政法干警英语作文写作技省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

Elsie ShouMay 2rd,第1页1-英语作文评分标准英语作文评分标准l2分条理不清，思绪紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子都有错误，且多数为严重错误。l5分基本切题。表示思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多严重语言错误。l8分基本切题。有些地方表示思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。l11分切题。表示思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少许语言错误。l14分切题。表示思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。(注:白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立词而无法表示思想,则给0分。)第2页2-英语写作基本文体l2.1.提要作文 l提要作文实质上是说明文和议论文，其下可分为四种类型：l现象阐释型:1月四级作文考题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.l 1.当前社会上存在许多不老实现象；l 2.老实利人利已，做人应该老实。第3页2-英语写作基本文体l问题对策型：分析问题，找出成因，提出处理方法，题目实比如下：l1997年6月四级英语作文真题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus.You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:l1.大学生了解社会必要性；l2.了解社会路径（大众媒介、社会服务等）；l3.我打算怎么做。第4页2-英语写作基本文体l观点对比型辨析两种对立观点，题目实比如下：l1995年1月四级作文真题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Can Money Buy Happiness?You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:l1.有些人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）l2.也有些人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）l3.我看法第5页2-英语写作基本文体l观点论证型支持或驳斥一种观点，题目实比如下：l1998年6月四级作文真题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Do“Lucky Numbers”Really Bring Good Luck?You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:l1.有些人认为某些数字会带来好运；l2.我认为数字和运气无关，第6页2-英语写作基本文体l2.2 图表作文l近十年来图表作文只考过一次柱状图 l情景作文实质是记叙文，主要考过以下类型：lA.书信 l（1）通知信/提议信:1月 四级作文真题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friends inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:l1.提议报考专业及理由；l2.报考该专业基本条件；l3.应该怎样备考。l注意：年浙江省政法干警招录考试英语作文题材为应用文书信类第7页2-英语写作基本文体l（2）综合信 l1月四级作文真题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus You should write at least 120 words,and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:l假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂情况给校长写一封信，内容应包括食堂饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，能够是表彰，能够是批评提议，也能够兼而有之第8页2-英语写作基本文体lB.演讲致辞 l1月四级作文真题 lDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.lA Campaign Speech l1.你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，兴趣)能够胜任学生会主席工作，l2.假如当选你将会为本校同学做什么？第9页3-英语作文可能出现题目1 1）考试命题作文大都是议论文结构，普通来说题目）考试命题作文大都是议论文结构，普通来说题目内容应该是考生所熟悉，能够有话可说，如那些内容应该是考生所熟悉，能够有话可说，如那些社会热点问题就是经常出题目。社会热点问题就是经常出题目。2 2）但不是全部热点问题都会成为考试题目。考试题）但不是全部热点问题都会成为考试题目。考试题目还要和考试对象文化背景，年纪特点相一致，目还要和考试对象文化背景，年纪特点相一致，所以相关大学生生活，学习，理想等题目经常出所以相关大学生生活，学习，理想等题目经常出现。现。3 3）作文题目会考虑到考生语言水平，也就是说学生）作文题目会考虑到考生语言水平，也就是说学生要求掌握词汇和结构能否足够表示所考题目。要求掌握词汇和结构能否足够表示所考题目。第10页3-英语作文可能出现题目热点话题：热点话题：Economy Economy Society Society Science and technology Science and technology Media Media Entertainment Entertainment Education Education Environment Environment第11页l1.正反观点型：正反观点型：要不要取消春晚l大学校园是否要开放l口语考试要不要考 精读还是泛读l幸运数字带不带来好运l钱能带来幸福是否l对失败态度l优缺点型：娱乐活动益处和坏处l双休日带来好处和坏处l面试优点l2.原因现象分析题：原因现象分析题：选择选修课原因l选择大学任课教师 l做人要老实l不要犹豫说“不”原因等l假冒伪劣产品l纯净水短缺l我最喜爱电视节目及原因l绿化城市好处和怎样实现第12页l3.处理问题型：处理问题型：怎样取得面试成功l怎样支付大学学费l怎样了解社会路径l我理想工作及怎样准备l怎样克服英语学习中困难l图表：大学生使用计算机l人们饮食改变l4.信件：信件：欢迎加入社团l招募志愿者活动辞l给老师感激信l竞选学生会演讲稿l导游介绍l提议朋友报考专业信l帮助同学感想l食堂投诉信l同学来访度假安排信第13页2.各种题型写作方法 对比选择型：基本方法为：阐述一个观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确理由;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。观点论证型：基本方法为：分析主题得出结论举例论证得出结论(证实观点正确性)。现象解释型：基本方法为：描述现象分析原因对现象做出预测或怎样促进(限制)这种现象深入发展。问题处理型：基本方法为：提出问题分析问题处理问题。应用文基本方法为：分析所给情景选择写作方法。第14页写作写作“七项基本标准七项基本标准”1、长短句标准、长短句标准lAs a creature,I eat;as a man,I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind,they are in a way quite similar.l强烈提议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个关键点时候采取先短后长句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾普通用一长一短就能够了。第15页2、主题句标准、主题句标准l主题句通常放在句首lTo begin with,you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）.Without sufficient preparation,you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.第16页3、阐述观点一二三标准、阐述观点一二三标准l（1）first,second,third,last（不推荐，原因：俗）l（2）firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally（不推荐，原因：俗）l（3）the first,the second,the third,the last（不推荐，原 因：俗）l（4）in the first place,in the second place,in the third place,lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）l（5）to begin with,then,furthermore,finally（强烈推荐）l（6）to start with,next,in addition,finally（强烈推荐）l（7）first and foremost,besides,last but not least（强烈推荐）l（8）most important of all,moreover,finallyl（9）on the one hand,on the other hand（适合用于两点情况）l（10）for one thing,for another thing（适合用于两点情况）第17页4、短语优先标准、短语优先标准l写作时，尤其是在考试时，假如使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，假如老师们看到你文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识短语，你得分率将会降低；相反，假如发觉一些精彩短语，你文章定会得高分。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个方法！比如：lI cannot bear it.能够用短语表示：I cannot put up with it.lI want it.能够用短语表示：I am looking forward to it.第18页5、多实少虚标准、多实少虚标准l原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。所谓虚词是指那些比较大词。