高中英语词法之过去分词考点大全笔记.pdf

1 高中英语词法之过去分词考点大全笔记高中英语词法之过去分词考点大全笔记 单选题 1、Though _ up in a big city,the boy preferred to live in the countryside.Awas broughtBbroughtCbringingDhaving brought 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在大城市长大，这个男孩还是更喜欢生活在农村。分析可知，though 后面没有主语，所以应该是状语从句的省略，用非谓语动词作状语，bring up 和 the boy 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故选 B 项。2、With his seat belt _,Larry has been fully prepared to drive to _ the new city on his own.Afastened;exploreBfastening;explode Cto be fastened;exploitDbeing fastening;explore 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析。句意：系好安全带，Larry 已经准备好独自开车去探索这座新城市。A.explore 探索；B.explode 爆炸；C.exploit 开发；D.explore 探索。分析句子可知，第一空应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语 belt 和 fasten 之间是被动关系，应用过分分词；第二空，根据句意可知，用“探索”符合语境。故选 A项。3、During the 3-minute exciting tour,please remain _ and avoid _your seatbelt.Ato be seated to unlockBseatedunlocking Cto be seatingbeing unlockedDseatingunlocking 答案：B 2 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在 3 分钟的精彩旅程中，请坐好，避免解开安全带。句中 remain 为系动词，后接形容词作表语，过去分词 seated 表示“就坐的”，表示状态。avoid doing sth.避免做某事。故选 B。4、Tom seldom accepts any help _ to him unless he is really in need.AofferingBofferedCofferDhaving offered 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除非真的需要，否则汤姆很少接受别人的帮助。分析句子结构可知，主句已有谓语动词 accepts，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词 help，offer 和 help 为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式表被动。故选 B。5、Damage _ by the big fire,which _ in Shanghai last Sunday,is _ at about 500 million yuan.Acaused;broke away;costBcaused;broke out;assessed Cbeing caused;broke away;accessedDbeing caused,broke out;acquired 答案：B 解析：考查过去分词和时态。句意：上周日在上海发生的大火造成的损失估计约为 5 亿元人民币。根据 Damage 与cause 之间是被动关系可知此处要用动词的过去分词，作定语；此处是由 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代 the big fire，充当主语，根据 last Sunday 可知时态是一般过去时，break out“发生”符合题意；由主语是 Damage，谓语动词是 is 可知此处要用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，意为“被评估”。故选 B 项。小提示：6、Mary raised her voice but still couldnt make herself_.AhearBheardChearingDto hear 3 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：玛丽提高了嗓门，但还是没能让人听见她说的话。根据句意及所给句子可知，hear 与herself 是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语，意思是“使某人自己被听到”。故选 B。7、I can make you _ what I say,but you cant make yourself _ in English.Aunderstand;understoodBunderstand;understand Cto understand;understandDunderstand;to be understood 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我能使你明白我说的话，但你无法用英语使别人明白你的意思。该句考查了使役动词make 后接“宾语+宾补”的用法。第一空处，宾语 you 与宾补“_(understand)what I say”之间为主动关系，make 为使役动词，故应用不带 to 的不定式，即“make+宾语+do”结构，填 understand，可排除 C 项；第二空处，宾语 yourself 与宾补“_(understand)in English”之间为被动关系，应用“make+宾语+done”结构，故填 understood，可排除 B 和 D 项，综上，选 A。8、The traffic problems we are looking forward to seeing _ should have attracted the governments attention.AsolvedBsolvingCto solveDbeing solved 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词作补语。句意：我们期待解决的交通问题本应该引起政府的重视。本句中定语从句 we are looking forward to seeing 修饰先行词 the traffic problem，关系代词 that/which（此处已省略）指代先行词作为动词 see 的宾语，与 solve 构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词 solved 做宾语补足语，即构成 see sth.done 的结构，综上应选 A。9、Afternoon tea,_ as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.4 Ato designBdesigningCdesignedDhaving designed 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：下午茶的历史可以追溯到 19 世纪 40 年代，是午餐和晚餐之间的一种小吃。本句已有谓语 date back to，所以空白处为非谓语。动词 design 和所修饰的名词短语 Afternoon tea 之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语，由逗号隔开，相当于非限制性定语从句。故选 C 项。10、Greatly _ by his example,many young people are determined to join the army to serve our country.Ato be inspiredBhaving inspired CinspiredDinspiring 答案：C 解析：考查过去分词。句意：在他的榜样的鼓舞下，许多年轻人决心参军报效祖国。many young people 与 inspire 在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故选 C 项。11、The old man could buy nothing _.Awith his money to stealBwith his money stolen Cwith his money stealingDwith his money having stolen 答案：B 解析：考查 with 复合结构。句意：老人什么都不能买，因为他的钱被偷了。