高中英语词法之过去分词必须掌握的知识点易错点拔.pdf

1 高中英语词法之过去分词必须掌握的知识点易错点拔高中英语词法之过去分词必须掌握的知识点易错点拔 单选题 1、It is reported that the trees down in the storm have been moved off the road.AblowBblowing Cto blowDblown 答案：D 解析：考查动词过去分词。句意：据报道，在暴风雨中被吹倒的树已被移出道路。根据分析句子及语意，可知设空处的 blow 应是过去分词做后置定语修饰 the trees，表被动，意为“被吹倒的树”。故选 D 项。2、Her father stood by the window,his eyes _ on the heavily-wooded hills in the distance.AfixingBhaving fixedCto be fixedDfixed 答案：D 解析：考查独立主格和过去分词。句意：她的父亲站在窗前，眼睛盯着远处树木繁茂的小山。his eyes _ on the heavily-wooded hills in the distance 是“名词+非谓语”独立主格结构，逻辑主语 his eyes 和动词 fix(使固定)是动宾关系，fix 用过去分词表被动。故选 D 项。3、When the girl opened the window the next morning,she was excited to find the ground _ with snow.AcoveredBcoveringCto coverDto be covered 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，当女孩打开窗户时，她兴奋地发现整个地都被雪覆盖了。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用 find+宾语+宾语补足语，ground 和 cover 是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 A。2 4、Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.Aget changedBget changeCget changingDget to change 答案：A 解析：考查固定用法。句意：Sarah，快点。恐怕你在聚会前没有时间换衣服了。have time to do sth,为固定用法，意为“有时间做某事”，而 get changed 为固定短语，意为“换衣服”。故选 A 项。5、According to the information _ Tuesday morning,the fire had claimed five peoples lives.AupdateBupdatesCupdatedDupdating 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：据周二上午更新的消息，火灾已造成 5 人死亡。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 information，动词 update 与其逻辑主语 information 之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故选 C。6、If _ in,the viruses in the tomb can _ illness,or even death.Abreathes;contribute toBbreathing;lead to Cbreathed;result inDbreathed;result from 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析、过去分词和动词原形。句意：如果被吸入，坟墓中的病毒会导致疾病，甚至死亡。If 条件状语从句省略句，动词 breathe(呼吸)的逻辑主语是 viruses，被动关系，所以用过去分词 breathed，原句为 If the viruses are breathed in；第二空，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，contribute to(导致)，lead to(导致)，result in(导致)，result from(由导致)。故选 C 项。3 7、_as the“Father of Hybrid Rice,Yuan Longping is recognized as one of the worlds leading experts in agriculture.AKnowingBKnowCKnownDTo know 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，是公认的世界顶尖农业专家之一。表示“被誉为，被称为”可知短语为 be known as，此处省略 be 动词，用过去分词作状语。故选 C。8、Tom,dont always make your sister_.Go and get the car_ at once.OK,mum.Ill do it right now.Ato cry;washBcries;to washCcry;washedDcry;wash 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆，别总是让你妹妹哭。马上去洗车。好的，妈妈。我现在就做。第一空考查make sb.do sth.使某人做某事，make 为使役动词，do 作宾语补足语，与前面 sb.构成主动关系；第二空考查使役动词 get sth.done，此处 done 与前面 sth.构成被动关系，作宾语补足语。结合题目，make your sister cry（使得你妹妹哭），get the car washed（洗车），符合题意。故选 C 项。9、The professor suggested the problem _ at once.Areferred to be solvedBreferred to solving Creferred to was solvedDreferred to must be solved 答案：A 解析：考查过去分词和 suggest 的用法。句意：教授建议所提到的那个问题应该马上予以解决。the problem 和referred to 之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做后置定语，相当于定语从句 which had been referred to；suugest 4 “建议”接句子时用虚拟语气（should)+动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，再根据 the problem 和 solve 之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态（should）be solved。故选 A。小提示：Suggest 用法小结 一suggest 表示建议 1）suggest+doing sth.He suggested going out for a walk.2）suggest+(that)+主语+(should)do+sth 其中的 should 可以省略 He suggested that you should go there tomorrow.=He suggested you go there tomorrow.注意,不可以这样说：He suggested you to go there tomorrow.也就是说 suggest 不可以加不定式的复合结构.3）it is suggested that+主语+(should)do sth.It is suggested that the work(should)be finished at once.4）suggestion 做主语时,其后的表语从句也用这个结构即：The suggestion is that+主语+should+do sth His suggestion is that I should leave for Beijing immediately.二.suggest 表示暗示或表明之意,注意此时做主语时后面的表语从句用陈述语气 Her yawn suggested that she was sleepy.她哈欠连天表明她困了。10、Then little more than a minute,we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky,_ by a cloud of white smoke.Ato followBfollowedCfollowingDbeing followed 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了不到一分钟，我们看到天空中有一道奇怪的红色和橙色的光，接着是一团白烟。5 A.to follow 跟随（动词不定式）；B.followed 跟随（过去式或过去分词）；C.following 跟随（动名词或现在分词）；D.being followed 被跟随（动名词或现在分词的被动形式）。