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高中英语词法之过去分词重点知识归纳.pdf

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1、1 高中英语词法之过去分词重点知识归纳高中英语词法之过去分词重点知识归纳 单选题 1、There were seven people killed in the accident,four children _.AincludingBcontainingCincludedDcontained 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:事故中有七人死亡,包括四名儿童。contain 和 include 都有“包含”的意思,但 contain强调容量,表示包含所含之物的全部或部分;include 强调范围,表示所包含之物中的一部分,此处应用“include”;且与“four children”之间是被

2、动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故选 C 项。2、With his attention _ on his book,he didnt notice me enter his study.AconcentratingBconcentratedCto concentrateDconcentrate 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语。句意:他全神贯注于他的书,没有注意到我进入他的书房。根据句型分析可知,本句考查 with sth done 结构中,done 作介词 with 后 sth 的宾补成分。本句中,his attention 和 concentrate 为被动关系,所以应用过去分词作宾补。故选 B

3、 项。3、With his arms _,George stood there silently and listened to what the reporter _.Afolding;sayingBfolded;being said Cfolded;was sayingDfolding;was to say 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词和时态。句意:乔治抱着双臂静静地站在那里,听记者在说什么。第一空为 with 的复合结构2 “with+宾语+宾补”,arm 与 fold 构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补;第二空,结合上文“George stood there silently and

4、listened to what the reporter”可知表示过去某个时刻动作正在发生,应用过去进行时。故选 C。4、_ comfortably in the chair,the old lady read a book attentively.ASeatedBSeatingCTo seatDBeing seated 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:老妇人舒舒服服地坐在椅子上,专心地读着一本书。分析可知,_comfortably in the chair 在句中为状语,句子主语 the old lady 与动词 seat 为动宾关系,短语:seat sb.“使某人就坐”,所以此处要

5、用过去分词。故选 A。5、Frank went back home,to study much harder than before.Awith his mind making upBhis mind making up Cwith his mind made upDhis mind being made up 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:弗兰克回到家,下定决心要比以前更加努力地学习。make up ones mind to do sth.下定决心做某事,可知,his mind 和 make up 之间为被动关系。分析句子可知,逗号后面是一个状语,如果用独立主格结构来表达,则为:hi

6、s mind made up。这里考查 with 的复合结构:with+宾语+宾语补足语,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 C。6、The story,_ by a middle school student,is popular in schools.Ato writeBwritingCwroteDwritten 答案:D 解析:3 考查动词。句意:这个故事是一个中学生写的,在学校很受欢迎。分析句子可知,空格处为非谓语,动词write 和所修饰的名词 story 之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词 written 和后文构成短语作定语,此处由逗号隔开,相当于一个非限制性定语从句 which wa

7、s written。故选 D 项。7、A diet_plant lite can help with the prevention of heart disease and even cancer.Abasing onBto be based onCbased onDto base on 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:以植物精华为基础的饮食可以帮助预防心脏病甚至癌症。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词 can help with 且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词。句中涉及固定短语“be based on”,意为“以为基础”,diet 与 base on 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故应用 b

8、ase on 的过去分词 based on,在句中作后置定语,意为“以植物精华为基础的饮食”。故选 C 项。8、Now that you are not feeling well,you might as well have an X-ray of your stomach _.Ato takeBtakeCtakenDtaking 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:既然你感到不舒服,你最好去给你的胃拍个 X 光片子。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查“have+宾语+过去分词作宾补”的结构,这里的“take”和“an X-ray of your stomach”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用

9、过去分词作宾补。故选 C。9、_by the police,the kidnappers had no choice but _up.ASurrounding;to giveBHaving surrounded;to give CSurrounded;to giveDSurrounded;give 答案:C 解析:4 考查非谓语和固定搭配。句意:被警察包围后,那个绑架犯别无选择,只能投降。根据句子结构和意思可知,第一个空格要填的动词 surround 和句子主语 the kidnappers 是被动的关系,所以要用过去分词形式;have no choice but to do 是固定搭配,表示

10、“除了做.别无选择”的意思,所以第二个空格要用动词不等式。故选 C。10、The film _ on the novel by Simpson has got the first prize in the Oscar film festival.AbasedBbasingCbasesDbeing based 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这部根据辛普森的小说改编的电影在奥斯卡电影节上获得了一等奖。分析句子结构可知,本句已有一个谓语动词,且没有连接词,此时要使用非谓语动词,短语 be based on“以.为根据”,故使用过去分词作后置定语,故选择 A 项。11、_ with tradi

11、tional shopping,online shopping can provide more convenience and choices.AComparingBCompareCTo compareDCompared 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:与传统购物相比,网上购物可以提供更多的方便和选择。分析可知,_ with traditional shopping 为句子的状语,动词 compare 和句子主语 online shopping 为动宾关系,所以此处要用过去分词。选项 D 符合题意,故选 D。12、More than one city _ activities to p