此处考查 with 复合结构，其结构为：with+n/pron+宾补，steal 和宾语 his money 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故选 B。小提示：12、They got their car battery _.5 AchargedBchargingCto chargeDcharge 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们给汽车电池充电了。表示“让某事被做”为 get sth.done，所以空处为过去分词，表示被动。故选 A 项。13、Asia,in the east of the world,is four times Europe.ALocating.as large asBlocated.the size of Clocating.larger thanDlocated.as larger than 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词和倍数问题。句意：亚洲位于世界的东方，面积是欧洲的四倍。be located in 位于，坐落于，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。倍数的表达有：A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B；A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B；A+倍数+the size/height/length/width+of+B。故选 B。14、The police promised that they would keep the relatives of the victim _ of everything about the investigation.Ato informBto be informedCinformedDinforming 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：警察承诺他们会让受害者的亲属知道所有关于这次调查的一切。keep sb informed of sth.表示“让某人随时了解某事”。故选 C。15、_ in the conservation of ocean life,Hannah learn much knowledge about environmental problems.AInvolvesBInvolvedCInvolvingDHaving involved 6 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：参与海洋生物保护，汉娜学习了很多关于环境问题的知识。固定短语 be involved in“涉及，专心；参与”，省略 be 动词，用过去分词，作状语。故选 B。16、He believed he had spotted an unknown city _ deep in the jungle.AburiedBto buryCburyingDhaving buried 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他相信自己发现了一座埋在丛林深处的未知的城市。A.buried 埋葬，过去分词；B.to bury 埋葬，不定式；C.buring 埋葬，现在分词；D.having buried 埋葬，现在分词的完成时。此处是“spot+宾语+宾语补足语”，city 与 bury 之间是被动关系结构，因此要用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 A 项。17、With more and more forests _,we must take action to protect our earth.AdestroyingBdestroyedCto destroyDare destroyed 答案：B 解析：考查过去分词。句意：随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏，我们必须采取行动去保护我们的地球。空格处是 with 的复合结构中的宾补，由于宾补和宾语 forests 是被动关系，因此要用过去分词。故选 B。18、_ by the beauty of the piano music,the audience almost forgot to applaud when the pianist finally finished it.AAttractBTo attractCAttractingDAttracted 答案：D 解析：7 考查非谓语动词。句意：被钢琴音乐的美妙所吸引，当钢琴师终于演奏完时，观众几乎忘记了鼓掌。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词 attract 意为“吸引”，和主语 audience 构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故选 D。19、Many people thought the actress _ to play the part of Helen were not beautiful enough.AchoosingBchosenChaving chosenDto choose 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人认为选来扮演海伦的女演员不够漂亮。分析句子可知，这里用非谓语动词，the actress 与 choose 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选 B。20、_ the meeting room,he found all the parents already_ there.ATo enter;sittingBEntering;to seatCEntered;seatDEntering;seated 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：进入会议室时，他发现所有的父母家长们已经坐在那里了。根据句中的主语 he,可以得出“他进入会议室时”表时间状语，与主语 he 是主谓关系，用现在分词 entering 置于句首作状语；又根据句中谓动词 found 可知，句中有 find sb+adj 结构，此处该用 seat 的过去分词 seated,作宾语补足语，表示就坐的状态。故选 D。21、The goods _ on the Internet are cheaper than _ we buy in shops.Abe bought;thatBbought;those Cbought;thatDbe bought;those 答案：B 解析：8 考查非谓语动词和代词。句意：在网上买的商品比我们在商店里买的便宜。第一空，分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，动词 buy 与逻辑主语 The goods 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，应用 bought；第二空，比较状语从句中，为了避免重复，当比较对象一致时，应用 that 替代单数名词、用 those 替代复数名词，本句中 The goods 是复数，空处应用 those。故选 B 项。22、_ the value of the whole planet,the development of the economy is totally meaningless.AComparing withBCompared withCComparingDCompared 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与整个地球的价值相比，经济的发展是毫无意义的。表示“与相比”短语为 be compared with，此处省略 be 动词，用过去分词作状语。故选 B。23、The autumn wind sent the _ leaves on the ground _here and there.Afallen,flyingBfalling,to flyCfallen,flownDfalling,flew 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：秋风把地上的落叶刮的到处都是。fallen leaves“落叶”。过去分词作定语表示完成，send sb/sth doing sth“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。leaves 与 fly 在逻辑上是主动关系。故选 A 项。24、Opinions on family education are divided,but most people tend to approve _this.Only those parents _ in their childrens growth are considered to be qualified.Awith;involvedBof;involving Cwith;involvingDof;involved 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：关于家庭教育的观念有很多分歧，但是大多数人会倾向于同意下面这个事9 情。