初三上语法精编 Unit 1.doc

初三上语法精编 Unit 1
一.词组.
1.be confused 迷惑的 2.be excited 兴奋的 3.have trouble (in)doing sth 有…有困难
4.be always doing sth 总是做某事 5.be nice to sb 对某人好 6.be used to sth./doing sth 习惯于
7.keep a diary 记日记 8.laugh at 嘲笑 9.introduce sb to sb 把…介绍给…
10.be/feel embarrassed 感到尴尬 11.move to sp 搬到某地 12.thanks to 多亏,由于
13.as soon as 一…就 12.arrive at the airport 到达机场 13.in fact 事实上
二. 语法过关.
1.confusing难以理解，不清楚的（物作主语）
The instructions on the box are very confusing.盒子上的说明令人难以理解
confused 迷惑的（人作主语）He was not all confued.他一点也不糊涂。
搭配：confuse A with /and B(将…)混淆，混同
People often confuse me and my twin sister.人们经常把我和我的双胞胎妹妹搞错。
Confusion n. 不确定，困惑
To avoid confusion,please write the children’s names clearly on all their school clothes.
为了避免搞错，请在所有的校服上写清楚他们各自的姓名.
2.be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于…/习惯于做某事
We are used to living in China.我们习惯住在中国了。
be used to do sth被用来做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事（现在不做了）
The cloth is used to make her party dress.这块布用来做晚礼服。
Her grandmother is a teacher.She used to teach English in this school.
她的祖母是一名教师。她边去在这所学校教英语.
3.realize+that从句 The moment I saw,I realize something was wrong.我一见到她，就觉得不对劲.
realize+ 疑问词 I don’t think you realize how important this is to her. 我认为你没有意识到这对她多重要。
Realize+n At last she realized her mistakes. 最后她意识到她的错误.
4.embarrassed about/at sth/ embarrassed to sth(人作主语)因…而尴尬
She’s embarrassed about her height.她因个子高而困窘.
He is too embarrassed to speak. 他太尴尬了,不能说话了.
embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的(物作主语) He made an embarrassing mistake. 他犯了个令人尴尬的错误.
embarrassment n.窘迫,害羞 to one’s embarrassment使某人尴尬的是…
Much to her embarrassment she realized thateveryone had been listening to her singing.
她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌,感到很不好意思.
5.thanks to =with the help of sb./with sb’s help 多亏,在…的帮助下
Thanks to him/With his help/With the help of him,I have passed the English exam.
多亏他的帮助,我通过了英语考试.
6.drop n. 一滴 There is a drop of blood on your collar. 你的领子上有一滴血.
7.too…to 太…而不能 =so …that…如此以至于 =enough… to…够…去…
He is too young to go to school. =He is so young that he can’t go to school.
=He isn’t old enough to go to school. 他太小,不能去上学.

8.
anyone
=anybody 任何人,只表示人,可单独作主语,宾语成分.作主语是跟单数动词.用于否,疑.条件句,表示”任何人,无论谁”,用于肯定句中,表示”任何一个人”
everyone
=everybody每个人,从.只表示人,可作主,宾语.作主时跟单数动词,表示”每人,人人,所有的人,大家”.
none
一个也没有,毫无,也可以代表人,也可以代表物.它只是指在一定的范围内,代替上下文已出现过的名词
nobody
谁也不,无人,任何人,没有任何人,只表示人,可单独作主宾语成人分.
no one
一般用来指人,使用时不受一定范围的限制,后面一般不接引导的介词短语.
You may ask anybody here for help.你可以请求这里的任何人帮忙.
Everyone should obey the government ordinance.每个人都不必须遵守这条政府法令.
None of that money on the table is mine. 桌上没有一分钱我的.
None of us enjoy getting up early.我们中间没人喜欢起早.
She likes nobody and nobody likes her. 她谁都不喜欢,也没有人喜欢她.
9.take 常用词组
take on 从事 呈现 take up 着手处理 take against 反对 take with随身带着
10.drop vt.&vi.作vt. 主语人 宾是物 vi.主是人或抽象名词(温度,风,价格)
fall vi.主是人也可物 二者作 vi.时可通用.
