2018-2022北京重点校高二(下)期中英语汇编：七选五.docx

2018-2022北京重点校高二（下）期中英语汇编
七选五
一、七选五
（2022·北京师大附中高二期中）However difficult you find it to arrange your time, it will pay off in the long run if you set aside a certain part of the day for studying － and stick to it.___1___But don't forget to make sure that you have enough left for recreational activities or simply to be “with” yourself: reading a novel or watching a television programme.
As part of your weekly schedule, it is also advisable to consider exactly what you have to do in that week, and make sure that you handle the most significant tasks first.___2___
On a physical level, make sure you have an area or space for studying.___3___If you always study in the same place, preferably a room of your own, you will find it easier to adjust mentally to the activity when you enter that area. You should have everything that you might need at hand.
Make sure that all the physical equipment that you use, such as a desk, chair etc. is at good height for you. If you use a personal computer, there are plenty of guidelines available from the movement on angles, lighting and the like.___4___
If you are working on topic your teacher has set, but finding it hard to concentrate, it may be that you actually need to take your mind right off it for a period of time.___5___After a period away from the test, having not thought about it at all, you may return to it refreshed and full of ideas.
A．It's wise to leave the easier or less urgent areas of your work until later.
B．It's all too easy to read something and then forget where it came from.
C．Consult these and avoid the typical student aches and pains.
D．“Airing the mind” can work wonders sometimes.
E．Make use of equipment that is available to you .
F．It is best to make a weekly schedule.
G．Don't do it just anywhere.
（2022·北京市第五中学高二期中）Emotional Eating
Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. ____6____ Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lot — especially without realizing it — emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.
____7____ One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.____8____
Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done.____9____ It’s not easy to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on.
We’re all emotional caters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain.____10____ That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.
Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.
A．Believe it or not, we’ve all been there.
B．If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.
C．One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards.
D．And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like.
E．Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.
F．Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream.
G．More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.
（2022·北京四中高二期中）Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
____11____We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. _____12_____It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.”
____13____“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. ______14______”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better._____15_____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.”
A．So why do we dance?
B．Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C．If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D．My older students say it makes them feel young.
E．I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F．Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G．They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
（2022·北京·北师大二附中高二期中）Blind Olympic Athletes Show the Universal Nature
Tune into any sports coverage on TV, and you will see many athletes proudly raise their arms and heads in victory, while a much larger number hang their shoulders and necks in defeat. Studies have revealed why—they are universal behaviours, performed by humans in response to success and failure.
The discovery came from Jessica Tracy from the University of British Columbia and David Matsumoto from San Francisco State University, who wanted to see how people showed feelings of pride and shame. ____16____ They tried to find a large group of people, and it was critically important that some of these subjects had never seen other people reacting to success or failure before.
The answer was Athens, during the 2004 Olympic Games. Its sister competition—the Paralympics—included many athletes who were born blind. ____17____ Working with a professional photographer, Tracy and Matsumoto compared the body language of 108 competitors, 41 of whom had lost their sight, and 12 of whom were blind from birth. The photographer repeatedly took pictures of these athletes after their competitions, and the researchers carefully recorded the positions of their heads, arms and bodies. ____18____ The winners tilted their heads up, smiled, lifted their arms and puffed out their chests, while shoulders bent forward and narrowed chests were the marks of losers.
____19____ Men and women who have never seen other people behave in these ways still make exactly the same movements. And while it’s possible that parents may have taught their blind children some of these actions, it’s very unlikely that they could have taught them all—particularly the expansion or narrowing of the chest.
These actions were also remarkably consistent between contestants from every part of the world. Tracy and Matsumoto argue that pride and shame deserve a place alongside other primary emotions like happiness, fear and surprise. ____20____
A．They are inborn behaviours and are accompanied by their own distinct sets of actions.
B．In fact, the culture was found to have only a very small effect on their body language.
C．Therefore, they could not have witnessed how other people reacted to winning and losing.
D．The result suggested that the athletes were showing their pride based on careful observation.
E．The athletes’ behaviours give strong evidence that they have had the actions naturally since birth.
F．Analyzing the data, they found that the sighted and sightless athletes behaved in almost exactly the same ways.
G．In particular, they wanted to know whether these expressions were culturally determined and learned through observation.
（2022·北京·人大附中高二期中）Every year thousands of people converge(汇集) on the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town.
____21____ But the event is of interest to more than just adrenaline junkies and animal-rights activists. A paper just published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.