那就是只有那些参与到孩子成长过程中的父母，才被认为是合格的。第一个空考查固定短语，approve of表示赞同，同意。短语 be involved in“参与，被卷入，被牵连”，分析可知，第二空需要过去分词短语 involved in 作 parents 的后置定语。故选 D。25、We are looking forward to_ the film _ at the Grand Cinema.Aseeing;to showBsee;shownCseeing;shownDsee;to show 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们盼望着看在大电影院放映的那部电影。第一空为短语 look forward to doing sth.，应用 seeing 作宾语；第二空分析句子结构可知，show 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且 show 与 film 构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故选 C。26、In order to minimize economic losses,the manager demanded that the problems_paid special attention to.Areferring to beingBreferred to beCrefer to beDreferring to be 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：为了尽量减少经济损失，经理要求特别注意所提及的问题。分析句子可知，这里的 refer to 用来修饰名词 problems 作定语，和修饰语之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；demand 后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分是（should）+动词原形，主语 problems 和谓语 pay attention to 之间是被动关系，因此应用 be paid，故选 B。27、According to the report,people in the _ areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads _ to the areas have been repaired.AfloodedleadBfloodingleading CfloodedleadingDfloodingto lead 答案：C 10 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，受灾地区的人们正在重建家园，许多通往受灾地区的道路已经修复。分析可知，第一个空处的词用来修饰名词 areas 作定语，和名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；第二个空处的词用来修饰名词 roads 作定语，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故选 C。28、Simon put up a picture of Jordan beside his bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams.AremindingBto remindCremindedDremind 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：西蒙在他的床边放了一张乔丹的照片，让自己想起自己的梦想。此处为 keep+宾语+宾补结构，remind 与 himself 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选 C。29、With the problem _,they were happy and relaxed.AsettlingBunsettledCsettledDto settle 答案：C 解析：考查 with 的复合结构。句意：问题解决了，它们既高兴又放松。使用了 with+宾语+宾补的结构，the problem和 settle 之间为被动关系，要使用过去分词作宾补，故选择 C 项。30、_ with the past,we live a happy life.AComparingBComparedCTo compareDCompare 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与过去相比，我们的生活真是幸福。空格处动词为非谓语动词作状语。由于该动词与主语构成被动关系，故使用过去分词形式。且 compared with sb/sth,为固定搭配。故选 B 项。11 31、The actress,_ for her wonderful acting skill,will be interviewed by Mongo TV next week.Ato knowBbeing knownCknownDknowing 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这位演技精湛的女演员下周将接受蒙戈电视台的采访。动词 know 意为“知道”，和主语 actress 构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词作状语。故选 C。32、Our teacher tried to speak louder in order to make himself_.Ato hearBhearingCheard 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让我们听到，我们的老师努力说得更大声。make oneself done 使某人被听到，过去分词作补足语。故选 C。33、My hair is long that I must go to a barbers shop and .Avery.have it cuttingBvery.have it being cut Cso.have it cutDso.have it to cut 答案：C 解析：考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：我的头发太长了，我必须去理发店理发。so+形容词+that 从句引导的结果从句，表示“如此以至于”。第二后空中的 it 代指句中的 my hair，与 cut 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 C。34、With reference to your _ position,I have the pleasure to say that I am the just person you are asking for.Abeing advertisedBbeing advertisingCadvertisedDadvertising 12 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：关于你们广告的职位，我很荣幸地告诉你，我就是你要找的人。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填分词作定语修饰“position”，且 advertise 与 position 之间的关系为被动，所以应用过去分词advertised。故填 advertised。35、Youd better try kinds of ways to _ you ideas_ to the audience and speak loudly to make yourself_ in a speech.Aget.through,to hearBget.across,hearing Cget.down,hearDget.across,heard 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析和非谓语动词。句意：你最好试着用各种方法把你的想法传达给听众，在演讲中大声说话让别人听到你的声音。get.through 通过，到达；get.across（使）被理解；（使）被接受；get.down 写下。动词 make 后宾语 yourself 与 hear 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 D。36、I have read plenty of books _ by Lu Xun.AwrittenBwroteCwritesDwriting 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我读了很多鲁迅写的书。