11.at the end 在…尽头,在…末尾 (时间,地点)The shool is situated at the end of the street.
By the end到…为止 (完成时) We have learnt five thousand words by the end of this term.
in the end 最后，=at last
I’m sure everything will turn out satisfactory in the end.我确信，最后一切都会令人满意的.
本单无重点语法 时间状语从句
与时间状语从句有关的时态问题
1.当主句为将来时态或具有将来意义时，时间状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来的意义，而不能直接使用将来时态（主将从现）
2.与since从句搭配的主句的时态通常是现在完成时态。
He has lived here since 1999.自欺欺人1999年以来，他就一直住在这儿.
Where have you been since I last saw you?自从我上次见到你之后你到哪里去了？
3.在特定的语言坏境中有时也可能用过去完成时或一般现在时。
It seems like years since we last met.我们似乎几年未见面了。
Yesterday he told me that he hadn’t eaten anything since Tuesday.
他昨天告诉我自星期二以来他一直未吃任何东西。
初三上语法精编 Unit 2
一. 短语过关
1.lick an ice cream cone 添食甜筒冰激淋 2.look more closely 更仔细地看
3.as smart as 一样灵敏 4.taste like bitter medicine 尝起来像苦药
5.the loudness of …的声音/噪音 6.make groups of four 组成四人一组
7.give them hints 给他们暗示
二.语法过关
1.smell vt.发出…的气味 You both smell brandy. 你俩身上都有股白兰地的气味.
vi.闻 She smelled at the flower. 她闻闻那朵花.
n.There is a smell of burning in the air.空气中有一股烧东西的焦糊味.
2.make it+adj./n. to do sth
I make it possible to finish this work in ten minutes.我使这个工作在十分钟之内完成成为可能.
Make it adj./n.+that 从句
I make it possible that our students can pass the exams. 我使我的学生能通过考试成为可能.
3.through prep.穿过,通过 The river runs through our village. 这条河穿过我拉的村子.
adv. 从头至尾,直至完成 The train goes through to Paris. 这列火车直达巴黎.
adj.直达的,直通的 I’ll take a through train.我想搭直达车.
4.describe sb./sth.to /for sb 为…描述 Can you describe him to me?你能向我描述一下他的样子吗?
describe sb/sth as sth 把…描述成…
The man was described as tall and dark,and aged about 20.描述这男人高个子,深色皮肤,年龄20岁左右.
description n.描写,说明,形容
a detailed/full description 详尽的说明 a brief/general description 简要/概括性的说明
5.
the other
指两个人或物中的一个时,只用the other,不能用another,此时的other作代词
the others
“其它的东西,其余的人.”特指某一范围内的”其它的”(人,物)是the other的复数形式.
ohters
是other的复数形式,泛指”另外几个,其余的”.在句子中作主宾语.
He has two daughters.One is a nurse,the other is a worker.我有两个女儿,一个是护士,一个是工人.
Two boys will go to the zoo,and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园, 其余的留在家里.
Some of us like singing and dancing,others go in for sports.我们一些一喜欢唱歌和跳舞, 其余的从事体育活动.
6.并不是一切情况下序数词前都要加the,几种情况序数词前不加the
①序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰的时候. Jim’s first job.吉姆的第一份工作.
②在表示排名的时候. Rank first 和 in first place.
③序数词前面如果有形容词修饰限定的时候,一般不加the. This is my second time to come here.
7.agree with sb(about/on sth) 同意某人
He agreed with them about the need for change.他同意他们需要变革的意见.
agree to sth 同意… Do you think he’ll agree to their proposal?你认为他会同意他们的建议吗?
agree on sth 双方达成一致意见. The agreed on the plan.他们双方同意这个计划.
agree to do sth 同意做某事 He agreed to let me to early.他同意让我早走.
agree that +从句 同意… He agreed that I could to early. 他同意我可以早走.
8.打电话常用句
Who is this please?请问是谁? This is …speaking.我是…
I’ll phone back later.一会我给您回电话. I’ve got the wrong number.我拔错电话了.
Can I take a message?请留下口信,我会帮你转告. Can I speak to…,please请帮我找…….
Just a moment,please.请等一下. I must ring off now.我得挂电话了.
