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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,读写任务专题复习,1/65,作文题特点,(1)话题：,均在课程标准或考试说明要求24个话题之内。,(2)题材：,贴近学生学习与生活，为考生所熟悉。,(3)概括：,普通是要求概括全文，但也可能要求概括其中某个小段落、某个人物或某个方面，如年高考题(仅此一年)。,2/65,(4)内容：,要求考生发表观点写作内容关键点明确，近四年高考中每年都有3条详细内容关键点。普通说来，考生都有话可写。,(5)词数：,从近四年高考改卷实际来看，似乎对字数没有严格要求。,以上四年高考满分作文，摘要在2638个词之间，符合约30个词要求；但发表观点部分，均大大超出120个词。,所以，写作时以表示思想为主，无须拘泥字数多少。,3/65,考生得分情况,本题满分25分，近四年全省高考考生得分率均在40%左右，即10分左右，还有很大上升空间。据此，该题是使你获取高分，与其它考生拉开距离有效突破口。,4/65,高考英语读写任务,任务,考查能力,1.概括短文内容关键点,阅读概括能力,语言组织能力,语言表示能力,篇章组织能力,2.发表看法/叙述相关经历,内容组织能力,分析问题、处理问题能力,5/65,任务一：概括短文关键点,常见错误,应对策略,1.无法抓住短文关键点,2.无法摆脱原文句子,a.仔细阅读全文；,b.找出关键词（句）;,c.理清关键词（句）间关系,d.借助关键词，用自己语言恰当地概括关键点。,6/65,任务二：发表看法/叙述相关经历,常见错误,应对策略,1.遗漏内容关键点,2.两部分之间衔接唐突,3.句式单一,紧紧围绕内容关键点，列出写作,提要,抓住两部分间内在联络,恰当使用过渡性连接词,恰当利用各种句式,简单句和复合句相结合，正确利用非谓语动词,7/65,解题步骤,(1),审题，明确题目要求,。,经过审题，搞清题目要求概括整篇文章内容关键点，还是文章中某个方面内容(如年)。,要明确文章主题、写作内容、主要时态和主体人称等问题。其中主体人称，就是要确定以第几人称进行写作。,8/65,(2),阅读，抓住内容关键点。,阅读短文，找出文章内容关键点。,议论文：,找出,论点、论据和结论,。其,关键是找出,主题句或结论句,。若文中,有一分为二观点，两种观点都要概括,，不要遗漏其中一方观点。,记叙文：,找出,时间,(when)，,地点,(where)，,什么人,(who)，做了,什么事,(what)，,结果,怎么样(how)等五要素。其中，,最主要关键点是“某人(who)做了做事(what)”,。若是,夹叙夹议,文章，还要加上,作者看法、观点、经验、感悟,等。,9/65,说明文和新闻报道,：,通常会有,中心句(多在首段,),，写概要时要注意找出,中心句,，抓住,关键词,。对现象分析型说明文，要找出“,现象,”“,造成这种现象原因,”“处理,这种现象或问题办法或提议,”。,讲话稿：,通常会,很明确地,表明观点或态度,，写概要时,要从讲话者言语中明确作者态度,，,把握作者写作目标,。或,先概括每段大意，进而归纳全文主旨,。,尤其提醒：,利用题中“写作内容”关键点，可了解阅读材料主旨大意，掌握概要写作方向,。,10/65,(3),概括，转述作者观点,。,在找出文章内容关键点后，就要,用自己话转述原文内容关键点,。要注意在用词或句式上做到,同义转换，防止剽窃之嫌,。,概括关键点,切忌加入自己观点,，一定要忠于原文,。,(4),过渡，引出自己观点,。,写了摘要后，,用句过渡话，再引出自己观点(赞成或反对)或引出类似故事。,11/65,篇章结构,读写任务篇章结构可大致描述为：,(1)标题。,(有时不一定要求拟标题),(2)第1段：,用一两句话概括所给短文内容关键点，约30词。提议控制在2535词之间。,(3)第24段：,发表看法或议论时，依照试题所给内容关键点(四年高考均为3个关键点)本身次序，标准上每个关键点单独写一个自然段，这不但确保写作内容覆盖全部写作点，而且层次清楚，让阅卷老师一目了然；若其中两条逻辑关系尤其紧密，也可用一个自然段来表示。,(4),最终依据需要，能够加一句,总结性,话。,12/65,Part One,How to grasp the main idea,of a passage-,In Task-Writing,?,13/65,准,全,用精炼语言概括出文章中心思想,要注意文章内涵和外延,把作者观点准确地,表示出来.,要排除掉那些片面内容和观点,选取包含文章,主要内容及作者观点,范围不宜过大或过小.,精,14/65,How to summarize a narration/story,:,Skill:,要素串联法,记叙文：,找出,时间,(when)，,地点,(where)，,什么人,(who)，做了,什么事,(what)，,结果,怎么样(how)等五要素。其中，,最主要关键点是“某人(who)做了做事(what)”,。若是,夹叙夹议,文章，还要加上,作者看法、观点、经验、感悟,等。,15/65,Express the main idea of Exe.1 in your own words using about 30 words.(5mins),16/65,Everyone has an experience they would rather not forget.Some are embarrassing,some are moving,and some teach us a lesson.Here is a story of mine.,Last Sunday I went fishing.After setting up my fishing rod with bait,I sat down on the bank of the lake.But two hours later,I didnt catch any fish.I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff,preparing to go back home.,Just then,I saw an old man sitting near me.To my surprise,his basket was full of fish,so I went over to him,wanting to know why.“Excuse me,but how long have you sat here?”I asked.“About four hours,”he answered.“Four hours?”I couldnt believe my ears.“Yes.Its very important to be patient,”the old man said.