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“have read”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“write”意为“写”，动词词性，句中“books”与“write”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰“books”，“write”的过去分词为“written”。故选 A 项。37、With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president felt greatly relieved.Ato settleBsettlingCsettledDbeing settled 13 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：许多难题解决了，新当选的总统感到很宽慰。本句含有 with 复合结构，with 的宾语是 problems，settle 与 problems 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，根据“the newly-elected president felt greatly relieved”可知，问题被解决了，此处用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 C 项。38、When entering the office,_.AWinifred was found sitting at a deskBwe found Winifred seated at a desk CWinifred was found sat at a deskDit was we who found Winifred seat at a desk 答案：B 解析：考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意：当我们走进办公室时，我们发现 Winifred 坐在一张桌子旁。根据句意和句子结构 When entering the office，可知状语从句中现在分词 entering 的逻辑主语是 we，主从句主语一致时，可省略从句主语，用连词和非谓语动词直接作状语，所以主句的主语也是 we。非谓语动词 seated 表示“坐着”的状态，做 find 后的宾语补足语，故选 B。39、The famous tennis play Novak Djokovic found himself from the U.S.Open when he accidentally hit a lineswoman.Aleft outBbe left outCleave outDbeing left out 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：著名的网球选手诺瓦克 德约科维奇，意外撞到了一名边线员，结果被美国公开赛拒之门外。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语 leave out，意为“排除，不包括”。句中涉及固定结构“find+宾语+宾语补足语”，himself 与 leave out 为逻辑上的被动关系，即他自己被排除在外，故应用 leave 的过去分词形式 left，故应填 left out 作宾语补足语。故选 A 项。14 40、If the boxes are moved about on an open harbor,the dampness or rain may get into them.This would make the blouses _.AexhaustedBemittedCspottedDhovered 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果箱子在一个开阔的港口移动，那么潮气或者雨水会进入。这会使衬衫上有污渍。A.exhausted 使疲惫；B.emitted 发出；C.spotted 弄上污渍，弄上斑点；D.hovered 盘旋。根据句意可知潮气或者雨水进入箱子会使衬衫上有污渍，故用 spot 符合句意，根据“make+宾语+补语”可知，此处应用非谓动词作宾补，逻辑主语 blouses 和 spot 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词 spotted。故选 C。41、Friendship,_ on mutual respect and _ feelings and activities,tends to last long.Abased;sharedBbasing;shared Cbased;sharingDbasing;sharing 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：友谊建立在相互尊重、分享感情和活动的基础上，往往会持续久远。分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词是 tends to，base 与逻辑主语 Friendship 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词形式 based 作定语修饰 Friendship；固定短语 base on 意为“基于；使建立在基础上”，其中介词 on 后应接动名词 sharing。故选 C 项。42、_ to _ the nature reserve,the local people prevented the workers from entering their villages.AOpposed;developingBOpposing;developing COpposing;developDOpposed;develop 答案：A 解析：15 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地人反对建立自然保护区，他们不让工作人员进入村子。分析句子结构可知，第一处空白后有 to，只能符合 be opposed to 的结构表示“反对”，且其中的 to 是介词，其后要接动名词作宾语。本句为过去分词作状语。故选 A 项。43、For the most of the _ history,China had the world most _civilization.ArecordedadvancingBrecordingadvancing CrecordingadvancedDrecordedadvanced 答案：D 解析：考查形容词词义辨析和过去分词。句意：在有记载的大部分历史中，中国拥有世界上最先进的文明。A.recorded 记录的advancing 前进的；B.recording 记录的advancing 前进的；C.recording 记录的advanced 先进的；D.recorded 记录的advanced 先进的。两个空格处都用形容词作定语，修饰名词，history 是被记录，因此第一空用过去分词 recorded 表被动，意为“有记载的”；由 civilization 可知，此处表示的是“先进的文明”，因此第二空是“先进的”，即 advanced。故选 D。44、The international agreement,_ to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit,was signed on February 27.Abeing intendedBintended CintendingDto intend 答案：B 解析：考查过去分词。句意：这项国际协议于 2 月 27 日签署，旨在鼓励儿童戒烟，帮助人们戒烟。动词 intend 意为“设计，打算”，和逻辑主语 The international agreement 构成被动关系，且根据“was signed on February 27”可知，动作已经完成。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故选 B。45、Asked if he could come to the party that night,_.16 Anobody said anything Bthey did not get an answer from him Cnothing was said by him DJohn nodded his head and left the room 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词作状语时，前后主语的一致性。句意：被问到那个晚上他是否能够来宴会，约翰点了他的头，离开了房间。根据前面的状语 Asked if he could come to the party that night 可知，主语应是一个人，结合选项可知，D 项符合题意。故选 D。