分析句子结构可知，句子有谓语动词 saw，所以空处需要非谓语动词，根据空后的 by 可知，需要过去分词表被动，作 light 的定语。故选 B。11、_by the belief that every life has equal value,the foundation works to help people lead healthy,and productive lives.AGuidingBTo be guidedCGuidedDBeing guided 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在每个生命都具有同等价值这一信念的指导下，这个基金会致力于帮助人们过上健康且富有成效的生活。根据句子结构可知，设空处动词做非谓语，与逻辑主语 the foundation 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语；位于句首，首字母大写。应填 Guided。故选 C。12、He tried to run away,but gave up when he found himself _.So he was caught,wasnt he?AsurroundedBsurroundingCwas surroundedDsurround 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他试图逃跑，但当他发现自己被包围时放弃了。所以他被抓住了，不是吗？此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，himself 与 surround 构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。故选 A。13、When the typhoon was gone,he found his entire house_away.Ato blowBblownCblewDblowing 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：台风过后，他发现自己的整栋房子都被吹走了。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，house6 与 blow away 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，所以用过去分词作宾补，故选 B 项。14、_ in the old style,the house looks wonderful.AConstructingBConstructedCTo constructDConstruction 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这房子是用旧风格建造的，看起来棒极了。A.Constructing 建造（现在分词）；B.Constructed 建造（过去分词）；C.To construct 建造（不定式）；D.Construction 建造（名词）。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入非谓语动词作原因状语，该句主语 the house 与动词 construct 之间是被动关系，且“建造”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词形式表被动和完成，故选 B 项。15、Theres a note _ to the door _ when the shop will open again.Apinned;sayingBpinned;says Cbeing pinned;readingDbeing pinned;reads 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：门上别着一张纸条，上面写着商店什么时候再开门。结合句意和句子结构可知，第一空作名词 note 的后置定语，应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语 note 和 pin 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词；第二空作状语，逻辑主语 note 和 say（写着）之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。综上，故选 A。小提示：16、The speaker thought it hard to make himself _.AunderstandBunderstandingCto understandDunderstood 答案：D 解析：7 考查非谓语动词。句意：演讲者认为要使自己的话被理解是困难的。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，understand 与 himself 构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。故选 D。17、Greatly moved by the film Battle of Chosin Reservoir,_.Atears could hardly be held backBtears came to his eyes Che could hardly hold back his tearsDhis eyes were filled with tears 答案：C 解析：考查逻辑主语和非谓语动词。句意：被电影长津湖深深打动，他几乎无法抑制自己的眼泪。分析句子可知，状语的逻辑主语被省略，说明其逻辑主语与主句主语一致。由 moved 推知状语的逻辑主语应该是“人”，且和move 之间为被动关系。C 选项的主语“he”与 move 是逻辑被动关系，且符合语境。故选 C 项。18、_in her imagination,she failed to take notice of what the teacher said in class.AAbsorbingBTo absorbCAbsorbedDHaving absorbed 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她沉浸在想象中，没有注意到老师在课堂上说的话。分析题意，be absorbed in 译为“专心于，沉浸去.”。此处因为前后主语一致，故而省略了主语 she 和 be 动词 was，剩余部分用 absorbed 做状语。综上，故选 C 项。19、We should keep ourselves _ of the changing situation in that African country.AinformedBinformingCto informDinform 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该随时了解那个非洲国家的变化情况。句中 keep 为谓语，所以设空处要用非8 谓语动词。ourselves 与 inform 为动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词作宾补。结合选项，选项 A 符合题意，故选 A。20、_ a five-star hotel,this one is small and dirty.ACompare withBTo compare toCComparing withDCompared to 答案：D 解析：考查固定短语及非谓语动词。句意：与五星级酒店相比，这家又小又脏。分析句子结构，_ a five-star hotel 无主语，故备选动词短语 compare to/compare with 需用非谓语动词。compare to/compare with 都可译为“和.相比”。句中的逻辑主语 this one 和 compare to/compare with 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故选 D 项。21、Seriously _,she had to be sent to hospital at once.Ato have injuredBinjuringCinjuredDhaving injured 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她伤势严重，不得不立即送往医院。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词做状语，其逻辑主语是主句主语 she(她)。且二者之间是被动关系，所以应用 injure(使受伤)的过去分词形式，A 项，B 项和 D 项都是表示主动，均不合适，故选 C。22、_ in reading her students minds,the maths teacher could tell that the boys heart was not in it.AExperiencingBTo experienceCExperiencedDHaving Experienced 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这位数学老师对学生的心思很有经验，看得出这个男孩心不在焉。