1、1 高中英语词法之过去分词重点知识点梳理高中英语词法之过去分词重点知识点梳理 单选题 1、His visit _ to strengthen ties between the two countries was a big success.Ato intendBintendedCintendingDbe intended 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语。句意:他旨在加强两国关系的访问取得了巨大成功。分析可知,“was”为句子谓语,所选动词“intend”应是非谓语,做之前名词“His visit”的后置定语。intend,动词,意为“打算;想要”,与之前名词之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式,int
2、ended。故选 B 项。2、_ in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.AFoundBHaving founded CFoundedDFounding 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这所学校创建于 20 世纪初,不断激发孩子们对艺术的热爱。句中有谓语动词 keeps on 且句中无连词,故应用 found 的非谓语动词形式,found 意为“创建,创办”,动词词性,句子主语 the school与 found 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,即学校被创建,故应用 found 的
3、过去分词 founded,在句中作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故选 C 项。3、And there,almost _ in the big chair,sat her little brother,who never had to be told to keep quiet.Ahaving lostBlosingCto be lostDlost 答案:D 解析:2 考查非谓语动词。句意:她的弟弟坐在那里,几乎要陷进大椅子里,他从来没有被告知要保持安静。分析句子结构可知,空处作句子的状语,逻辑主语为 brother,与 lose 构成逻辑上的被动关系,此处用过去分词作状语。故选 D 项。4、Whe
4、n I entered the room,I saw a man_on the floor,_with a rope.Alying;tying upBlie;tie upClying;tied upDlied;tied up 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:当我进入房间,我看见一个人躺在地板上,被一根绳子捆着。第一个空考查的是固定搭配see sbdoing sth看到某人正在做某事,这里指的是:看见一个人正躺在地板上,故此处用现在分词lying,故排除 B、D 项;第二个空在句中作方式状语,由于动词短语 tie up“捆绑”与其逻辑主语 a man 是被动关系,用过去分词,故选 C。小提
5、示:5、All the afternoon he worked with the door _ so that he wouldnt be disturbed.AlockedBto lockCbeing lockedDlocking 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午他都锁着门工作,以免受到打扰。此处为 with 的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”,且 door 与 lock 构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故选 A。6、We believe the time and hard work _in completing such an assignment are _.Ainvol
6、ved;worthwhileBinvolving;worth Cto involve;worthyDinvolved;worth of 答案:A 3 解析:考查非谓语动词和形容词辨析。句意:我们相信完成这项任务所花费的时间和努力是值得的。第一空,分析句子结构可知 involve 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语 the time and hard work 构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语,故排除 B、C 选项;第二空中,根据上文 are 可知应填形容词 worthwhile 作表语,D 选项 be worth of 后要跟宾语,此处没有宾语,故排除 D 选项。故选 A。7、Waking
7、 up in the morning,Tom was surprised to find himself_ with a large carpet.AcoveringBcoveredCcoverDto cover 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:早上醒来,Tom 惊讶地发现自己身上覆盖着一块大地毯。分析句子可知,动词 find 后接复合宾语,动词 cover 和宾语 himself 之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词 covered 作补足语。故选 B 项。8、With his attention _on the shops along the roadside,he knocked an
8、old man down while riding to school.AconcentratingBconcentrated Cto concentrateDconcentrates 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:他把注意力集中在路边的商店上,在骑车上学的时候撞倒了一位老人。concentrate 与attention 是逻辑动宾关系,应使用过去分词作宾语补足语,表被动。故选 B。9、In the coming year,well see events postponed from 2020,sporting and arts events now _ right on top of
9、 one another,and new,entirely digital versions of previously face-to-face affairs AschedulingBscheduledCto scheduleDhaving been scheduled 答案:B 4 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:在明年,我们将看到 2020 年以来被推迟的活动,原来的体育和艺术活动现在安排在明后年举行,以及以前的面对面活动的全新数字化版本。schedule 意为“安排”,和逻辑主语 sporting and arts events 构成被动关系,having been done 表示完成被
