外研版八年级下册单词表单词用法详解.doc

外研版英语初二下册单词详解
Module 1
1.smell [smel] v. (smelled/smeld/, smelled/smeld/; smelt/smelt/, smelt/smelt/)有…的气味；闻; n. 气味
It smells delicious.
2.soft [sɒft] adj. 软的；柔软的---hard 硬的
3.sour['saʊə(r)] adj. 酸的；馊的
go sour 变酸
4.cookie ['kʊkɪ] n. 小甜饼；曲奇饼--cookies
5.pizza ['pi:tsə] n. 比萨饼
6.lovely['lʌvlɪ] adj. 令人愉快的；可爱的
7.done [dʌn] adj. 做完的
do---did---done
be done 做完; 完成 My homework is done.
8.try [traɪ] n. 尝试；努力
have a try 试一下；尝一尝
try to do sth 尽力做某事
I will try to finish the work today.
try one’s best to do sth 竭尽全力做某事
I will try my best to help you.
9.pie [paɪ] n. 馅饼；派 ---pies
10.sound [saʊnd] v. 听起来；n. 声音
Sounds great.
11.sweet tooth 对甜食的爱好
have a sweet tooth 喜欢甜食
12.salt[sɔ:lt] n. 盐；食盐---salty 咸的
13.jam[dʒæm] n. 果酱
traffic jam 交通堵塞
14.for [fɔ:; fə] 用于；（表示持续时间）达, 计
15.favourite['feɪvərɪt] n. 最喜欢的人或事

16.ear [ɪə] n. 耳朵 --ears
17.glasses['glɑ:sɪz] n. [用复数]眼镜
a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
18.jeans [dʒi:nz] n. [用复数]牛仔裤
a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤
19.nervous ['nə:vəs] adj. 情绪不安的；
紧张的 nervously adv.
be nervous about… 对…感到紧张
I am nervous about the coming exam.
20.fair [feə] adj.（头发）金色的，浅褐色的
公平的；公正的 it’s not fair.
博览会 book fair 书展
21.pretty ['prɪtɪ] adj.秀丽的；标致的adv. 相当
22.proud [praʊd] adj. 感到自豪的；骄傲的
be proud of… 为……而感到骄傲
We are proud of the Great Wall.
take pride in…为……而感到骄傲
We take pride in the Great Wall.
23.stranger['streɪndʒə] n. 陌生人
strange---stranger---strangers
24.message ['mesɪdʒ] n.电子邮件；口信；messages
send a short message 发条短信
take a message 捎个信
leave a message 留个信
25. sb. can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事
I can’t wait to meet you.
26.hobby ['hɒbɪ] n. 业余爱好 ---hobbies
What’s your hobby?
27.at school [sku:l]上学；在学校
28.in [ɪn] prep. 参加；加入；在……期间; 用，按照，以（某方式或风格）
29.mark [mɑ:k] n. 分数 ;标记 marks
point / grade/ score/ mark分数
make a mark 做标记
get good marks 考得好 get bad marks
30.love [lʌv] n.（用于信尾）爱你的……
Module 2
1.ever ['evə] adv. 曾经；从来；在任何时候
(现在完成时标志词，位于过去分词前)
Have you ever visited the museum?
2.enter ['entə] v. （使）参加；（使）报名
进入=go into… enter the room
enter the competition 参加比赛
petition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] n. 比赛；竞争
competitions
4.prize [praɪz] n. 奖品；奖项 --- prizes
the first prize 一等奖
price 价格
win the first prize 获一等奖
5.dream [dri:m] n. 梦；梦想；---dreams
v. (dreamed/dri:md/, dreamed; dreamt/dremt/, dreamt)做梦；梦到；梦想
I had a terrible dream. 我做了一个可怕的梦。
dream of doing sth 梦想做某事
He dreams of travelling to the moon.
6.afford [ə'fɔ:d] v. (有财力)买得起，付得起
I can’t afford the car.
can’t afford to buy…买不起…
I can’t afford to buy the car.
7.write about 编写；写作(wrote; written)
8.make up 编写；创作；编造 (made)
Don’t make up any excuses. 不要编造借口。
9.invite [ɪn'vaɪt] v. 邀请
invite sb to do sth
He invited his friends to watch a movie.
10.move [mu:v] v. 搬家；移动
move to …搬到… move to Beijing
11.send [send] v.（sent, sent） 派遣去；发送
send sb to do sth 派某人做某事
The boss sent him to work in Beijing.