此处为短语 be experienced in 表示“在方面有经验”，做非谓语，此处省略 be 动词，用过去分词作状语。故选 C。9 23、_,the players tried their best to win the game for their country.AGreatly encouragingBHaving greatly encouraged CGreatly encouragedDTo be greatly encouraged 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在极大的鼓舞下，运动员们尽了最大的努力为国家赢得比赛。逻辑主语 the players 与encourage 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。选择项 B 需要在 greatly 前加 been；选择项 D 不定式表示目的性，与句意不符。故选 C。24、The cloth _ easily if _ on a table.Ameasures;spreadingBmeasures;spread Chas been measured;spreadDis measured;spreaded 答案：B 解析：考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。句意：如果被平铺在桌上，这块布料很好测量。主句中，谓语动词 measure(测量)，此处用主动形式表被动含义，表事物的属性和功能，讲现在发生的动作，时态用一般现在时。if 引导条件状语，与主句主语 the cloth 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词 spread 表被动，可补充为状语从句 if it is spread on the cloth。故选 B。25、_in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.ALoseBLosingCLostDTo lose 答案：C 解析：考查过去分词作状语。句意：他陷入沉思，差点撞上前面的车。Lost in thought=As he was lost in thought，在句10 子中作状语，表示陷入沉思，符合题意，故选 C。小提示：be lost in thought（陷入沉思）是固定搭配；这类习惯表达还有 be caught in the rain（遭雨淋），be dressed in red(穿着红衣）,be seated（就座）等。26、Damage _ by the big fire,which _ in Shanghai last Sunday,is _ at about 500 million yuan.Acaused;broke away;costBcaused;broke out;assessed Cbeing caused;broke away;accessedDbeing caused,broke out;acquired 答案：B 解析：考查过去分词和时态。句意：上周日在上海发生的大火造成的损失估计约为 5 亿元人民币。根据 Damage 与cause 之间是被动关系可知此处要用动词的过去分词，作定语；此处是由 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代 the big fire，充当主语，根据 last Sunday 可知时态是一般过去时，break out“发生”符合题意；由主语是 Damage，谓语动词是 is 可知此处要用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，意为“被评估”。故选 B 项。小提示：27、Finally,we reached Tanggula Station,_at over 5000 metres above sea level.AlocatedBbeing locatedCto locateDlocating 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我们到达了位于海拔 5000 多米的唐古拉站。短语 be located at“位于位置”，此处省略 be 动词，用过去分词作定语。故选 A。28、He hurried out,_ his food _.Aleft,untouchingBleaving,untouching 11 Cleft,untouchedDleaving,untouched 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆匆走了出去，没有动过他的食物。分析句子结构，可知_ his food _是非谓语动词作状语，leave 与其逻辑主语 He 之间是主动关系，第一空用现在分词；untouch 和 his food 之间是被动关系，第二空用过去分词作宾补。故选 D。29、The Inuit people wear clothes and shoes_from furs and skins of seals.Awhich are madeBmade Care madeDboth A and B 答案：D 解析：考查定语从句和过去分词。句意：因纽特人穿着由海豹的皮毛制成的衣服和鞋子。根据句子结构分析，此空为clothes 与 shoes 的定语，定语可以用定语从句或分词来做，再根据 clothes and shoes 与 make 之间是被动关系来判断，选过去分词作定语或被动语态的定语从句，因此答案为 D。30、We will keep you _ of any development.AinformBinformingCinformedDto inform 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如有任何进展，我们会及时通知你。keep sb.informed of sth.让某人随时了解某事。句中宾语 you 与 inform 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 C。31、According to the report,people in the _ areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads _ to the areas have been repaired.AfloodedleadBfloodingleading 12 CfloodedleadingDfloodingto lead 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，受灾地区的人们正在重建家园，许多通往受灾地区的道路已经修复。分析可知，第一个空处的词用来修饰名词 areas 作定语，和名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；第二个空处的词用来修饰名词 roads 作定语，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故选 C。32、In fact,people from different continents prefer to_ the diversity of products _ by various companies.Aenjoying,madeBenjoying,making Cenjoy,makingDenjoy,made 答案：D 解析：考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：事实上，来自不同大陆的人们更喜欢享受不同公司生产的产品的多样性。第一空为短语 prefer to do sth.，表示“更喜欢做某事”；第二空 make 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the diversity of products 构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故选 D。33、As things stand,the economy in China has been on the upturn,with more than seven million new jobs _ in urban and rural areas since the beginning of the year,calling for more hard work to overcome risks and challenges.AcreatedBcreatingChaving createdDto be created 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从目前的情况看，中国经济一直处于好转状态，年初以来，全国城乡新增就业岗位超过 700 万个，需要更加努力地克服风险和挑战。分析句子结构可知，这是一个 with+复合宾语组成的独立主格结构作状语，结合选项，jobs 与 create 之间是被动关系，因此，用 create 的过去分词形式 created 表示被动和13 完成。