10、动,故选 B。10、To return to the problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a study _ in 2012.AconductedBconductingCbeing conductedDwas conducted 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:回到水污染的问题上,我想让你们看看 2012 年进行的一项研究。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;动词 conduct 与名词 study 之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故选 A。11、The audienc
11、e_before TV sets are listening to the heros stories with their eyes_upon him.Aseating;fixingBseated;fixingCseated;fixedDseating;fixed 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:观众们坐在电视机前面的观众听这位英雄故事的时候,目光集中在他的身上。分析可知,空格 1 是作定语,修饰 The audience,与 seat 是被动关系,用过去分词 seated 作后置定语,表状态。故空格 1 填 seated;空格 2 是作宾补,属于 with 的复合结构。fix 与宾语
12、 their eyes 是被动关系,要用过去分词。故空格 2 填 fixed,故选 C。12、_ in thought,he almost ran into a car.ALostBBeing lostCHaving lostDLosing 答案:A 解析:5 考查非谓语动词。句意:他陷入沉思,差点撞到汽车上。be lost in 全神贯注于,在句中作状语,所以用过去分词形式。故选 A。13、On April 3,Egyptians witnessed 22 mummies-their countrys ancient rulers-_ from the peach-colored,neocl
13、assical Egyptian Museum to their new resting place,the new National Museum of Egyptian Civilization.AtransportingBtransportCto be transportedDtransported 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:4 月 3 日,埃及人见证了 22 具木乃伊他们国家的古代统治者从桃色的新古典主义埃及博物馆运到他们新的安息地新埃及文明国家博物馆。分析句子结构,_ from the peach-colored 是分词作状语,transport 与其逻辑主语 22 mu
14、mmies 之间是被动关系,用过去分词,故选 D。14、_ by the failure in the exam,he was in no mood to contact his friends.ADepressedBDepressingCBeing depressedDTo be depressed 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:因考试失败而沮丧,他没有心情联系他的朋友们。分析句子结构可知,此处使用过去分词作状语。be depressed by 意为“因.沮丧”,故选择 A 项。15、_ some of the questions _,the man said good-bye to
15、 us without making himself _.ALeft;unanswering;understoodBLeaving;unanswered;understood CLeft;unanswering;understandingDLeaving;unanswered;understanding 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:那个人有些问题没有回答,他没有向我们表达他自己的意思,就跟我们说了再见。分析可知,第一空需要用分词作状语,the man 与 leave 之间为逻辑上的主动关系,所以用现在分词 leaving 作状6 语;第二空涉及“leave+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语 q
16、uestions 与 unanswer 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词 unanswered 作宾补;第三空涉及“make+宾语+宾补”结构,himself 与 understand 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词 understood 作宾补。故选 B 项。16、The first textbook _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.Ahad writtenBto be writtenCbeing writtenDwritten 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句
17、意:第一本为英语作为外语教学而编写的教科书出版在 16 世纪。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“came out”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“textbook”与“write”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系且“编写”的动作已经完成,故应用“write”的过去分词“written”作后置定语,表示被动和完成。故选 D 项。17、The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself by a young man in black.Awas followedBfollowed CfollowingDhad been followed 答案:B 解析