12、ay tribute to(向 致 敬)the frontline workers _ to fighting against Covid-19.Ahave organized;devotedBhas organized;devoting Chave organized;devotingDhas organized;devoted 答案:D 解析:5 考查主谓一致和过去分词。句意:不止一个城市组织活动向致力于抗击新冠肺炎的前线工作者致敬。“more than one+可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,故第一空助动词用 has;动词 devote 和逻辑主语workers 之间是动宾关

13、系,第二空应用过去分词作后置定语。故选 D 项。13、To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can.AspeakBspeakingCspokenDto speak 答案:C 解析:考查过去分词。句意:为了学好英语,我们应该找机会尽可能多的听英语。本句的主语是 we,谓语部分是 find,宾语是 opportunities,所以这里 speak 是非谓语动词,speak 的逻辑主语是 English,两者是被动关系,故用过去分词表示被动,故选 C 项。14、_by self

14、-interest,he is never absent _ lectures on the subject AMotivated;forBMotivating;for CBeing motivated;fromDMotivated;from 答案:D 解析:考查过去分词和固定搭配。句意:出于自身利益的驱使,他从不缺席有关这一主题的讲座。前半句没有主语,两句之间无连接词连接,所以第一空需要用非谓语动词,motivate 和 he 之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作原因状语,故第一空填 Motivated。be absent from 表示“缺席.”,是固定搭配,故第二空填 from,故选 D 项

15、。15、_,Bryan had to make great effort to concentrate on the book,_.AAbsorbed in its story;ignoring the outside world BAbsorbing in its story;to ignore the outside world CTo be absorbed in its story;ignoring the outside world 6 DBeing absorbed in its story;to ignore the outside world 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句

16、意:布莱恩沉浸在故事情节中,努力把注意力集中在书中,忽略了外面的世界。be absorbed in 专心于,在句中作状语,所以用过去分词作状语;逻辑主语 Bryan 与 ignore 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故选 A。16、He didnt keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch _.Ato repairBrepairingCrepairDrepaired 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:他已叫人把表修了,所以不再问我时间了。此处为“have something done”结构,表示“使某事

17、被做”,手表是被修,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 D。17、Thousands of products _ from coal are now in daily use.AmadeBmakeCmakingDto make 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:成千上万的煤制品现在在日常生活中使用。products 与“make”之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词,此处作定语。故选 A。18、The guidelines aim to hold back the growing practice of young children _ in a way that pushes them b

18、eyond what children at their age should learn.AeducatedBto educateCbeing educatedDeducating 答案:C 7 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这些指导方针旨在抑制目前不断发展的迫使受教育儿童超前学习他们应学内容的教育方式。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语为 aim to,所以 educate 在句中应使用非谓语形式。由句意可知“接受教育”与逻辑主语“children”之间为被动关系,所以应使用被动语态结构,结合“目前”可知是“正在接受教育的方式”,所以用非谓语动词中表示正在进行的被动语态结构 being done。

19、故填 being educated。19、With the homework _,he was allowed to watch the football match.AfinishedBfinishingCto finishDto be finished 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:作业做完后,他被允许看足球赛。分析句子结构可知,此处是 with 的复合结构,其构成为:with+n+非谓语动词,空处动词 finish 与其逻辑主语 homework 之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词 finished 作宾语补足语。故选 A。20、E-shopping,when properly

20、_,can save us a lot of time and energy.Abeing doneBis doneCdoingDdone 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:正确地进行网上购物可以节省我们大量的时间和精力。分析句子可知是,设空处应填非谓语动词和 when 一起作为时间状语,逻辑主语 E-shopping 和 do 之间是被动关系,应用过去分词;虽然being done 也表被动,但它是现在分词的被动或动名词的被动,与题意不合。故选 D 项。21、_ in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childre

21、ns love of art.AFoundBHaving founded CFoundedDFounding 答案:C 8 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这所学校创建于 20 世纪初,不断激发孩子们对艺术的热爱。句中有谓语动词 keeps on 且句中无连词,故应用 found 的非谓语动词形式,found 意为“创建,创办”,动词词性,句子主语 the school与 found 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,即学校被创建,故应用 found 的过去分词 founded,在句中作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故选 C 项。22、And there,almost _ in the big chair,sa

22、t her little brother,who never had to be told to keep quiet.Ahaving lostBlosingCto be lostDlost 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:她的弟弟坐在那里,几乎要陷进大椅子里,他从来没有被告知要保持安静。分析句子结构可知,空处作句子的状语,逻辑主语为 brother,与 lose 构成逻辑上的被动关系,此处用过去分词作状语。故选 D 项。23、I walked out of the movie theater,_ never to come back to this place.Abeing deter