That is a useful topic to explore. Architects,civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire,a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly crushes. ____22____ Ethics-review boards, after all,are likely to frown on researchers putting volunteers into deadly danger simply to study how they might behave.But Daniel Parisi,a physicist and computer scientist at the Technical Institute of Buenos Aires,and the paper's lead author, realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019,and recorded footage of the runners as the animals were released. ____23____ The researchers brought their recordings back to the lab to calculate the velocities(速度)of the runners, the density of the crowd and the probability of a runner tripping and falling.They also examined the trajectories of the bulls,the responses of individual runners as bulls came near to them,and the relationship between runner-group density and velocity.
____24____ Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd. At the crowd's maximum speed of around four metres per second,density reached roughly one pedestrian per square metre.This finding is at odds with a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up,in order to lower the risk of a collision,which could lead to a fall and,perhaps,injury or death as a runner is trampled by others.Dr Parisi's data suggests that groups of fast,crowded runners are indeed at risk:of 20 people who fell,all did so within a fast-moving,dense group. Most(14 of the 20) involved two or more people,with one person tripping another.
Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little heed to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The duty therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future alleys, tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. ____25____.
A．Unfortunately,solid information is hard to come by.
B．The only option may well be to make them wider.
C．Goring(顶伤)is much less common but potentially life threatening.
D．A wave of people running at top speed raced past their cameras a few seconds ahead of the bulls.
E．There are dozens of injuries every year,and there have been at least 15 deaths recorded since 1910.
F．Perhaps unsurprisingly,the researchers found that runners sped up when the bulls drew near.
G．A set of wooden fences is erected to direct the bulls along the route and to block off side streets.
（2022·北京·101中学高二期中）Facebook Is a Big Waster
During the first decade of the 21st century, a popular and new word has come into our vocabulary — Facebook. This is the most popular social networking website on the Internet. ____26____You can send messages to your friend’s electronic wall, put up a status saying something like “Going to the mall, I need to get a new pair of shoes” or “it’s finally the weekend!”.
In spite of the benefit it does on common people, it is true that this social network is a big waster. There are about 350 million active users on this website and 67% of them are between the ages of 13-25. More than 35 million users update their status every day. ____27____
The highest age group who use Facebook are teenagers. Most of them keep the website running whenever they are using the computer, if they aren’t in school or when they aren’t asleep. Facebook is just changing the new generation of youngsters unconsciously. The teenage life is one of the most important stages of life. ____28____ It is a distraction to their mind as well. Nowadays, when all their homework and research are on ICT (information and communication technology), they would easily switch to Facebook just to check if there was anything updated among their friends. 
Facebook is also where people can see the gossip among their friends, virtual arguments, relationship status and updates, who is in whose “top friends”, you can become a fan of anything, join groups, post pictures and videos, play childish games, invite friends to parties or events and a lot more. Generally, all these would just disturb people into living life to the fullest. It’s not just teens who become addicted, even grown-ups do. An average person spends about 55 minutes on Facebook. ____29____ Technology might be taking over people’s life. Furthermore, people who use Facebook through their mobile phones are 50% more active on Facebook than non-mobile phone users. This shows people using Facebook on their phones as well as computers just can’t stand being away from the website. Facebook is like crack to some folk.
____30____ This would make them think how life is like without saying what’s on their mind to all their friends on the Internet. A break would also make them more active, like socializing in person. This would finally help them focus better in school or in work. Although about 80% of people who take a break would come back to Facebook within days.
A．And 2.5 billion photos are added each month.
B．Wasting it on Facebook is not encouraging in any way.
C．This statistic isn’t that bad but some people spend about 3-5 hours.
D．It is time people should take a break from Facebook once in a while.
E．As a result, the average Facebook users have 130 friends who they share links with.
F．Usually, when people hear the words “social networking”, their brains automatically go to sites such as Twitter or Facebook.
G．The main idea of Facebook is that you can keep in touch with all your friends around the world who have Facebook.
（2021·北京四中高二期中）Time for a Brainstorm
A brainstorm is a session where a small group of people come together to solve a problem. People voice spontaneous ideas, sometimes just shouting, and a note-taker writes them all down.__31__By getting different ideas out there, ideas are said to bounce off each other and even can help solve the problem at hand. Brainstorming is often a group exercise but individuals can also conduct personal brainstorms.
___32___He defined it as using the brain to storm a creative problem and do so in commando (突击队）fashion, with each stormer attacking the same objective. According to him,