“Dont consider fishing a tiring sport.Just enjoy it.”Suddenly,I understood what he said.I must learn to be patient.Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently.I felt a fish touch the bait,but I didnt move and waited for the right moment to reel it in.At last,I caught it.This made me very happy.In the following six hours,I caught over 10 fish.,On my way home,I thought what had happened on the bank.I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience.,17/65,The story is about an unforgettable lesson of the writer from an old man while fishing,through which the writer realized patience was very important and that it was the secret of success.(33),18/65,You may begin like these:,1.The passage/story is mainly about(talks about),2.The writer/author tells us about,3.The passage narrates that,故事性阅读材料，应该用,最简练语言,来说明故事,讲述,了什么，不能拖泥带水，而且,最好讲述该故事给你启示或其中一个道理,。,19/65,How to summarize an argumentation,Skill:,议论三步法/段落合并法,议论文：,找出,论点、论据和结论,。其,关键是找出主题句或结论句,。若文中,有一分为二观点，两种观点都要概括,，不要遗漏其中一方观点。,20/65,Express the main idea of Exe.2 in your own words using about 30 words.(5mins),21/65,How to summarize an exposition,Skill:,中心句挖掘法,说明文和新闻报道：,通常会有,中心句(多在首段),，,写概要时要注意找出,中心句,，抓住,关键词,。对现象分析型说明文，要找出“现象”“造成这种现象原因”“处理这种现象或问题办法或提议”。,22/65,Express the main idea of Exe.3 in your own words using about 30 words.(5mins),23/65,Teamwork is about people working together as a team.The idea has spread from the world of sports to business.In the 21st century,as people and their work are becoming more technically advanced,working as a team makes it easier to get things done.,Some things cannot be done by people working individually.More complex goals usually require that people work together.Anyone who has ever been to a job interview will almost certainly have been asked what teamwork means to them.This is because companies want people who are team players,who can get along with their colleagues and work together in a group.Because teamwork is required by many organizations today,they will often organize team building events in an attempt to get people to work as a team than as individuals.,24/65,There are seven important skills that one must learn in order to be a successful team player.They are as follows:,Listening-listen and allow people to freely express their ideas.,Questioning-ask questions and discuss the objectives of the team.,Persuading-encourage people to exchange,defend,and rethink their ideas.,Respecting-treat others with respect and to support their ideas.,Helping-help ones partners,this is the general theme of teamwork.,Sharing-share ideas and resources with the team to create an environment of teamwork.,Participating-all members of the team are encouraged to participate in the team.,25/65,The passage,states,the importance of teamwork in business,and that,in a more competitive world,people must co-operate in order to achieve their goals.,Besides,seven teamwork skills are also described.(32),26/65,You may begin,like these:,1.It is stated in the article that,2.,In the passage,the,author states that,3.,The passage points out that,假如是,说明性,短文,你就必须用,概括,文字来说明某种现象。