资源描述
六年级名词专题(一)
精品资料
小升初精英班名词与介词专题
名词
一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别
可数名词:表示可以按个数计算的的人或事物,如:worker, farmer, desk, factory 等。
不可数名词:表示不能按个数来计算的的事物,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等;以及表示动作、状态等抽象概念的单词,如work, homework, time, health等。
二、关于可数名词
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:
情况
加法
例词
一般情况
加s
brothers; schools
以s, x, ch, sh,结尾的词
加es
buses; watches; dishes
以辅音+y结尾的词
把y改为i,加es
ladies; countries
以辅音+o 结尾的词
多数加s
photos; kangaroos
以f或fe结尾的词
把f/fe改成ves
leaves; knives
* 以o结尾的名词,分两种情况:
(1)有生命的,单数变复数时加es。
hero, mango, potato, tomato
(2)没有生命的,如zoo,piano,单数变复数时直接加s。
三、不规则名词
1.不规则名词单复数变化
(1)单复数同形:sheep, deer, fish
(2)改变字母:man --men, woman --women,
foot --feet, tooth --teeth,
goose --geese, mouse –mice
(3)增加字母: child --children, ox --oxen
2.关于国籍的名词单复数变化:
Chinese —— Chinese Japanese —— Japanese
Englishman——Englishmen Frenchman ——Frenchmen
American —— Americans German —— Germans
3.关于货币的名词单复数变化:
美元: dollar—— dollars
人民币:yuan ——yuan
四、关于不可数名词
(1)不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如:The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。
(2)有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。如:
water (水) → waters (水域)
fish(鱼)→ fishes(各种各样的鱼)
四、合成名词的复数形式:
①含boy, girl, lady等的合成的名词,它们始终为单数,其后的名词则用复数形式。如:boy students, girl friends。
②含man,woman的合成名词,它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如:a man doctor, two men doctors。
练一练:
一、用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?
2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.
4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5. There are five________(people ) in his family.
6. Let's take________(photo), OK?
7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.
9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.
10. Their________(dictionary) look new.
五、名词所有格
1.’s型用法(有生命的所有格)
有生命的所有格,用’s。如:李平的自行车Li ping’s bike
(1)表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有)时,只需要后一个名词加's(或')即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有),则每个名词词尾都加上's(或')。例如:
Tom and Mary’s father (两人同一个父亲)
Tom’s and Mary’s fathers (指Tom和Mary各自的父亲)
(2)表某人家,店铺名称,常省去所有格后的名词.
at my uncle’s at the tailor’s
(3)表示时间,距离,集体,城市,国家,团体,机构等.
today’s newspaper
ten minutes’ walk
2.of 型(无生命名词所有格)
(1)房间的窗户the window of the room
我们学校的学生the students of our school
(2)双重属格:
既有~’s的属格,又有of~的属格。通常~’s属格表示所有关系,of属格表示部分与整体的关系。如:
a friend of my father’s; a book of Tom’s
练一练:
二、选择填空。
1.----How’s Joy’s skirt?
----Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.
A. her sister’s and Kate B. her sister and Kate
C. her sister and Kate’s D. her sister’s and Kate’s
2.Do you hear the ___________report?
A. policemen B. policemen’s
C. policemens’ D. policemens
3.It’s about __________walk from my home.
A. ten minute B. ten minutes’
C. ten minute’s D. ten minutes
4.This is my dress. That one is ______________.
A. Mary B. Mary’s
C. sister D. mother
5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ________ to his office.
A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk
C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
6.My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao.
A. ten days B. ten days’
C. ten-days D. ten day’s
7.Where have you been these days?
I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend __________.
A. in Chinese B. of Japan
C. of American’s D. from Canada
8.Whose bike is it ? It’s ____________.
A. John B. John’s
C. Johns’ D. Johns
三、用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman).
2.Taking twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health.
3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags.
4.Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year.
5. I’ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher)
6. It’s only ten __________walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)
7. It’s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum.
介词
一、常用介词at, in与on在时间方面的用法 :
1.at表示时间的一点,后常接几点几分,中午。如:at five o’clock (五点),at noon (中午),at midnight (半夜)。
2. in表示一个时期,后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如:
in 2006(2006年)
in the morning (上午)
in spring (春季)。
3. on表示特殊日子,后常接某月某日,星期几,某日或某周日的早上、下午及晚上,节日。如:
on Sunday (星期日),
on New Year’s Day (新年),
on New Year’s Eve (除夕)
二、我们常用的方位介词有:
in 在......内部;在......里面
on在某物的上面,两者互相接触。
over 在某物的上方,两者互相不接触。
under 在某物垂直的正下方
behind 在某物体的后面
near 在某物体的附近
beside 在······旁边
in front of在......的前面,与behind相反。
三、此外,还有学过的常用介词如下:
(1)表示方式: with,by,如:
She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。
I go to school by bike.
(2)表示原因:for,because of
We must start early, for it will take two hours to drive to the airport.
Because of the storm he didn't go there
(3)表示属性:of
Mr. Brown is a friend of mine
四、我们目前学过带有介词的短语:
agree with 同意
a lot of 许多、很多
ask for 要求
be good at 擅长于
by the way 顺便问一下
catch up with 追上
come from 来自
do well in 擅长于(相当于be good at)
get on well with 和·····相处得好
get to 到达
have been to 到过
Help yourself to······· 请随便·····
one of ·····之一
on foot 步行
on holiday 度假中
prefer ···to··· 比····更喜欢······
too······ to 太······以致不能······
练一练:
四、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
(1)Christmas is _______ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.
(2) The man_______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai's father.
(3) He doesn't do well _______ ( at, on, in ) PE.
(4) We are going to meet _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop _______ ( at, on, in ) half past ten.
(5) Is there a cat _______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?
(6) Helen's writing paper is _______ ( in, in front of ) her computer.
(7) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.
(8) Does it often rain _______ ( at, on, in ) spring there?
五、用适当的介词填空
1. The man ( ) blue is Jack’s father.
2. Who’ the girl ( ) small mouth?
3. You shouldn’t walk ( ) the grass.
4. Let’s hurry, we’re late ( ) the class.
5. Can you read the number ( ) one ( ) ten?
一
仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除 谢谢8
1. sheep
2. food
3. teeth
4. water
5. people
6. photos
7. tomatoes
8. leaves
9. children
10. dictionaries
二、DBBBDBDB
三、
1.Women’s
2. minutes’
3. women’s
4. three months’
5. Teachers’
6. minutes’
7. hour’s
四、(1)on (2)in (3)in (4)at, at
(5)behind (6)in front of (7)in (8)in
五、
1.in
2. with
3. on
4. for
5. from, to
一
1. sheep
2. food
3. teeth
4. water
5. people
6. photos
7. tomatoes
8. leaves
9. children
10. dictionaries
二、DBBBDBDB
三、
1.Women’s
2. minutes’
3. women’s
4. three months’
5. Teachers’
6. minutes’
7. hour’s
四、(1)on (2)in (3)in (4)at, at
(5)behind (6)in front of (7)in (8)in
五、
1.in
2. with
3. on
4. for
5. from, to
展开阅读全文