12.Germany [ˈdʒɜ:məni:] n. 德国
German 德语；德国人---Germans
13.France [frɑ:ns] n. 法国 French 法语
14.tower ['taʊə] n. 塔 towers
15.ancient ['eɪnʃənt] adj. 古老的；古代的
☆modern 现代的
16.king [kɪŋ] n. 国王；君王
17.queen [kwi:n] n. 女王；王后
18.Arabic [ˈærəbɪk] n. 阿拉伯语
19.way [weɪ] n. 方式;方法；方面; 道路 (ways)
He is like his father in many ways.
In this way, you can learn English well.
这样，你就能学好英语。
20.mix [mɪks] v. 相混合；融合
mix A with B 把A和B混合在一起
21.miss [mɪs] v. 惦念；怀念；想念
22.count [kaʊnt] v. 数；清点
The little boy can count from 1 to 100.
23.count down 倒数；倒计时
Module 3
1.earth [ɜ:θ] n. 地球; 泥土 on the earth
2.moon  [muːn] n. 月亮；月球 on the moon
3.news [nju:z] n. 新闻；消息(不可数)
a piece of news/ some news
newspaper报纸(可数)
4.planet ['plænɪt] n. 行星（planets）
5.reach [ri:tʃ] v. 到达；达到（数量）抵达
(及物动词)
☆reach sw到达某地 He reached Beijing at 8.
☆get to sw He got to BJ at 8./ get there
☆arrive in / at sw He arrived in Bj at 8.
☆arrive at the station.
☆He hasn’t arrived.
6.yet [jet] adv. 还，尚（表示某事尚未发生，但未来也许可能发生）现在完成时的标志词。
常位于句末。
① 用于疑问句：表示“已经”
Have you finished your homework yet?
Not yet.
② 用于否定句：表示“还没…”
Tom hasn’t arrived yet.
7.just [dʒʌst] adv. 刚刚；现在完成时的标志词。
位于have /has 后。
He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。
②just now 刚才 （一般过去时的标志词）
8.model ['mɒdl] n. 模型;模范 –models
9.spaceship [ˈspeɪsʃɪp] n. 航天器；宇宙飞船
10.project [prəˈdʒekt] n. 计划；工程；项目
--projects Project Hope 希望工程
11.no problem [ˈprɒbləm] 没问题（用于表示乐于做某人要求做的事）
12.latest [ˈleɪtɪst] adj. 最近的；最新的
① the latest…最新的;最近的 the latest news
② late 晚;迟 be late for…
Were you late again?
③ later 后来；…后
Three days later 三天后
13.on [ɒn] prep. 在（播放）中；关于…
14.discover [dɪ'skʌvə(r)] v. 发现；找到
☆discover 发现 发现世上本来就存在的东西
Columbus discovered the new land.
哥伦布发现了新大陆。
☆find 找到 发现 find out 弄清 查明
☆look for 寻找
☆invent 发明
15.astronaut [ˈæstrənɔ:t] n. 宇航员（可数）
16.space travel [speɪs] [ˈtrævl] 航天旅行
17.none [nʌn]prop. 一个也没有；一点也没有
① 表示“一个也没有；一点也没有；都不”
②none的反义词是all，③none ≥3者
④none 通常和of 连用none of them /us…⑤none 可以指人也可以指物。
例： None of the problems is easy to solve．
这些问题没有一个是容易解决的
None of us knows the answer.
18.environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] n. 环境
We need to protect the environment.
19.solar ['səʊlə(r)] adj. 太阳的；与太阳有关的
20.system ['sɪstəm] n. 系统；体系;制度
education system 教育体系
21.solar system太阳系
22.group [ɡru:p] n. 群；组；集团
work in groups 以小组形式活动
a group of students 一群学生
23.galaxy ['ɡæləksɪ] n. 星系
24.universe [ˈju:nɪvɜ:s] n. 宇宙
25.light [laɪt] n. 光线；光亮/灯 / 轻的
Traffic lights 交通灯 street lights 路灯
light 轻的---heavy 重的
26.impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] adj.不可能的
☆It’s impossible to do sth
☆polite礼貌的 ---impolite不礼貌的
27.out [aʊt] adv. 在远方
municate [kə'mju:nɪkeɪt] v. 联系；交流
communicate with sb 和某人交流
Do you often communicate with your parents?
