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Unit 1 Will people have robots?
1. fall v. come or go down from force of weight, loss of balance, etc; drop; become 落下;跌落;变成
fall用作动词时,主要有两种用法。一种是作为实义动词,可以和介词或副词搭配,表示“落下;跌落”,例如:I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一种是作为系动词,与形容词连用,表示进入某种状态,如:fall asleep 入睡(进入睡眠的状态)。fall的动词过去式是fallen。fall用作名词时,表示“落下;降低”,例如:I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐着听雨点落在屋檐上的声音。fall还可以表示“秋天”,与autumn意思相同。
词汇扩展
常用搭配:fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于(某人或某物)
fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜爱;爱上
fall off 掉下 fall over 跌落;被绊倒
2. alone adv. Without any companions 独自地;孤独地
用法
解析along 和lonely:
(1)alone 既可用作形容词,又可用作副词,意思是“独自的(地);单独的(地)”,侧重于说明独自一人,没有同伴或助手。alone和on one's own,by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容词时,一般与be 动词连用,在句中作表语。例如:She is alone at home. 她独自一人在家。alone 用作副词修饰动词时,放在动词后面作状语。例如:I like to work alone. 我喜欢独自一人工作。alone 用作副词时,也可作定语,意思是“只有;仅仅”,但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。例如:This year alone, we've already planted ten thousand trees. 仅是今年,我们已经载了一万颗树。
(2)lonely只用作形容词,它在句中既可作定语,也可作表语,表示“孤独的;寂寞的”。该词带有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定语时,意思为“孤单的;荒凉的;偏僻的”等。例如:That's a lonely island. 那是一个荒凉的岛屿。Lonely用作表语时,可以表示“孤寂的;寂寞的”。例如:I was alone but I didn't feel lonely. 我独自一人,但我并不感到孤独。
词汇拓展
常用搭配:let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物;听其自然
let alone 不管;不必考虑
3. dress v. put clothes on yourself or someone else 穿衣
用法
dress还可以用作名词,表示“女服;连衣裙;服装”。例如:Mary wore a long red dress last evening. 玛丽昨晚穿了件红色的连衣长裙。
辨析dress,put on 和wear:
(1)用作动词时,dress既可以表动作,也可以表状态,常用人作宾语,意思是“……穿衣服”,例如:She is only a girl of three. She can't dress herself. 她只是一个三岁的女孩,她还不能自己穿衣服。需要注意的是,在表示“给自己穿衣”时,我们通常说dress oneself (= get dressed);当dress表示状态时,一般要用be dressed in 结构,例如:She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿着一件红色的上衣。
(2)put on 意思是“穿(戴)上”,强调动作。例如:He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。
(3)wear意思是“穿(戴)着”,强调状态。例如:Lucy's mother often wears a pair of glasses. 露西的母亲常常戴着一副眼镜。
词汇扩展
常用搭配:dress (somebody) up (in something / as somebody or something) 化妆打扮
谚语:Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用,穿是使别人受用。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(2)
1. unpleasant adj. not pleasant; not enjoyable 使人不愉快的;不合意的
用法
unpleasant可以表示“令人不快的;讨厌的”,例如:I found his manner very unpleasant. 我觉得他的态度讨厌极了。
词汇拓展
相关词:unpleasantly adv. 厌恶地 反义词:pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
记忆导航
unpleasant 是由pleasant 加上否定前缀un-构成的。类似这种构词法的词还有:able有能力的——unable没有能力的;happy高兴的——unhappy不高兴的。
2. hundred n. the number 100; a very large number of things or people (一)百;许多(事物或人)
用法
hundred 用于数词或含有数量意义的词之后,一般不用复数形式,例如:three hundred, a few hundred 等。但当hundred 表示“成百的;许多的”意思时,它面前不用具体数字,而常用hundreds of 结构。注意hundred 在这个结构中要用复数形式,前面可加some,a few,several等词修饰。例如:Her coat cost hundreds of dollars. 她的大衣价值几百美元。类似的搭配还有thousands of数以千计的;许多的,millions of 数以百万计的;无数的。
3. such adj. of the same kind as the thing or person which has already been mentioned 这(那)样的;这(那)种
用法
辨析such 和so:
(1)such 是形容词,意思是“这(那)样的;这(那)种;如此的”,修饰名词。例如:I have never seen such a beautiful place before. 我从未见过这么美的地方。需要特别注意的是,such修饰单数可数名词时,应该按照如下词序:such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词。
(2)so是副词,意思是“这(那)么;这(那)样;如此地”,修饰形容词、副词和分词。例如:I have never seen so beautiful a place before. 我从未见过这么美的地方。同样,需要特别注意的是,so修饰单数可数名词时,应该按照如下词序:so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词。此外,当名词前有few,many,little,much等修饰词时,要用so。例如:so many people,so few days,so much time,so little money等。
词汇拓展
常用搭配:such as 例如 such and such 某某;这样那样的
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(3)
1. in prep. 在……之后(用于将来时)
in 100 years 在一百年后
People will have robots in their homes in 100 years.
2. less, fewer 比较少;more 比较多
less 是little 的比较级,修饰不可数名词
fewer是few的比较级,修饰可数名词
more 是much和many的比较级
much 修饰不可数名词,many修饰可数名词
I have less money than he has. 我的钱比他的少。
There are more building in this city than in that city.
3. fall in love with ... 爱上……
Last year I visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work of Picasso.
4. a kind of ... 一种;some kinds of ... 几种 a kind of book 一种书five kinds of flowers 五种花
many different kinds of goldfish 各种不同的金鱼
(fish 单复数相同,此处是复数)
5. as well as 也;与too 同义
He likes this book and he likes that book, too. / He likes this book as well as that book. 他喜欢这本书,也喜欢那本书。
She can come here, too. / She can come here as well. 她也能来。
6. worth adj. 值……;值得……;相当于……价值
This house is worth $10 000. 这个房子价值一万美元。
be (well) worth doing sth. (很)值得做
That film is (well) worth seeing. 那部电影(很)值得看。
These books are worth reading twice. 这几本书值得看两遍。
7. knock down ... 击倒,撞倒;拆除
knock down the pins 击倒球柱
knock down the machine 拆除机器
knock 组成的词语还有: knock on (at) the door 敲门 knock into sb. 撞了某人knock up 叫醒
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(4)
1. prediction n. 预言,预测
predict v. predict + that 后接从句,如
I predict that he will win.
2. paper money
paper n. 纸,纸张,是不可数名词,如a piece of paper。
paper money 中paper是名词做定语,表材质,只用单数。
3. space n. 表示“宇宙,空间时”,不可数名词;通常前面不用冠词。
There are many stars in outer space.
Travel through space to other planets interests many people.
4. besides prep. 除了……还;相当于as well as, in addition to。如:
Besides basketball, he also plays soccer well.
除了打篮球以外,他踢足球也踢得很好。
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