9.get 用法很多与其它动词相互替换.
①get/have 拿取②get/reach够到,拿到③get/buy买④get/answer回(接)…..(电话之类)
⑤get/receive收到⑥get/catch抓住⑦get 作系动词,”变得”

10.look,sound,smell,taste,feel的用法
通常以被感觉的东西作主语,虽然有被子动词味,但不用被动语态.
本单无重点语法 系动词
系动词也称联系动词,它本身没词义,但不能单独作谓语,后边必须跟表语.构成主系表结构说明主语的状况,性质,特征等情况.
有些系动词又是实义动词,表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语.
He fell ill yesterday. 是系动词 He fell off the ladder. 实义动词
1.持续系动词用来表示主语继续保持一种状况或态动,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,line,stand
He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默.
2.表像系动词用来表示”看起来像” seem,appear,look He looks tired.他看起来很累.
3.感观系动词 feel,smell,sound,taste This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软.
4.变化系动词表示主语变成什么样 become grow turn get go
He became mad after that.自那以后,他疯了.
5.终止系动词表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,turn out 证实,变成
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假.
感观动词
一.see,hear,smell,taste,fell 连系动词后adj.作表语,说明主语所处的状态. 除look外,其它几个动词的主语往往是物,而不是人.
二.这些动词后面也可接介like短语like 后面常用n.
三. 除look外, 其它词都可作vt.主语是人
四.taste,smell vi. Taste/smell+of+n. 有…味道/气味
The air in the room smells of earth.房间里的空气有股泥土味.
五.sound 外 其它的可作n. 与have和take 构成短语
May I have a taste of the cake? 我可以尝一口这块蛋糕吗?
六.look,sound,feel look/sound/feel/+as if+从句 意为: 看起来/听起来/感觉好像……
It looks as if our class is going to win.看来我们班好像要获胜了.
七.感观动词+do与doing的区别
See,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel+do表示动作的完整性,真实性
+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了.(强调了”我看见了”这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调”我见他正干活”这个动作)
初三上语法精编 Unit 3
一.语组
1.admire his determination 羡慕他的决心 2.wear a headset 戴着耳机 3.in a wheelchair 在轮椅里
4.have a handicap 有残疾 5.get an education 获得教育,有文化
6.have the ability to read Chinese 有读中文的能力 7.keep up with 保持,使不落后
8.online schools 网校,在线学习 9.finish all of it 完成全部 10. for free 免费的
二.语法过关
1.give up 放弃 We don’t give up the change. 我们没有放弃这次机会.
give up doing sth=quit doing sth 放弃做某事 She gave up smoking.她放弃吸烟.
2.admire v.钦佩,羡慕,赞赏
You may not like him,but you have got to admire his persistence.
你可以不喜欢他,你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神.
3.deternination (n.) to do sth决心坚决,决意
She has determination to overcome all the obstacles to success.她有决心克服通往成功路上的一切障碍.
determine v.决定,断定,决心 determine +n. determine the date 定日期
determin+to do 决定于…… determin to start early 决定早些动身.
He determined not to tell a lie any longer in the future. 他决定以后再也不撒谎了.
determine to do=decide to do =make a decision to do=make up one’s mind to do
4.famous adj.著名的 be famous for+物=be known for 以…著名
China is famous for the Great Wall.中国以长城而闻名于世.
be famous as +职业 =be known as 作为…而有名
Lu Xun is famous as a writer. 鲁迅作为作家而有名.
5.pay a visit访问(某人)参观(某地) She paid us a visit.她拜访了我们.
be on a visit to sp.=be visiting 去某地参观
They are on a visit to Beijing=They are visiting Beijing. 他们正在北京参观.
6.handicap n.障碍 Deafness can be a serious handicap. 耳聋是严重的缺陷.
v.妨碍 adj.身体有残疾的 He was handicapped by lack of education. 他因文化水平低而吃了亏.
7.ability n.能力 表示”能,才干”多用复数形式. He is a man of ability. 他是位有能力的人.
He is a man of abilities.他是一个多才多艺的人.