,27/65,Summary,1.,概括,要抓住关键点,语言精练:,阅读材料设计与“,写作内容,”设计应该是浑然一体。,假如给阅读材料是一个,故事,，,应该用,最简练语言,来说明故事,讲述,了什么，不能拖泥带水，而且,最好讲述该故事给你启示或其中一个道理,。,假如是,说明性或描述性,短文,你就必须用,概括,文字来说明某种现象。,假如是议论文阅读短文,则要尽可能客观简明地,转述,阅读材料观点。,28/65,Summary,2.,Focus on main ideas and,omit,(省去)examples,details,.(,重视大意，省去详细例子、细节,),3.Do not include your own opinion,but be sure to,use your own words.,.(,不能添加自己见 解，不过要用自己语言概括,）,4.,Write it in the,third,person.（第三人称）,5.Control the number of words about 30.(25-40个字之内不会造成扣分),6.,How to check the summary:看关键点看人称看时态看语法看结构,29/65,Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women.Career women are healthier than housewives.Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the job-holders.A study shows that whenever the employment rate increases by 1%,the death rate increase correspondingly(对应地)by 2%.All this comes down to one point:work is helpful to health.,Why is work good for health?It is because work keeps people busy,away from loneliness.Researches show that people feel unhappy,worried and lonely when they have nothing to do.Instead,the happiest are those who are busy.Work serves as a bridge between man and reality.By work,people come into contact with each other.By collective activities,they find friendship and warmth.This is helpful to health.The loss of work means the loss of everything.It affects man spiritually and makes him likely to disease.,Besides,work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement.Work makes one feel his value and status in society.When a writer finishes his writing or teacher sees his students grow,they are happy beyond words.,30/65,The author highlights,the effect of work on peoples health,because it can rid one of loneliness,and,make one feel fruitful and proud of himself,which,always contributes to a good body.(33),31/65,Usually the beginning of a summary is:,1.The passage mainly discusses that,2.We can know from the passage,3.As far as the author is concerned,假如是议论文阅读短文,则要尽可能客观简明地,转述,阅读材料观点。,4.The chapter above is concerning+n.,32/65,Hi,I am Mike.I just went through my first year of college.The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment.I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me.But at the college I needed to know some basic life skills.such as balancing a checkbook,laundry,and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school!It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick.,Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life,I loved itgood facilities,helpful instructors.and a good library.The Students Union organizes various parties every week.I also go to cinemas and concerts,and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.,08高考真题,33/65,One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things.I was on the dance team in college and met a ton of people that way it was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground.,写作内容,学校最近组织了一次中美学生交流活动，你参加其中“大学校园生活”讨论。