Module 4
1.cough [kɒf] n. 咳嗽；v. 咳嗽
2.fever ['fi:və(r)] n. 发烧；发热
have a fever 发烧
3.headache [ˈhedeɪk] n. 头痛
have a headache 头疼
4.stomach ['stʌmək] n. 腹部；肚子
5.ache [eɪk] n. 痛；疼痛
6.stomach ache 胃疼；腹疼
have a stomachache肚子疼
7.toothache 牙痛
8.ill [ɪl] n.生病的；有病的 He is ill. 他生病了。
☆ill ---illness—illnesses n.疾病
9.since [sɪns] prep. 自…以来；conj. 自从
☆现在完成时的标志词。既可以作介词，也可以做连词。
☆He has made many friends since last year.
☆since 作连词时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
☆He has made many friends since he came
to China.
10.cold [kəʊld] n. 感冒；伤风
☆catch a cold [kætʃ] 感冒(非延续)
☆have a cold感冒（延续）
11.take [teɪk] v. （用机器）测定，量取；有规律的吃、喝
12.take sb’s temperature [ˈtemprətʃə(r)]量某人的体温
☆Have you taken your temperature?
13.fast food [fu:d] n. 快餐食品
14.health [helθ] n. 健康-- healthy adj健康的
☆He worries about his health.
☆Keep healthy
15.well [wel] adj. 健康的 adv. 好地good---well
He is well, He plays football well
16.heart [hɑ:t] n. 心脏 ---hearts
17.active [ˈæktɪv] adj. 积极的；活跃的
☆be active in doing 积极地做某事
☆active---activity
18.pet [pet] n. 宠物；宠畜→pets
19.member [ˈmembə(r)] n. 成员；会员→members
family member 家庭成员
20.take part in 参加，参与（某项活动）=join in
♠ I often take part in school activities.
☆join 加入（某个组织或团体）
→I’d like to join the football club.
21.condition[kənˈdɪʃn] n. 状况；身体状况
22.be in excellent condition [ˈeksələnt]
健康状况很好
23.sleepy['sli:pɪ] adj. 困的；想睡的
☆asleep adj. 睡着的 fall asleep 入睡
☆sleep n.&v. 睡觉；睡眠
24.then [ðen] adv. 当时；那时
25.daily ['deɪlɪ] adj. 每天的；天天的day---daily
26.weak[wi:k] adj. 弱的；虚弱的---strong
♠ be weak in… 在某方面弱/差
He is weak in Chinese
27.illness[ˈɪlnɪs] n. 病；疾病
ill---illness---illnesses
28.exercise ['eksəsaɪz] v.&n. 运动；锻炼
take/get exercise 锻炼身体
29.awful [ˈɔ:fl] adj. 极讨厌的；极坏的
feel awful 感到不舒服
30.all over 浑身；到处（常位于句末）
31.perhaps [pəˈhæps] adv. 可能；也许(句首)
Perhaps he won’t come .
Module 5

1.cartoon [kɑ:'tu:n] n. 漫画；动画片
→cartoon---cartoons
2.handsome ['hænsəm] adj. 漂亮的；英俊的
3.smart [smɑ:t] adj.机灵的；聪明的;时尚的
4.sky [skaɪ] n. 天；天空—in the sky
5.fight [faɪt] v. 与…战斗；打架 n. 斗争
（fought; fought）
☆ fight with sb 和某人打架
☆ He never fights with others.
☆ fight illness 与疾病作斗争
6.cool [ku:l] adj.时髦的；酷的
7.hero ['hɪərəʊ] n. 英雄；男主角---heroes
8.humorous[ˈhju:mərəs] adj.幽默的；滑稽的
☆humour n.幽默
☆sense of humour 幽默感
9.can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
We couldn’t help laughing when we heard the funny story.
听到这个滑稽的故事我们禁不住笑起来。
10.laugh [lɑ:f] v. 笑；发笑
☆ laugh at sb 嘲笑某人
☆ We shouldn’t laugh at others.
11.lesson ['lesn] n. 经验；教训---lessons
have a good lesson 得到教训
12.orange-and-white ['ɒrɪndʒ] adj.橙白相间的
13.ugly ['ʌɡlɪ] adj.难看的；丑陋的
→beautiful
14.win the heart of sb. 赢得某人的心(won)
= be popular with… 受到…的欢迎
The cartoon has won the hearts of children.
这部卡通片赢得了孩子们的心。
15.schoolbag ['sku:lbæg] n. 书包
16.lead [li:d] v. 领导；率领(led; led)
lead ---leader n.领导人
lead the way 领路
lead to 导致=cause
What led to the accident?
