段为第四段，详细介绍了Douglas为保护Everglades大湿地而进行一系列努力活动，出版大沼泽地：草之河和组建“大沼泽地之友”环境保护组织等。the public was not yet aware of the effects that people have on their environment.公众还没有意识到人们对周围环境影响。vBe aware of,意识到，了解某事。To have effects on sth,对某事有影响。there was a sense of evil abroad,a restlessness,an anxiety that one passing rainfall could not change.（这里）处处弥漫着一个不祥感觉，一个不安，一个焦虑，不是下一场骤雨就能处理。Abroad,处处，四处；在国外，到国外第24页vthat was home to many unusual animals and plants.它是许多不一样寻常动植物家园。Be home to sth,是家园，发源地。va developer proposed making part of the swamp into a huge new airport一个开发商提议把大沼泽地一部分建设成一座巨型机场。Propose doing sth,提议做某事。vThe results were impressive.（斗争）结果是很令人难忘。Impressive,给人深刻印象，令人难忘，令人感动。vIn all,the national and state governments have committed$800 million to undo the damage they helped cause.美国政府和州政府承诺共计投资8亿美元来修复他们过去对大沼泽地所造成破坏。第25页vIn all,总共，共计。vCommit some money to do sth,承诺花费钱财做某事vUndo,使恢复原状，取消。如：Whats done cannot be undone.覆水难收。vAs she writes,her red straw fighting hat sits nearby just in case her beloved River of Grass needs another helping hand from an old friend.在他写作时候，她红色战斗帽就放在手边，一旦她心爱草之河需要帮助，她这位老朋友就会伸出援助之手。v此处，再次提到 fighting hat,与文章开始遥相呼应，表现了Douglas 随时准备为保护大沼泽地而进行战斗决心和信念。第26页阅读这篇课文时候，要注意从字里行间领会Douglas人物性格以及作者在表现她坚定不移环境保护信念时谴词造句方面特色。vAnswers to the Focus Questions1.What were the two opposing ideas in the meeting about Everglades?Developers and farmers wanted to drain the water from the swamp and then use this land for luxury apartment buildings and farms.At the same time,Douglas insisted that the Everglades were a natural wonder that needed to be preserved.2.How did Douglas think of what she had done about Everglades?From her words(It had to be done,otherwise I wouldnt have done it.And I wouldnt have done it if I didnt enjoy it.),we can see that she was happy that she did make effort to help preserve the Everglades.第27页v3.Why did Douglas move to Miami?After her husband was put in jail for writing a bad check,she moved to Miami in order to get divorced quickly.v4.How did the book The Everglades:River of Grass influence people?The book made people realize that it was not a dismal swamp,but a magnificent and very fragile environment that was home to many unusual animals and plants-an environment to be preserved,not destroyed.v5.How do you understand the“fighting hat”in the article?The“fighting hat”appears twice,one in the beginning and the other at the end,of the article.It becomes a symbol of Douglass determined efforts to preserve the Everglades.第28页vBess Anderson is visiting her father,Charles Anderson,in Michigan.Besss father is a widower.vFocus Questions1.Why do you think Bess suggests her father to move south?2.What is Charless memory of the cold winter days like?3.What happened after Bess and Jim decided to walk to school through the snow?4.How does Charles think of his wife?Where is she now?Lesson 17.I remember第29页计划来旅游一趟吧？vLanguage points in the dialogue Mind if I join you?=Do you mind if I join you?口语中经常省略 Do you.Have you ever given any thought to moving south?你想过搬到南方去吗？to give thought to sth,考虑，思索。如：Would you please give some thought to planning a trip here next summer?你能考虑一下吗，明年夏天vRetirement community,字面意思，退休小区，老人（疗养）小区。第30页vIt would be warm,and youd be with other people.句子中情态动词would表示“一定，就会”，用在必定句中。这里不表示时态，而是强调。v情态动词 would 还常惯用在谈论过去重复性活动句子里，如：I used to spend a lot of time outdoors.Id go for a long walk everyday.这里，I used to=Id(I would).vIm not interested in picking up and moving away.