听完Mike讲话之后，你准备写一份讲话稿，题目是“Preparing Myself for College Life”，内容关键点包含：,1.以约30个词概括Mike讲话关键点；,2.然后以约120个词谈谈你理想大学生活，内容包含：,(1)对中学生活感受；,(2)理想大学生活；,(3)中学生活和大学生活差异，以及你打算怎样适应。,34/65,Its your show time,35/65,The passage mainly tells us,Mikes mother did almost everything for him when in high school,which brought him a hard time adjusting to the first-year college life.However,afterwards he got accustomed to it because of the academic atmosphere and colorful activities there.,（39词）,How to check the summary,?,看关键点看人称,看时态看语法,看结构,36/65,Part 2,概括段与下文承接,读写任务是先”读”后”写”,是读后有感而发,“读内容”和“感内容”要有机地联络起来，即短文概括与发表议论段落要合理地承接起来才是一篇连贯文章。当然，详细承接方式需要依据详细写作内容而定。普通情况下，承接方式可视原阅读材料文体而定。,37/65,1、阅读材料假如是议论文，作者已经有鲜明观点，可采取以下句式承接下文：,假如你观点与阅读材料观点完全一致，你应该表态，可使用以下过渡句：,1)I,cant agree with the author more,.,2)This is just what I want to say.,38/65,假如你不完全同意阅读材料观点，可使用以下过渡句：,1)This opinion is only partly right.,2)There is truth in this opinion but I think,3)While it is right to say that it is wrong to say that,39/65,假如你完全不一样意阅读材料观点,可使用以下过渡句：,1),I,cannot disagree with,the author,more,here.,2)This idea is just unacceptable.,40/65,2、故事性文章，需要先揭示主题(可包含在概括中，也可用作过渡句），引出作者观点，如第二部分为议论文，普通可采取下面句子承接：,1)This story shows us the importance/necessity of,2)We can see from the passage that,3)From this passage,we can know that,41/65,1),This story reminds me of another story that happened to,2),This story reminds me of a similar experience of,如第二部分写作内容要求为记叙文或在议论文中引用自己或他人经历时，,普通可采取下面句子承接：,42/65,3、,说明文或新闻报道,为读者提供一定信息或,揭示描述某种社会问题,，作者写作意图往往没有明白地在文章中表示出来，所以我们在概括完原文关键点后，往往要,先把作者写作意图点明,后才,发表自己意见,。可采取以下句式承接下文：,1）This passage should arouse our awareness of,2)This passage draws our attention to,3)The problem talked about in this passage is worth our concerns.,43/65,引出经历,I think the story can teach us that,when we work together we can achieve more than when we compete.It is a win-win effect.,The story reminds me of,my own experience 我认为这个故事能够教育我们合作会比竞争能取得更大成功，会有双赢效果。这个故事让我想起了我一段经历(广州二模),经典范例,44/65,引出类例,This is true,with the people around me.Though people are pleased to receive praise,they are not accustomed to expressing their appreciation of others effort and achievement in their presence.我周围人也是这么，即使他们愿意接收赞扬，不过他们并不习惯在众人面前对他人努力和成绩表示称赞。(揭阳一模),45/65,说出体会,I was deeply inspired by such a story,as it makes me realize,the importance of a goal 这个故事让我深受启发，因为它使我意识到设置目标主要性(揭阳二模),This story teaches us that,we should not judge people only by their appearance.这个故事告诉我们，我们不应该仅凭外表来判断人。(广州二模),46/65,书写回信,I quite understand,how you feel,but still I think,you may be worrying unnecessarily.我非常了解你心情，不过我依然认为你在杞人忧天。(广州期末),47/65,引出观点,People expressed,their sympathy after hearing the tragedy.In my opinion,this incident reflects a lack of awareness of safety procedures.听到这个悲剧人们会表示同情。我认为，这个事实反应出缺乏安全规程。(三校联考),Although,the teachers idea seems reasonable,I dont quite agree with him.即使这个老师想法似乎有道理，不过我并不十分赞同。(华附三模),48/65,表明观点,In my opinion,I completely,agree with,the measure taken by the headmaster.在我看来，我完全赞成校长所采取办法。