18、:考查过去分词。句意:这个女孩回头一看,发现自己被一个穿黑衣服的年轻人跟踪。herself 与 follow 之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。所以用 find sb.done 结构,所以选 B。18、I heard my favourite play _ again on the radio a few days ago.AperformBperformedCto performedDto have performed 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:几天前,我听到收音机里又播放了我最喜欢的那出戏。分析句子结构可知,“hear+宾7 语+宾语补足语”为固定用法,空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补
19、足语,排除 A 项;play 和 perform 为逻辑动宾关系,需用过去分词形式表被动,排除 C 项和 D 项。故选 B。19、All these gifts _,Tom left the shopping center immediately.Ato buyBwere boughtChave been boughtDbought 答案:D 解析:考查过去分词的独立主格结构。句意:所有这些礼物都买了,汤姆立刻离开了购物中心。Tom 是句子主语,谓语动词是一般过去时 left;All these gifts 和 buy 之间是被动关系,是 buy 的逻辑主语,这里是过去分词的独立主格结构。故选
20、 D。20、_to his research on the IT technology,he soon made a breakthrough.AAbsorbedBBuriedCDevotedDContributed 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:致力于对 IT 技术的研究,他很快取得了突破。A.Absorbed 专心致志于,其后常跟 in;B.Buried 专注于.。其后跟 in,C.Devoted 致力于.,其后跟 to;D.Contributed 给.做贡献,其后跟 to;短语 be devoted to sth.,意为“致力于”,分析可知,设空处在句中作状语,与句子主语 he
21、是被动关系,所以devote 此处用过去分词。故选 C。21、_ to train his daughter in English,he put an ad like this in the paper,“_,an English teacher for a tenyearold girl.”ADetermined;wantedBDetermined;wanting CDetermine;wantedDDetermining;wanting 答案:A 解析:8 考查非谓语动词。句意:决心训练女儿的英语,他在报纸上登了这样的广告,招聘一个十岁女孩的英语老师。determined 在此是过去分词作
22、状语,(be)determined to do sth.决定做某事;wanted 是招聘广告开头的固定用语,意为“招聘”。逻辑主语 English teacher,是被需要的,所以用过去分词,故选 A。小提示:22、This is an illness that can result in total blindness if _.Ato leave untreatingBleft untreated Cleaving untreatingDis left untreated 答案:B 解析:考查省略和非谓语动词。句意:这种疾病如果不治疗,可能导致完全失明。根据句意可知,动词 leave 和主
23、语之间是被动关系,if 引导的条件状语从句应该是 if it is left untreated,其中 it is 被省略,故选 B 项。23、_ our small flat,Bills house seemed like a palace.ACompared toBComparing toCTo compare withDCompare to 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:与我们的小公寓相比,比尔的房子就像一座宫殿。compare to=compare with 与相比,与逻辑主语 Bills house 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故选 A。24、The footbal
24、ler found himself immediately _ by _ fans as he entered the hall.Asurrounding;screamedBsurrounded;screaming Csurrounded;screamedDsurrounding;screaming 答案:B 解析:9 考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:当他进入大厅时,这位足球运动员发现自己立刻被尖叫的球迷包围了。分析句子可知,句子为 as 引导的时间状语从句。首先看第一个空,设空句有谓语动词 found 且句中无连词,故应用surround 的非谓语动词形式,surround 意为“包围”,动词
25、词性,与 himself 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,即他自己被包围,故应用 surround 的过去分词形式 surrounded,在句中作宾语补足语,故第一个空填 surrounded。再看第二个空,fans 为 fan 的复数形式,意为“迷”,句中指球迷,名词词性,前面应用形容词修饰,screaming 意为“尖叫的”,形容词词性,screaming fans 指“尖叫的球迷”,符合句意,故第二个空填 screaming。故选 B 项。25、With his attention _ on his book,he didnt notice me enter his study.Afocusin
26、gBfocusedCto focusDfocus 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词,句意:他聚精会神地看书,没有注意到我走进他的书房。本句为 with 的复合结构,attention与 focus 在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 B 项。26、In order not to be disturbed,I spent three days _ in my study.AlockingBlockedCto lockDlock 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:为了不被打扰,我把自己锁在书房里三天。动词 lock(锁)和主语 I 构成逻辑上的被动关系,只有选项 B 为过去分词
27、,表示被动。故选 B。27、So far,every possible means _ to save the miners_in the mine.Awere tried;stickingBhas been tried;stuck Chad been tried;stickingDhave been tried;stuck 答案:B 解析:10 考查时态及非谓语动词。句意:到目前为止,人们已经尝试了一切可能的方法来拯救困在矿井里的矿工。根据时间状语 So far 可知,应用现在完成时(has/have done),主语 every possible means 是单数概念,谓语动词使用第三人