我对收拾东西迁居并不感兴趣。Pick up,收拾东西、行李；（开车）接人；捡起，拣起。vDont you get tired of fighting the cold?总是这么应对严寒您不烦吗？vget tired of=be tired of,厌恶，厌烦。vIm used to it.Be used to sth,习惯于某事。注意区分 used to,过去经常。如对话中句子：We used to sit around the fireplace.Fireplace,西式房子里壁炉。vOutside the snow would be falling and the wind would be howling.副词outside开头，表示强调。v情态动词 would+be doing sth,表示过去经常做什么事。v动词 howl,大风咆哮。第31页vI can still see your mother sitting in her rocking chair knitting.我仍然能够看见你妈妈坐在摇椅里编织衣服。从这句话可以看出，“妈妈”已经不在了，老人只是在回忆，在浮想联翩。Knitting,现在分词。vI wasnt really that crazy about oatmeal.我对燕麦片并不是那么喜欢。vBe crazy about sth,疯狂地喜欢某事。如：He is so crazy about the tall girl he met the other day at the party that hes decided to visit her city next week.vOff you and Jim would go,bundled up like two little Eskimos.句子以副词off开头，强化了两个孩子匆慌忙忙出门情形。vbundle oneself up(in sth),(用)把自己身体裹暖，穿暖和。vEskimo(Eskimos,Eskimoes)爱斯基摩人、爱斯基摩语、爱斯基摩狗。There sure are a lot of memories in this house.这座房子里确实是有很多值得记忆东西。副词sure表示强调、强化程度。v学习本课，需要注意如何回忆过去、如何描述故去经历或习惯、如何谈论变化等语言功能，还要注意 used to,would和一般过去时用法。第32页Answers to the Focus Questions v1.Why do you think Bess suggests her father to move south?It would be warm there,and he would be with other people.v2.What is Charless memory of the cold winter days like?The family used to sit around the fireplace,the four of them.Outside the snow would be falling and the wind would be howling,but it was warm and cozy inside.3.What happened after Bess and Jim decided to walk to school through the snow?Mr Fleming came along in his truck and gave them a ride.v4.Where is Charless wife?She is most probably dead.(From the sentences“I can still see your mother sitting in her rocking chair knitting.You mother would stand at the door and tell you to hurry”,we can guess he is a widower.)第33页 Lesson 20On your ownv写作题目写作题目1.Write a short article about somebody you have interviewed.2.Write a short article about your childhood.Is it easier or harder when you were a child?3.Write a short article about your most vivid memory from the past.第34页写作技巧写作技巧v关于采访对象、过去事件或故事文章写法。1立意要有特点立意要有特点。立意，指确立文章主题，即中心意思。主题是文章灵魂，文章材料、构思、表示都必须为主题服务，围绕主题来选择、确定。立意要挖掘出题目包含深层含义，而且和社会、时代联络起来，揭示出文章社会意义和教育意义，立意一定要深刻，才能令人深思，发人深省，给人教育。立意必须新奇、有特点，才能抓住读者。表现主题与众不一样，才能引发读者阅读兴趣，这么文章才算得好文章。事性文章，选择一个比较适当角度、一个切入点比较主要。第35页v2抓住经典事件。童年发生过那么多事情，怎样在在众多事件中，选择一些经典事件是写这类文章必须锻炼技巧。比如：你需要考虑一系列问题：要表现什么样人物性格？能够表现这一性格突出事件有哪些？哪些是最具经典特点事件？等等。v3叙述次序。叙述故事时普通都会有一定次序，如按照事件发生先后次序来叙述，或者按照事件主要程度，或采取插叙、倒叙等伎俩。不论采取什么方式进行叙述，一定要把事件逻辑关系交代清楚。常见逻辑次序关系词常见逻辑次序关系词：列举first,second,etc.in the first place,in the second place,next,another,finally,still;时间关系 before，after,until,till,meanwhile。以上这些连词、介词、连接性副词和词组能够帮助你理清写作思绪、梳理篇章结构，把握文章重心变换。第36页v主要语言功效主要语言功效How to recall the past怎样回想过去发生事情How to describe the past怎样描述过去发生事情How to talk about how youve changed怎样谈论自己发生改变Learn to write articles about ones or somebodys past,what happened then or how life was or things were like then.学习书写关于过去生活或发生故事文章。小结小结第37页短语或词组短语或词组vto call a meeting开会known to sb as sth据某人所知是某事on ones way to在去某地路上in place在适当位置，得其所to speak of谈到，提及thanks to幸亏，多亏，因为to remain+adj.保持to take up占地；占位置to be filled with充满第38页vto raise a child养育孩子to graduate from从毕业to be(put)in jail被关入狱to write a bad check开空头支票to speed(up)sth加紧速度to fill in for sb暂时补缺，暂时代替(to be)on leave请了假，休假中to lead to造成to be aware of知道，了解to have effects on sth对某事有（施加）影响to be home to sthto mark the beginning of sth to remove sth from sth elsein allto retire from是某物家园、发源地标志着某事开始从排除总共，共计退休第39页