后常要接不定式 Do you confide in his ability to the job? 你相信他有能力做这个工作吗?
of doing sth I admire his ability of doing the work quickly.他羡慕他工作做得快.
ablity 反义词 inability disability 指先天或受伤导致的无能
8.succeed v.表示“成功” vi.没有被动语态
Succeed in doing sth 表示做某事做成功了。
At last he succeeded in solving the problem.他终于把那个问题解决了。
Succeed at 在某方面成功 Everyone wants to succeed at work.每个人都希望工在作中成功。
Success n.成功 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母.
9.quit sth/doing sth 离开，辞职，停止
I’ve quit my job.我辞职了。
You must quit smoking.Most important of all,you should start taking exercise.
你必须戒烟,更重要的是,你该开始运动.
10.
else
修饰不定代词something nothing somebody anybody 或疑问词who what放在这些词后面.还可放在疑问副词when where 后
other
用来修饰n.位于n.后
What else can you see?你能看见别的东西吗?
There are other ways of doing this exercise.还有别的方法做个练习.
11.take one’s time 别着急,慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温
12.education n.教育 educational adj.教育的 educationist n. 教育家
13.admire v.钦佩,欣赏 He admires your poems very much.他非常欣赏你的诗.
admired v.称先赞,夸奖 He admired her new hat.他称赞她的新帽子.
本单无重点语法 英语句子成分和英语句子结构
1.主语 句子说明的人或事物 由n. pron.num. ving to to 从句 充当
2.谓语 说明主语的动作,状态和特征.
3.表语 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质,状态和特 由n. pron.num.adj.adv. 介词短语,形容词化的分词 表语从句充当
4.宾语 用在动词后 由n. prep.num. ving to do 宾语从句充当
5.宾补 对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语 由n.adj. adv.介短 省to 不定式 to do 现在分词 过去分词
6.主补 对主语的补充
7.定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词,词组或句子. 由n. pron. num. adj. adv. prep. 现在分词 过去分词 不定式 定语从句
8.状语 用来修饰v.adj.adv. 句子 表示时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,程度,条件,方式,让步
二.句子结构 五在基本句型
主语+不及物动词 She came.
主语+及物动词+宾语 She likes English.
主语+系动词+主语补语 She is happy.
主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 She bought a book for me.
主语+宾补助动词+宾语+宾语补语 She makes her mother angry.
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
初三上语法精编 Unit 4
一. 短语.
1.get on a good soccer team 进入好的足球队 2.pay for the team 为球队效力
3.at a conert 在音乐会上 4.see a concert 看音乐会 5.fall off the stage 从舞台上掉下来
6.admire sb for doing sth 因为某事羡慕某人 7.musical ability 音乐天赋
二.语法过关.
1.need doing 与need to be done 物作主语 need doing 有被动的含义
The door needs painting=The door needs to be painted.
2.have trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth 做某事有困难
Did you have muck trouble finding my house? 你是不是费了很大劲才找到我的家？
3.work hard v.+adv努力地工作 hard word adj.+n 艰苦的工作
Astudents,you should work hard. 作为学生，你们应该努力学习.
Looking after the children is hard work.照顾小孩是一项困难的工作.
4.interest vt.使发生兴趣，引起……的关心 Chemistry interests him.化学引起了他的兴趣.
vt.使参与，使发生关系 He interested me in politics. 他使我对政治发生兴趣.
n. 兴趣，关注，爱好 I developed an interest in the machine.我对这机器产生了兴趣.
5.as good as 和…几乎一样 It was as good as new.这几乎像新的一样.
as well as 而且 She’s clever as well as beautiful.她不但漂亮，而且聪明.
6.admire sb for sth 因为……而钦佩某人
We admired him all the more for his frankness.他的直率使我们对他更加钦佩。
本单无重点语法 定语从句
初三上语法精编 Unit 5
一.短语
1.stand on the steps 站在台阶上 2.a set of 一套 3.15cm wide 15厘米宽
4.I’d rather 我宁愿做 5.the numbers from the picture 图片上的数字
6.something burning s可燃之物 7.speak the truth 说出真相 8.a change to choose 选择的机会
9.a way over water 水上的路 10.say anything about 说一些关于…事
11.the size of …的尺寸 12.the way out ….的出口 13.the exit of the palace 宫殿出口
14.choose…for…为…做出选择 15.run through 流经 16.do well on the test 考试考得好
17.know about 了解 18.on the other side of town 在城市的另一边
19.what else 别的什么
二.语法过关
1.tourist n.旅游者,观光者 tour n. 旅行,旅游
Mr.Adams made a tour around East Asia last year.亚当斯先生去年去东亚旅行了一次
tour vi. 旅行,旅游,作巡回演出 Many Americans tour by car in summer.许多美国人夏天开车旅游.