比如我们说一个很好时候，不应该只说nice这么空洞词，应该使用一些诸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,hospital之类形象词。再比如：l走出房间，general词是：walk out of the rooml不过小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the rooml小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the rooml小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the rooml老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room第19页6、多变句式标准、多变句式标准（1）加法（串联）加法（串联）l写长句方法就是这些，能够在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.l假如是二者并列，我们能够用一个超级句式：Not only the fur coat is soft,but it is also warm.l其它短语能够用：besides,furthermore,likewise,moreover第20页（2）转折（拐弯抹角）转折（拐弯抹角）批评某人缺点时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，写文章时候只要在关键点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个转折词就够了。lThe car was quite old,yet it was in excellent condition.lThe coat was thin,but it was warm.更多短语：ldespite that,still,however,nevertheless,in spite of,despite,notwithstanding第21页（3）因果（）因果（so,so,so）昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友可见，讲故事时候我们总要追求先后次序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示是先后或因果关系！lThe snow began to fall,so we went home.更多短语：lthen,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,as a result,for this reason,so that第22页（4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）文章中假如出现失衡句子，更会让考官看到你句子与众不一样。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句变形。This is what I can do.lWhether he can go with us or not is not sure.一样主语、宾语、表语能够改成以下复杂成份：lWhen to go,Why he goes away第23页（5）附加（多此一举）附加（多此一举）在句子中穿插定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语，使句子有改变。lThe man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.lI dont enjoy that book you are reading.lMr liu,our oral English teacher,is easy-going.附加法其实很简单：同位语要解释东西删除后不影响整个句子组成；定语从句借用之前关键词而且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，不过whom/that关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。第24页（6）排比（排山倒海句）排比（排山倒海句）l文学作品中最吸引人地方莫过于此，假如非要让你文章愈加精彩话，那么我希望你引用一个个排比句，一个个对偶句，一个个不定式，一个个地词，一个个短语，如此表示将会使文章有排山倒海之势！lWhether your tastes are modern or traditional,sophisticated or simple,there is plenty in London for you.lNowadays,energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil,coal,natural gas,solar heat,the wind and ocean tides.lWe have got to study hard,to enlarge our scope of knowledge,to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（气势恢宏）第25页7、挑战极限标准、挑战极限标准 既然是挑战极限，必定是比较难，不过并非不可攀！原理：在学生文章中，极少发觉诸如独立主格句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟时间看看就能够领会，它就是分词一个特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：lThe weather being fine,a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.lAfrica is the second largest continent,its size being about three times that of China.第26页议论文写作基本模式n议论文已经成为各类等级考试作文绝对主流，不论是学生还是老师，都对这类题目进行了充分准备。对于这种类型文章，写作框架以下：第一段：现象背景介绍第一段：现象背景介绍+引出话题（公众观点引出话题（公众观点+大约理由）；大约理由）；第二段：关于话题相关原因（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第二段：关于话题相关原因（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第三段：陈说自己观点或预期未来。第三段：陈说自己观点或预期未来。组成一篇文章三要素是：结构，内容和语言结构，内容和语言。对于这类型文章，同学们是极难在结构上略胜一筹；至于详细内容，也完全不需要推陈出新，因为批卷老师是完全没有时间仔细看理由。所以，怎样表达我们写作能力和文章价值，关键在于文章遣词造句质量。这类文章高分标准为：第一，在文章中必须有五个左右衔接词，来表达逻辑性。第二，用词尽可能防止重复，表达语言灵活和升级。第三，尽可能使用非陈说句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等。第27页议论文模版议论文模版1-观点论证型nSome people believe(argue,recognize,think)that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me,I agree to the former/latter idea.n There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all,论据1.More importantly,论据2.Most important of all,论据3.In summary,总结观点.As a college student,I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above,we can predict that 预测.第28页nPeople hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点1,while others point out that 观点2.As far as I am concerned,the former/latter opinion holds more weight.nFor one thing,论据1.nFor another,论据2.nLast but not the least,论据3.nTo conclude,总结观点.As a college student,I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above,we can predict that 预测.议论文模版议论文模版2-观点论证型第29页议论文模版议论文模版3-观点论证型 There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side,firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned,the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.nFirst of all,论据1。nFurthermore,论据2。nAmong all of the supporting evidences,one is the strongest.That is,论据3。nA natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。nAs a college student,I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above,we can predict that 预测.第30页议论文议论文-对比选择型对比选择型Model 1It is a new thing that credit cards have been widely used by college students.Many people welcome this new development while others have expressed their concern about this.Those who take sides against this new trend believe that because some college students have no proper sense of consumption.One common argument,however,for the using of credit cards on campus_ is that some college students have no proper sense of consumption.Of the two views discussed above,I am in favor of the former.My reason is that if college students realize the advantages of using credit cards,they will accept this modern way of consumption.