故选 A 项。34、With no water _,the climbers seemed to have no chance of _.Aleaving;surviveBleft;surviveCleft;survivalDleaving;survival 答案：C 解析：考查过去分词和名词。由于没有水，登山者似乎没有生存的可能性了。分析句子可知，前半部分为“with+宾语+宾补”作状语，water 和 leave 之间为被动关系，因此第一空应用过去分词作宾补，第二个空为介词 of 的宾语，应用名词形式（survival），故选 C。35、Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.AinvitedBto inviteCbeing invitedDhad been invited 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语。句意：大多数被邀请参加派对的艺术家都来自南非。根据句型分析，此空应用非谓语结构形式，且主语 Most of the artists 与 invite 为被动关系，所以用过去分词结构作定语。故选 A 项。36、He rushed out in a hurry the door .Aleaving;unlockingBleaving;unlockedCleft;unlockingDleft;unlocked 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙出去留下门未锁。第一空应用非谓语动词作状语，表自然而然的结果，用现在分词表主动；第二空应用非为动词作宾补，the door 和 unlock 之间存在动宾关系，故用过去分词 unlocked 表被动关系，leave the door unlocked“留下门未锁”。故选 B。37、_on Oct.1st 2021,the film Changjinhu soon became a great hit.14 AReleasingBReleased CBeing releasedDTo release 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：长津湖于 2021 年十月一日上映，很快就大受欢迎。A.Releasing 正在发行；B.Released 已经被发行；C.Being released 正在被发行；D.To release 为了发行。分析句子结构，became 是谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词形式，release 与逻辑主语 the film 之间是被动关系，且表示动作已经完成，应用过去分词形式作状语。故选 B 项。38、When _ what is the most efficient way to protect oneself from COVID-19,the expert says no doubt it is wearing a mask.AaskingBaskedCto askDhaving asked 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及防护 COVID-19 最有效的方式是什么时，专家表示，毫无疑问是戴口罩。分析题意，从句部分无主语，故 ask 需用非谓语动词。在时间状语从句中，若前后分句的主语一致，则可以省略从句的主语。故 ask 的主语为 the expert，此处两者之间表示被动关系。所以此处需用过去分词表示被动作状语。综上，故选 B 项。39、With every care _,they managed to ensure the accuracy of all information_ in this leaflet.Ataking;givingBtaken;given Cbeing taken;givenDto be taken;giving 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们小心翼翼地确保了这张传单上所有信息的准确性。第一空为“with+宾语+宾补”的15 复合结构，every care 与 take 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾补；第二空为分词作定语，information 与 give 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故选 B。40、_ the last two years,the total cost has been reduced by 19 percent.ATo compare withBComparing toCComparing withDCompared with 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：与过去两年相比，总成本下降了 19%。compare to把比作，compare with把和比较，根据句意可知，此处是把现在和过去比较，需用固定短语 compare with，本句已有谓语动词 reduced，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词 compare 与主句主语 the total cost 之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词 compared 作状语。故选 D。41、Seriously _,she had to be sent to hospital at once.Ato have injuredBinjuringCinjuredDhaving injured 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她伤势严重，不得不立即送往医院。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词做状语，其逻辑主语是主句主语 she(她)。且二者之间是被动关系，所以应用 injure(使受伤)的过去分词形式，A 项，B 项和 D 项都是表示主动，均不合适，故选 C。42、The man rushed into the house,his face _ under his cap.AhidingBhaving hiddenChiddenDto hide 答案：C 解析：考查独立主格。句意：那人冲进屋里，把脸藏在帽子里。分析可知，逗号后部分为独立主格，应用 hide 的非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语 his face 和 hide 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故选 C。16 43、Film has a much shorter history,especially when _ such art forms as music and painting.Ahaving compared withBcomparing with Ccompare withDcompared with 答案：D 解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：电影尤其与音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比，其历史相对较短。分析句子结构可知，film has a much shorter history 是主句，后半句是 when 引导的状语，when 后面省略主语 film 和系动词 is，compare A with B（A 与 B 做比较），compare 的动作发出者应该是人，故 film 与 compare 是被动关系，故选 D项。44、There was a nice little present for everyone,with a suitable card _.AattachedBattachingCto attachDbeing attached 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都有一份精美的小礼物，附上一张合适的卡片。此处为 with 的复合结构 with+宾语+宾补，且 card 与 attach 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选 A。45、Chris tried to get his work _ in the literature circles.Ato recognizeBrecognizingCrecognizeDrecognized 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：克里斯努力让他的作品在文学界得到认可。句中动词 get 后宾语 his work 与 recognize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 D。