28、称单数形式;动词 stick 与逻辑主语 the miners 是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作名词 the miners 的后置定语,表被动。故选 B。28、It is a pity that the industrial cities _ in the 19th century do not attract visitors.Ahaving been builtBbuiltCto be builtDhaving built 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:遗憾的是,这些建立于 19 世纪的工业城市并没有吸引来游客。分析句子可知,选项中给出的 build 一词在这里应该作后置定语修饰
29、cities,build 与 cities 之间属于被动关系,要用过去分词形式。故选 B 项。29、in fridge,these vegetables and fruit will remain fresh.AKeepingBHaving kept CKeptDTo keep 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这些蔬菜和水果放在冰箱里可以保持新鲜。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词 remain,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,动词 keep 与逻辑主语 these vegetables and fruit之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词 kept 作状语。故选 C。3
30、0、The movie,_ a poor,mountainous area where a girl works at a young age to support her family,moved us deeply.Abeing set inBto set inCset inDsetting in 答案:C 11 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这部电影以一个贫穷的山区为背景,在那里一个女孩很小的时候就工作来养活她的家庭,这让我们非常感动。动词短语 set in“开始,到来”是及物动词,和前文 The movie 之间是被动关系,故应用其过去分词的短语作后置定语,逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从
31、句。故选 C 项。31、Have you watched the film,“Hi,Mom”,_ the best film in 2021?Yes.It is a moving story _ in 1981 of China.Aconsidered;settingBconsidered;set Cconsidering;setDconsidering;setting 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:你看过你好,李焕英这部被认为是 2021 年最好的电影吗?是的。这是一个感人的故事,发生在 1981 年的中国。第一空名词 the film 与 consider 之间为被动关系,所以用过
32、去分词作定语;第二空名词考查短语 be set in 以为背景,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故选 B。32、Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.Agetting herself hearBto get herself hear Cgetting herself heardDto get herself heard 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦不得不大声喊叫,好让她的声音盖过音乐声。根据句意,海伦大声喊叫的目的是为了使自己的声音盖过音乐声,表示目的用动词不定式 to do;herself(她自己)与 hear(听
33、到)构成逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词 heard 作宾语补足语。故选 D 项。33、The crop scientists found the varieties of wheat_not only by the type of soil but also by the climate.ArestrictBrestrictingCrestrictedDto restrict 12 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:农作物科学家发现,小麦品种不仅受土壤类型的限制,而且受气候的限制。restrict“限制”,为及物动词。此处为“find+宾语+补语”,wheat 和 restrict 为动宾关
34、系,所以要用过去分词作宾补。结合选项,故选 C。34、_ what it is now,it was a small place then.ACompared toBCompare to CComparing toDCompare with 答案:A 解析:考查动词短语。句意:与现在相比,当时它是个小地方。分析句子可知,主句是 it was a small place then,故“_ what it is now”用非谓语动词形式作状语,compare 与逻辑主语 it 是被动关系,用过去分词形式,故选 A。小提示:35、_in the poorest area of Glasgow,he
35、had a long,hard road to becoming a football star.ABeing raisedBHaving raisedCRaisedDTo raise 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方被抚养长大,要想成为一名足球明星还有很长很艰难的路要走。分析句子成分可知,raised 作状语,和句子的主语 he 之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作状语,故选 C。小提示:36、With everything well _,he left the office.AarrangedBto arrangeCarrangingDarrange 13 答案:A