什么导致了这场事故？
17.clever ['klevə(r)] adj.聪明的；机灵的
It’s clever of you. 你真聪明。
18.as [əz] conj. ①当……时;（一边…一边…）
He sang as he worked.他边工作边唱歌。
② 正如 As we all know, 众所周知，
③ 随着 As time goes by, 随着时间的流逝
④ 按照 You must do as what I say.
你必须按照我说的去做。
⑤ 作为 As students, we must study hard.
19.mess [mes] n. 脏乱；凌乱
*in a mess 一片狼藉 ---tidy(整洁的)
Look！ Your room is in a mess.
l make a mess 弄得乱七八糟
l Don’t make a mess at home.
20.heaven ['hevn] n. 天国；天堂
21.expect [ɪk'spekt] v. 期盼；等待
☆ expect to do sth
I expect to hear from you.
☆expect sb to do 期待某人做某事
I expect you to change your mind.
我期待你改变主意。
22.artist [ˈɑ:tɪst] n. 艺术家；画家
☆art---artist---artists
23.invent [ɪn'vent] v. 发明；创造
☆ invention n. 发明 ---inventor 发明者
Bell invented the phone. 贝尔发明了电话。
China’s four great inventions 中国的四大发明
24.copy['kɒpɪ] n. （一）本；（一）份
v.复制；抄袭（copies）
☆ a copy of newspaper
☆ Don’t copy others’ homework.
25.black-and-white adj. 黑白的
26.own [əʊn] adj. 自己的 V.拥有
→one’s own 某人自己的 my own room
→my own 我自己的 myself 我自己
→He owns a large house.他拥有一个大房子。
→on one’s own =alone 独自
27.private ['praɪvət] adj. 私人的；个人的
→private cars 私家车
private letters 私人信件
private school 私立学校
28.create [krɪ'eɪt] v. 创造
eg. God created the world.
上帝创造了世界。
→creation n. —creative adj. 有创造性的
29. satisfy [ˈsætɪsfaɪ] v. 满足；使满意
→satisfied adj. 满意的(修饰人)
→satisfying adj. 令人满意的（修饰物）
→be satisfied with… 对…感到满意
=be pleased with
I am satisfied with your work.
→be satisfied to do sth
I am satisfied to win the first prize.

Module 6
1.fan [fæn] n. 扇子; 爱好者 ---fans
2.stamp [stæmp] n. 邮票---stamps
→collect stamps
3.tidy up (动词词组)使整齐；使整洁→→
→He tidies up his room every day.
4.shelf [ʃelf] n. 隔板；架子---shelves
→book shelf 书架
5.have a look 看一看
→have a look at … 看一下…
May I have a look at your camera?
6.as [əz] prep. 作为；当
→Mo Yan is famous as a writer.
As students, we should work hard.
7.coin [kɔɪn] n. 硬币---coins (cent 美分)
8.note [nəʊt] n. 纸币，便条; 笔记---notes
9.pound [paʊnd] n. 英镑(货币单位); ---pounds
磅（重量单位）---pounds
Three pounds of meat
10.dollar ['dɒlə(r)] n.（美、加拿大,澳等国）元
→dollars
11.must [məst] v.aux. 一定，肯定（用于表示某事可能是真实的）
He must be at home./ He must be a student.
12.valuable [ˈvæljuəbl] adj. 值钱的；有价值的
→value n. 价值；有用性
13.with [wɪð] prep. 用……
14.value ['vælju:] n. 价值；有用性
15.just [dʒʌst] adv. 只是；仅仅 ---only
16.person ['pɜ:sn] n. 人（通常指成年人）
→persons personal 个人的
→people (本身就是复数，无单数)
17.interest ['ɪntrəst] n. 兴趣；爱好---interests
→interesting 有趣的；令人感兴趣的
→interested 感兴趣的
→be interested in… 对…感兴趣
He is interested in reading.
18.skill [skɪl] n. 技能；技艺---skills
eg. life skills 生活技能
19.activity [æk'tɪvətɪ] n. 活动---activities
→active n. 积极的
→be active in doing sth 积极地做某事
20.sailing [ˈseɪlɪŋ] n. 航海；航行
→sail v. 航行
e out 出版；问世；出来
→His book came out last week.
他的书上周出版了。
22.result [rɪ'zʌlt] n. 结果；后果（results）
23.as a result， 结果；因此(后加逗号)
24.pleasure ['pleʒə(r)] n. 愉悦；快乐
→pleasant adj 令人愉快的
→With pleasure. 非常乐意
---Can you help me with my English?
---With pleasure.
My pleasure. 不客气= You are welcome.