2.guide n.向导 vt. 为…领路带领,引导 He guide the ship safely into harbor. 他驾驶轮船安全放港.
3.step vi.脚步 vi.跨步,步行跨入,踩,踩住 watch one’s step 小心谨慎，谨慎从事
Sorry!Did I step on your toes? 对不起!我是不是踩到你的脚了?
4.would rather than 宁可(愿)…(而)不要(愿)与其….不如
I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁愿在家里看电视而不愿去看电影.
5.size n.尺寸,号 才干,声望 A man of his size is not equal to the job.他这种能力的人不能胜任这种工作.
6.admit vt. 承认 We have to admit that he’s a highly competent man.我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人.
admit into 准许进入,准许…进入 admit to 承认 admit of 容许,有余地
7.exit vi.出去,离去 Please exit by the rear door. 请从后门退场.
8.
Think about
想,考虑解决某一问题.宾语由n.pron.ving.疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句充当
Think of
“关心，思考，想起”表示“思考”可与think about 互换,后接n.pron.ving.疑问词引导的从句
Think over
“仔细考虑”over是副词,如宾语为名词，位于over 前后均可，如果是代词，必须置于中间.
Please think about how to tell her the bad news. 考虑一下怎样把这个坏消息告诉她。
He always thinks of others more than himself.他总是为别人考虑得多，为自己考虑的少。
Let’s think over the problem to see who can work it out first.让我们仔细考虑一下这个问题，看看谁能第一个解答出来.
9.made of 由…做成的。能看到原材料.made of wood由头制成的.
made from由…做成的 不能看到原材料 Paper is make from trees. 纸是由木制成的。
10．fire vt. 开（枪，炮）解雇，开除fire at 将…射向 We fired our guns at the enemy.我们向敌人开炮.
He was fired on the spot. 他被当场解雇。
11.run vt。开动（机器）办，经营，管理 He has learned to run farm machines. 他学会了开农场的机器。
12.explanation n.说明，解释，(为消除误会)交谈互相讲明
What did he say in explanation of his lateness? 他用什么话来为自己迟到辩白？
I’v come to an explanation with him.我来和他交谈.

13.
on vacation
强调“假期”的活动，具体度假安排，内容
during vacation
强调假期期间，在整个假期时间内
I was on vacation last week.上周我正在度假.
During vacation,we’re going to travel to the north of Thailand.在假期中，我们将要去泰国的北部旅行.
14.what=all what 意为“所…的” I don’t know what you mean. 我不懂你什么意思.
15.
be famous for
因为…而出名（原因）
be famous as
作为…而出名(具体某物)
Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. 爱因斯坦以他的相对论而著名。
Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而出名.
16.
hear about
“听到…的详情”与hear of 互换
hear from
“收到…的来信或信息”介词宾语可以是人或地方
hear of
指听别人说起或提及某人或某事，即间接“听说”
I’v just heard about/of his illness.我才听到他生病的消息.
He often hears from Jim. 他常收到吉姆的来信. I’ve never heard of him.我从来没听人说起过他.
Have you heard of the accident?你听说那次事故了吗？
17.bring about 带来 be worried/serious about 为…而担心
hang about 闲荡，徘徊，逗留 be anxious about 为…而担心
remind sb about sth 提醒某人做某事 be curious about sth 对…感到好奇
18.else adv.与or 连用，否则，要不然 Drink this,else you will be sick. 把这个喝下去，否则你会生病的。
　You must go there quickly or else you will not be back in time.你必须快点去那儿，否则你就不能及时返回了
else常放在疑问副词when,where how后面
Where else do you want to go?你想去别的什么地主吗？
本单无重点语法 宾语从句
初三