36、解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:一切安排妥当后,他离开了办公室。分析句子可知,句中涉及“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,在句中作状语,“arrange”意为“安排”,动词词性,“everything”与“arrange”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“arrange”的过去分词“arranged”作宾语补足语。故选 A 项。37、The disk,digitally _in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night ArecordedBrecordingCto be recordedDhaving recorded 答案:A 解析:
37、考查非谓语动词。句意:这个在录音棚录制的磁盘在那晚的聚会上听起来非常棒。句中逻辑主语为 the disk,与 record 之间的关系为被动关系,故用过去分词,选 A。小提示:38、He raised his voice in order to make himself _.AheardBhearingCbeing heardDto be heard 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:他提高了声音,以便别人能听到他的话。make sb/sth done 是英语习惯表达,动词make 后接复合宾语,非谓语动词 hear 和宾语 himself 之间是被动关系,用其过去分词作宾语补足语,符合句
38、意。故选 A 项。39、With his homework _,he went outside to play happily.AdoBdoneCto doDdoing 答案:B 14 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:做完作业,他出去愉快地玩。此处“with+宾语+宾语补足语”作状语,homework 与 do是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语,表被动和完成,故选 B。小提示:40、_ in a quiet street,the store almost exclusively stocks rare books by women.ALocatingBLocatedCBeing locatedDT
39、o locate 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这家书店坐落在一条僻静的街道上,几乎只出售女性的珍本书籍。短语 be located in表示“位于”,此处省略 be 动词,用过去分词作状语。故选 B。41、There are some health problems that,when _in time,can become bigger ones later on.Anot treatedBnot being treated Cnot to be treatedDnot having been treated 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:有些健康问题,如果不及时处理,以后
40、会变得更严重。when not treated in time 为插入语,在本句中为时间状语从句,把 that can become bigger ones later on 这个定语从句给隔开了。when 引导时间状语从句时,可以出现省略的现象,但必须满足两个条件:首先,时间状语从句中的主语必须和主句主语一致;其次,从句中含有 be 动词。本句补充完整的状语从句为:when they are not treated in time,其他选项形式不对。故答案为 A 项。42、Whatever you do,dont be a bystander.Get _.AinvolvedBinvolvin
41、gCto involveDbeing involved 15 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:无论你做什么,都不要做一个旁观者。参与进来。分析句子结构可知,此处 get 后需接过去分词,表示被动,强调动词的发生,所以空处需用过去分词 involved。故选 A。43、Is there anything wrong with your computer?Yes,there_ something wrong with it.I am going to have it_ tomorrow.Aseem to be;checkBseems to be;checked Cseem to being;
42、checkingDseems to being;checks 答案:B 解析:考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。句意:你的电脑有什么问题吗?是的,好像有点问题。我明天要检查一下。根据句型分析和句意可知,第一空是 seem to do,表“似乎要做”,为固定短语,该句为一般现在时,且主语是 something,所以 seem 应该用第三人称单数形式;第二空是 have sth done 表“让某事被做”,也为固定搭配。故选 B 项。44、The firm director quickly _ the new idea _ by the _ designer.Aapproved;put forward;g
43、iftingBapproved of;put out;gifted Capproved;put forward;giftedDapproved of;put out;gifting 答案:C 解析:考查动词和动词短语辨析以及形容词。句意:公司主管很快同意了那位天才设计师提出的新想法。第一空,approve 的基本意思是“具有或表达赞同意见”,主要用于上级对下级的计划、建议等表示赞同或在程序上“批准”或“通过”;approve 作“赞成,同意”解用作不及物动词时,常与 of 连用,这时其后可接包括人在内的名词、代词或动名词作宾语。结合语境可知此处指上级同意想法,应用 approve;第二空表示“
44、提出”应用 put forward,16 此处与逻辑主语 idea 构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,短语 put out 表示“熄灭”,与语境不符;第三空修饰名词 designer,表示“有天赋的,有才华的”应用形容词 gifted。综上,故选 C。45、Please remain_.Lets have a discussion and try to find a solution acceptable to both sides.AseatingBseatedCto seatDto be seated 答案:B 解析:考查过去分词。句意:请继续坐着。让我们讨论一下,试着找到一个双方都能接受的解决方案。设空处句子为祈使句,相当于省略了主语,设空处和主语之间是被动关系,应用过去分词接在系动词之后作表语,故选 B。