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广州市第八十六中学教育集团
2023 级初二年级上学期期中质量检测英语试卷
考试时长：90 分钟 试卷满分：90 分
第 9页，共 10页
1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上； 如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域； 不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，交回答题卡。 一、语法选择（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Have you ever been to Egypt (埃及)? If you visit the country, you will find many big attractions like Pyramids (金字塔). They are one of 1 buildings in the world. Today, people look at them and ask, “Who built
2 ? Why? When? What is inside?”
3 years ago, some kings of Egypt wanted something to make people remember them, so they ordered their men 4 the pyramids. The idea worked and pyramids 5 .
Some pyramids are old. 6 are large. For example, the Pyramid of Khufu is over 146 metres high and is made 7 2,300,000 stones. Most of the stones are much 8 than a person. Over 10,000 workers spent about 20 years 9 the pyramid. As one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Pyramid of Khufu has become 10 famous place of interest. Every year, visitors from all over the world 11
to visit it and they 12 look at the view from its bottom.
How did ancient people build the pyramids? How did they carry and lift up the large stones? The stones fit (吻合) one another so well, 13 the people at that time didn’t have modern machines at all! Now scientists
14 hard to study the pyramids. However, 15 knows how ancient people built them.
1. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest
2. A. they
B. them
C. their
D. theirs
3. A. Thousands
B. Thousand
C. Thousands of
D. Thousand of
4. A. built
B. to build
C. building
D. build
5. A. appear
B. appears
C. appeared
D. will appear
6. A. Another
B. Other
C. The other
D. Others
7. A. on
B. by
C. of
D. in
8. A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. the tallest
9. A. complete
B. completed
C. to complete
D. completing
10. A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
11. A. came
B. come
C. comes
D. are coming
12. A. can
B. need
C. should
D. must
13. A. so
B. if
C. but
D. because
14. A. are working
B. works
C. worked
D. have worked
15. A. somebody
B. anybody
C. everybody
D. nobody
二、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived on a farm and there was no 16 . At night, they had to use oil lamps to see. Unluckily, oil was too expensive for his parents to buy.
William wanted to 17 the life there, but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill (风车).
“That is 18 !” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try.
First he had to 19 all the materials (材料). He dug through the rubbish with his cousin on the farms nearby and 20 doing so until he got what he wanted.
Then he started to make the windmill. Once he finished his farm work in the fields, he began to study the materials carefully, keeping 21 until midnight.
Finally, he realized his dream after he tried many times. He fixed (固定) the windmill on the top of a wood
tower to catch wind. The farmers came to look. A long wire was used to connect a 22 to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill 23 around. To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The farmers were all happy. William threw his hands in the air and jumped 24 . To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his farm.
Growing up in a poor family, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up all the 25 .
16. A. gas
B. water
C. Internet
D. electricity
17. A. protect
B. change
C. invent
D. understand
18. A. amazing
B. boring
C. worrying
D. important
19. A. buy
B. invent
C. collect
D. borrow
20. A. kept
B. practised
C. imagined
D. finished
21 A. happy
B. awake
C. young
D. clean
22. A. try
B. tower
C. bulb
D. dream
23. A. fell
B. flew
C. opened
D. turned
24. A. excitedly
B. hurriedly
C. carefully
D. worriedly
25. A. team
B. club
C. school
D. farm
三、阅读（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从 26~40 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（A）
Look it up
Here are two articles from an encyclopedia.
Diogenes
Diogenes (412 BC-323 BC) was an intelligent man in ancient Europe. For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. He only had three things—his clothes, a lantern (灯笼) and a bowl to eat with, but he was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a river, and then he threw away his bowl.
Diogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day. When people asked him why he carried the lantern, he would hold it up to their face, look at them and say, “I’m looking for an honest man.” (See
a )
Whales
Whales are the largest animals on Earth and they live in every ocean. The first fossil whales are found from rocks around 50 million years old. Some are 30 metres long and some are as heavy as 33 elephants.
Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物). Whales produce sounds that can be heard for miles underwater. They often use calls to sense (感知) the environment and to talk with each other.
Nowadays, some kinds of whales are in danger, even after years of protection. People kill at least 300,000 whales and dolphins each year by fishing. (See b )
26. According to the first article “Diogenes”, Diogenes .
A. carried his lantern because it was dark B. gave his cup to the boy by the river
C. encouraged people to live an easy life D. thought no one was honest in the world
27. What does the underlined word “they” in the second article refer to?
A. whales B. fish C. mammals D. sounds
28. Which of the following words can be put into “ a ” and “ b ”?
A. People; Science B. Art; Science C. Art; Earth history D. People; Earth history
（B）
Andrew was smart when he was young. He liked doing things in a way that he thought to be clever. But sometimes he made wrong decisions.
One day, his father gave him ten dollars and asked him to buy some goldfish. When he got to the market, he found that the killifish (鳉鱼) looked like goldfish and cost less. So he bought some killifish and kept the rest of the money for himself. When Andrew got home, he said he bought the right fish and gave them to his father. His father put the fish in the tank (鱼缸) without saying anything.
In fact, he knew his son didn’t buy the right fish. At the same time, he thought he should help his son grow in a
right way. The next day, he said to his son, “Andrew, what did you buy yesterday? Are they goldfish?” Andrew didn’t know what to say at that time. His father added, “I’m glad that you know how to save money. I also know
you are good at watching things around you. But it’s wrong to tell lies. Instead, you should do things honestly, or others will not believe in you.”