25.success [sək'ses] n. 成功；成就
→get success 取得成功。
→success ---successful---successfully
→succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing
He succeeded in passing the exam.
Module 7
1.list[lɪst] n. 名单；清单
→make a list 列清单
Make a shopping list. 列一个购物清单
2.crazy ['kreɪzɪ] adj. 发疯的；荒唐的
eg. You must be crazy. 你一定疯了。
→be crazy about 痴迷于…(表示特别喜欢)
Eg. He is crazy about basketball.
3.at the end of 在……的结尾（或末端）
eg. At the end of the month 在月末
4. at the end of the street. 在街道的尽头
→in the end 最后= at last
Eg. He won the match in the end.
5.shorts [ʃɔ:ts] n. 【用复数】短裤
6.trousers [ˈtraʊzəz] n. 【用复数】裤子---pants
7.sunglasses [ˈsʌnglɑ:sɪz] n. 太阳镜；墨镜
8.homestay ['həʊmsteɪ] n. 家庭寄宿
9.weigh [weɪ] v. 重量有…；重…
eg. The dog weighs about 20 pounds.
10.total ['təʊtl] adj. 总的；全部的
eg. the total weight 总重量
the total population 全部人口
11.weight [weɪt] n. 重量
→put on weight. 发胖
→lose weight. 减肥
12.passport ['pɑ:spɔ:t] n. 护照（passports）
13.culture ['kʌltʃə(r)] n. 文化
14.at the same time 同时
15.last [lɑ:st] v. 持续；延续
上一个 last week
How long does the film last? Two hours.
这部电影多长时间？ 两小时。
16.depend [dɪ'pend] v. 视……而定；决定于
depend on ①取决于；②依靠；依赖③信赖
eg.---Will we go on a trip?
---It depends on the weather.
我们去旅行吗？这取决于天气。
Eg. We shouldn’t depend on our parents too much. 我们不应该太依赖父母。
17.provide [prə'vaɪd] v. 提供；供应
→provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
=→provide sb with sth.
The Internet provides lots of information for us.
The internet provides us with lots of information.
18.test [test] v & n. 测验；考试
eg. I will test your English level .
我将测试你们的英语水平。
have a test 考试
→have an English test.考英语
19.exam n. 考试 The final exam. 期末考试
20.progress ['prəʊɡres] n. 进步；进展；（不可数） v. 推进
→make progress 取得进步
Make great progress 取得巨大的进步
Eg. Study hard and make progress every day.
好好学习，天天向上。
21.guest [ɡest] n. 客人；宾客(guests)
22.daily life ['deɪlɪ] 日常生活
23.form [fɔ:m] v. 形成；组成
n. 表格; 形式；
eg. 4 students form a group.
4个学生组成一个小组。
I told him the news in the form of a letter .
我以信的方式告诉了他这个消息。
24.friendship ['frendʃɪp] n. 友谊；友好
25.stay / keep in touch with sb.
与某人保持联系
eg. He still stays in touch with his old friends.
26.prefer [prɪ'fɜ:(r)] v. 更喜爱；钟爱=like…better
eg. I prefer apples.= I like apples better.
→prefer A to B 喜欢A不喜欢B
Eg. He prefers apples to bananas.
→prefer doing to doing
Eg. I prefer dancing to singing.
我喜欢跳舞不喜欢唱歌。
27.certain [ˈsə:tn] adj. 确定的；无疑的
→be certain of… 对…有把握
I’m certain of winning the match.
我有把握英这场比赛。
→It’s certain that…
It’s certain that the earth is round.
地球的确是圆的。
→certainly当然
28.fill [fɪl] v. 填满；填充
fill A with B 用B装满A
eg. Please fill the glass with water.
请把杯子里倒满水。
→be filled with… 装满…/盛满…/挤满…
The glass is filled with water.
杯子里装满了水。
→= be full of…
The glass is full of water.杯子里装满了水。
29. fill out 填写；填充
Module 8

1.hardly [ˈhɑ:dli] adv. 几乎不；几乎没
eg. He hardly plays games.
他几乎不玩游戏。
→hard 努力地; 困难的； 硬的
Work hard 努力学习
→almost / nearly 几乎
Almost no one can answer the question.
几乎没有人能回答这个问题。
2.take up 占据（时间或空间）
eg. The work took up two days.
这项工作占了两天的时间。
Eg. The piano takes up too much room.
这架钢琴占得地方太大了。
3.point out [pɔɪnt] 指出；指明
eg. He pointed out my mistak