第31页Model 2 As is known to all,there has been a wave of _.There are many advantages(disadvantages)of this modern way.First of all,_.In the second place,_.Lastly,_.In a word,_.议论文议论文-对比选择型对比选择型第32页Model 3 When asked about _,different people will offer different opinions.Some people take it for granted that _.In their mind,_.Besides,_.However,others hold that _.They maintain that _.Weighting up these two arguments,I am for the first one.For one thing,_.For another,_.Therefore,as stated above,_.议论文议论文-对比选择型对比选择型第33页Model 4_ is becoming more popular in _,especially among _.Today,its certainly difficult to think of _.There are several reasons for its popularity.First,_.Second,_.However,in terms of _.议论文议论文-对比选择型对比选择型第34页Model(1)Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_.Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending moneyIn my opinion,I think this question should be probed in depth.On one hand,the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards.On the other hand,the second group seems not quite right because there are really some college students who have no self-control when it comes the spending of money.In a word,we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards.Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them.说明文-现象解释型第35页nModel(2)It becomes a common tendency these days for people to _.Many people are opposed to _ because they think_.They also argue that _.In my mind,however,I cant agree with _.At the same time,_.In addition,_.In conclusion,_.说明文-现象解释型第36页nModel(3)n_ has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world.More and more people tend to concern the _,because it is so _ that _.The advantages of _ are obvious to some people.For one thing,in terms of _,_.As a result,_.Consequently,_.For another thing,_.Personally,I side with the former opinion.Because _.However,_.说明文-现象解释型第37页nModel(4)Presently,one phenomenon calls for people s attention that _.In general,_.For one thing,_.(For example,_.)For another,_.As far as I am concerned,_.To sum up,_.说明文-现象解释型第38页3.说明文说明文-问题处理型问题处理型Model(1)If you fail the exam what will you feel?Of course,you will feel sad because you have to go over what you have learned again.Besides this,there are also other reasons for your sorrow.For one thing,you will not allowed to have a further study on this subject,For another,your parents and your teachers will be very disappointed at you.No easy solution can be taken to cope with the problem of usingdisposable plastic bags,but if we want to make our environment clean,we must take certain measures.Therefore,my viewpoint is that our government should at first ban the producing of disposable plastic bags.There is no doubt that this is the most effective way of solving this problem.第39页Model(2)From above,we can find that the reasons why credit cards are very popular,are as follows,the primary reason,I think,is that using credit cards is very convenient.For example,you can put lots of money into one card instead of cash.However,you must remember the code of each credit card.Second,if your credit card is lost,you can easily apply for a new one without losing money in it.The third reason actually is the result of college students sense of consumption.3.说明文说明文-问题处理型问题处理型第40页writing task:Recreational activitiesDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Recreational activities.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.娱乐活动各种多样各种多样。2.娱乐活动能够使人们受益，也可能带来危害。3.作为大学生，我认为第41页Recreational activitiesP1。Everyone needs some recreational activities to help them relax after a days work or study.And there are many recreational activities available to us in todays society.For example,sports fans may choose to play basketball or football.Or one may take a break by watching TV or listening to music.P2。Among the large number of recreational activities,some are carefully designed and can be beneficial to us.For example,playing basketball can help us get stronger and healthier.It can also enrich friendships while we play together with our teammates.However,some activities may cause harm,especially to young people who are curious about everything but are unable to control themselves.Playing computer games is one such activity.Many college students play them every day.Some students even develop addictions and skip school or stay up late into the night to play them.This can affect their study and health.第42页P3。As college students,we should strike a balance between work and rest.bRecreation is of great importance to our life,but study is our primary task.If we want to play,we need to know clearly which activities are good and which are bad.At the same time,we should exercise self-control so t