From then on, Andrew’s father often asked him to do some housework, like buying daily things and helping his uncle in the shop. He did such things in an honest way.
Several years later, Andrew became a successful businessman. When talking about the key to success, he said, “I want to thank my father. He has helped me know myself well and develop in a right way.”
29. What does the underlined word “lies” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. something not true B. news C. something different D. jokes
30. Which of the following is the right order according to the passage?
①Andrew’s father saw the killifish.
②Andrew helped his uncle in the shop.
③Andrew became a successful businessman.
④Andrew got ten dollars from his father.
A. ①③④② B. ③④①② C. ④①②③ D. ③①④②
31. Why did Andrew thank his father?
A Because his father helped him find a good job.
B. Because his father helped him develop in a right way.
C. Because his father taught him how to look after himself.
D. Because his father told him the importance of helping others.
32. Where can you probably read the article?
A. In a travel guide. B. In a science magazine. C. In a story book. D. On a shopping website.
42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松)
The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens (雅典). He ran so fast that
Eleven and Twelve
The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif” — “two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know.
（C）
28 Days in February
Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days. The second king of Rome changed the old calendar. He added 50 days for January and February. To make the new months longer, he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year, but February still had 28 days. That’s how it became the shortest month.
he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games started in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924, the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon.
33. Which language do eleven and twelve come from?
A. English. B. German. C. French. D. Russian.
34. The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because .
A. the British was bad at Maths B. the British didn’t like the Greek story
C. the British wanted to run longer D. the British wanted to make it different
35. What can we know from the passage?
A. People have found out why 13—19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve.
B. There used to be 340 days a year in the first Roman calendars.
C. Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to carry the good news.
D. February has become the longest month in a year.
36. What is the purpose (目的) of the passage?
A. To show the use of some numbers. B. To tell the stories of some numbers.
C. To give advice on how to count numbers. D. To introduce where the numbers come from.
（D）
The smartphone and the computer are two important inventions in our daily life. They help us in many ways, but they may also lead to health problems.
First, looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry. It is not good for your eyesight. To help your eyes keep healthy, you can follow the “20-20-20” rule—after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Next other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones. When we write a lot of
text messages (信息), we can develop “texting thumbs (拇指)”. It will stop us from holding things well. So we have to exercise our thumbs and fingers from time to time.
In addition, smartphones could hurt our brain. One of the biggest problems is that using smartphones can have bad effects on our sleep. Doctors say the screen light keeps us from feeling sleepy. So they advise people not to use smartphones for at least one hour before sleeping.
Finally, another serious danger is Internet addiction (瘾). Many people go on the Internet to keep themselves
off feeling nervous, sad or lonely. Over time, they may start to be addicted to the Internet and feel worried if they’re not online. One way to work out this problem is to control the time they spend on the Internet.
All in all, make sure you follow the above advice to use your smartphone or your computer safely. Also, remember to enjoy your life more than just looking at the screens.
37. What does the first “20” in the “20-20-20” rule in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. How long you use your eyes. B. How often you take a break.
C. How far you look at things from you. D. How many things you need to do at the break.
38. How many health problems are mentioned in the passage?
A. Six. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
39. To keep off Internet addiction, what does the writer advise us to do?
A. Stay away from bad feelings. B. Control the time of using the Internet.
C. Use the Internet in a safe place. D. Stop using the Internet.
40. What is the structure of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
第二节 阅读填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读短文及文后 A~E 选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
More than two thousand years ago, people began to use an umbrella on rainy days. 41
In 1823 Macintosh, an Englishman, invented the rubber (橡胶) raincoat.
Columbus, a well-known Italian traveller, found the New World of America in 1492. He brought a lot of things from South America to Europe. 42 In 1770, people found that rubber could be used as coats.
Macintosh was a worker in an eraser factory in Scotland. One day, he spilled (洒出) some rubber liquid (液体)
over his coat carelessly when making erasers. He was too busy to clean it. 43 On the way home, it rained heavily. Without umbrella, Macintosh had to run home quickly. When he got home, he took off the wet coat.
44
“Why not make a rubber raincoat?” Macintosh thought. The next day, he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat. He wore the “rubber coat” on rainy days, took a walk outside and tested if it could really keep off the rain. Amazingly, the clothes inside the “rubber coat” were not wet at all. 45
A. In this way, Macintosh invented the rubber raincoat.
B. So he went back home wearing the dirty coat.
C. But people often found it hard to hold an umbrella while walking.
D. Rubber was one of them, but people didn’t know its use at that time.
E. To his surprise, the area of his coat with rubber wasn’t wet at all.
四、写作（共三节，满分 30 分）
第一节 语篇填词（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求 写出完整单词。
Alexander Graham Bell was an English inventor. He was b 46 in Scotland in 1847. He was a
w 47 man with many ideas to make things. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and ability in science. As he grew older, he learnt to c 48 many different things, like the telephone, the phonograph (留声机) and the aircraft. Among them, the telephone is one of the most famous inventions. H 49 , he failed many times before its invention. With his hard work, the first practical telephone finally came out in 1876. It was a great success. Now millions of people across the world love it. It has become one of the most p 50 tools in the world.
第二节 完成句子（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）
51. 为了让生活变得轻松
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