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The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence — other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Feam in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started, which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.
Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island.In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine.When a company stripmines, it removes the top layer of soil.Then it takes away the material it wants.Strip mining totally destroys the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem－their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.
解题导语：瑙鲁曾经是一个秀丽的地方，但由于人们无节制地开采磷酸盐，它可能永久不能再恢复原来的生态了。
1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.
B．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
C．To show the importance of money.
D．To give a warning to other countries.
解析：写作意图题。依据第一段“Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence－other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可知选D。
答案：D
2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?
A．Peaceful and attractive.
B．Modern and open.
C．Rich and powerful.
D．Greedy and aggressive.
解析：细节理解题。依据第一段“The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.”可知选A。
答案：A
3．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from ________.
A．soil pollution
B．phosphate overmining
C．farming activity
D．whale hunting
解析：细节理解题。依据最终一段“their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可知选B。
答案：B
4．Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?
A．Its phosphate mining cost much money.
B．It spent too much repairing the island.
C．Its leaders misused the money.
D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
解析：细节理解题。依据最终一段“the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”可知选C。
答案：C
5．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?
A．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.
B．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.
D．The phosphate mines were destroyed.
解析：推理推断题。依据“Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.”可知选B。
答案：B
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Mary was an university student.She didn't have much money and her parents were not rich, and she had an uncle who had been fortunately enough to collect great wealth.He always give her valuable Christmas and birthday presents.When her uncle's birthday came round, Mary wanted buy him something really special, but because she was rich, she did not know how to get him.She went into the best shop in her town and explained what her problem was to one of helpful shop assistant.Finally she asked, “What do you have for someone who has already got everything he wants or needs.”The assistant sighed deep and answered, “Envy, only envy.”
答案：Mary was university student.She didn't have much money and her parents were not rich, she had an uncle who had been enough to collect great wealth.He always her valuable Christmas and birthday presents.When her uncle's birthday came round, Mary wanted buy him something really special, but because was rich, she did not know to get him.She went into the best shop in her town and explained what her problem was to one of helpful shop .Finally she asked, “What do you have for someone who has already got everything he wants or needs.” The assistant sighed and answered, “Envy, only envy.”
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