,As far as I am concerned,I am in favor of,TV ads because some of them are interesting and informative.就我个人而言，我赞成电视广告，因为它们有一些有趣信息。,From my point of view,one should never rely only on wealth to achieve happiness.在我看来，人不能只是依赖财富来取得高兴。,49/65,Part 3,例证，论证自己观点。,议论文,在提出自己观点后，就用,详细事例,来论证自己观点。,记叙文,编写与阅读文章主题相同,但情节不一样故事(亲身经历或虚构)。,50/65,Part 4 结论,注意前后呼应,总结句开头用语：,In conclusion,In short,To make a long story short,In general,In a word,In belief,On the whole,All in all,To sum up,In brief,51/65,启、承、转、合,启,:开启观点，开篇点题,承,:包括文章第二段（拓展段），原因一、二、三，方面一、二、三要有层次感,转,：表示转折,合,:表示合并总结,52/65,People in a south China city,protested,the governments building the incinerator plant,which,the residents thought would release harmful substances.The government and the citizens,are divided on,this point.,Personall,y,the trash-fired power plants may,contribute to,(有利于)the governments,coping with,the increasing garbage,which,will be a big problem in future.,However,the plant,will of course release,substances,into,the air,which do harm to,the people around,because of,its way of dealing with the rubbish.,It is difficult to decide on,the project.,53/65,People,should dispose,(处理)the garbage properly.We,must recycle,the material like paper,glass,clothing and so on.,Whats important,the government,should take measures to change,peoples waste and leftovers,into,fertilizers for farmers planting crops.,Most importantly,some harmful waste like batteries,should be treated,properly and recycled.,It is a good choice to combine,chemical treatment,garbage sorting and recycling in a reasonable way.Garbage disposal is a major problem all over the world,so,we,must try to reduce,the garbage in,daily,life.,54/65,All in all,_.,55/65,怎样提升作文档次,(1)表示精练简练:表示不要罗嗦,若能用,非谓语动词,做定语或状语就不要用定语从句或状语从句.,(2)防止低级错误:防止,语法和拼写,低级错误,防止被扣印象分.,(3)确保赏心悦目:重视字体美化,保持,卷面整齐,提升印象分.,(4)句子,错落有致,:依据表示需要,交叉使用长句与短句,简单句与复合句.,(5)句式,各种多样,:多样化句式,方能显示较强语言功底,大大提升作文档次.,56/65,多样化句式,(1)用it is/was that,强调句,式.,(2)用作状语介词短语开头,完全倒装,句或用以only in this way 等开头,部分倒装,句.,(3)用,with复合结构,(with+宾语+宾补)作状语.,(4)用,非谓语动词,简化状语从句或并列结构.,(5)用,what引导名词性从句,.,(6)用,独立主格,结构.,(7)恰当利用,感叹句,被动句,等.,(8)适当使用,插入语,如to be honest,I guess,I think,personally等.,(9)尽可能用,短语,代替单词来表示一样意思.,(10)恰当使用关联词语,除使用复合句连词外,写作中经惯用到,关联词,:,57/65,一、经过次序词汇来进行句子与段落衔接与拓展,1.first，second，third,2.firstly，secondly，thirdly,3.first，furthermore，finally,4.in the first place，in the second place，finally,5.last but not least,6.first and most important,7.to begin with，next，then，finally,8.the formerthe latter the first step，the second step，the next step,58/65,二、经过说明词汇来进行句子与段落衔接与拓展,for example including,for instancemainly,namely such as,三、经过强调词汇来进行句子与段落衔接与拓展,obviously certainly,undoubtedly especially,surely above all,indeed In fact,most important ofall,mostimportantly,59/65,四、经过并列词汇来进行句子与段落衔接与拓展,and,or,that is，,thats to say,not onlybut（also）,in other words,bothand,as well as,neithernor,eitheror,60/65,五、经过补充词汇来进行句子与段落衔接与拓展,also（too）furthermore,further moreover,what is morethen,in additionbesides,as
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