23、minedBdetermined Cto determineDdetermine 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:我走出电影院,下定决心再也不回到这个地方。be determined to do sth.决定做某事,该用法是固定用法,去掉 be 动词,用过去分词短语作状语,故选 B。24、All the afternoon he worked with the door _ so that he wouldnt be disturbed.AlockedBto lockCbeing lockedDlocking 答案:A 9 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午他都锁着门工作,以免受到打扰

24、。此处为 with 的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”,且 door 与 lock 构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故选 A。25、We believe the time and hard work _in completing such an assignment are _.Ainvolved;worthwhileBinvolving;worth Cto involve;worthyDinvolved;worth of 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词和形容词辨析。句意:我们相信完成这项任务所花费的时间和努力是值得的。第一空,分析句子结构可知 involve 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻

25、辑主语 the time and hard work 构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语,故排除 B、C 选项;第二空中,根据上文 are 可知应填形容词 worthwhile 作表语,D 选项 be worth of 后要跟宾语,此处没有宾语,故排除 D 选项。故选 A。26、Waking up in the morning,Tom was surprised to find himself_ with a large carpet.AcoveringBcoveredCcoverDto cover 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:早上醒来,Tom 惊讶地发现自己身上覆盖着一块大地毯。分

26、析句子可知,动词 find 后接复合宾语,动词 cover 和宾语 himself 之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词 covered 作补足语。故选 B 项。27、With his attention _on the shops along the roadside,he knocked an old man down while riding to school.AconcentratingBconcentrated Cto concentrateDconcentrates 答案:B 10 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:他把注意力集中在路边的商店上,在骑车上学的时候撞倒了一位老人。concent

27、rate 与attention 是逻辑动宾关系,应使用过去分词作宾语补足语,表被动。故选 B。28、The Internet makes it easier to keep us _ what is happening in the world.Abeing informedBbe informed ofCinformingDinformed of 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:互联网使我们更容易了解世界上正在发生的事情。短语 inform.of,此处为 keep+宾语+宾补结构,us 与 inform 构成被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补。故选 D。29、To return to the

28、 problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a study _ in 2012.AconductedBconductingCbeing conductedDwas conducted 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:回到水污染的问题上,我想让你们看看 2012 年进行的一项研究。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;动词 conduct 与名词 study 之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故选 A。30、The audience_before TV sets are liste

29、ning to the heros stories with their eyes_upon him.Aseating;fixingBseated;fixingCseated;fixedDseating;fixed 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:观众们坐在电视机前面的观众听这位英雄故事的时候,目光集中在他的身上。分析可知,空格 1 是作定语,修饰 The audience,与 seat 是被动关系,用过去分词 seated 作后置定语,表状态。故空11 格 1 填 seated;空格 2 是作宾补,属于 with 的复合结构。fix 与宾语 their eyes 是被动关系,要用过去分

30、词。故空格 2 填 fixed,故选 C。31、With an examination _,the students felt relaxed and enjoyed themselves a whole night.Abeing takenBtakenCtakeDtaking 答案:B 解析:考查 with 复合结构。句意:随着考试被参加,学生们感到放松并快活了一个晚上。分析句子可知,这里符合with 引导的复合结构 with+宾语+宾语补足语,其中 an examination 与选项所给的 take 之间属于动宾关系(学生参加考试),应使用过去分词形式。故选 B。32、Prince Ph

31、ilip championed many causes and charities when alive,including setting up the hugely successful Duke of Edinburgh Award scheme _at encouraging schoolchildren to take part in character-building activities.AaimingBbeing aimedChaving aimedDaimed 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:菲利普亲王在世时支持过许多事业和慈善事业,包括成功设立了爱丁堡公爵奖励计划,

32、旨在鼓励学生参与塑造性格的活动。be aimed at 意为“旨在,为了”,为固定搭配,此处省略 be 动词,用过去分词作后置定语。虽然 being aimed 也表被动,但本句没有表示两个动作同时进行。故选 D。33、The findings were published last week as part of the household expenditure survey,which is a detailed study _ every five years.Ato be conductedBhaving been conducted Cbeing conductedDconduct

33、ed 答案:D 解析:12 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些调查结果是上周公布的家庭支出调查的一部分,该调查每五年进行一次详细研究。动词 conduct 和逻辑主语 study 之间是动宾关系,应使用过去分词作后置定语,故选 D 项。34、_ some of the questions _,the man said good-bye to us without making himself _.ALeft;unanswering;understoodBLeaving;unanswered;understood CLeft;unanswering;understandingDLeaving;unans

34、wered;understanding 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:那个人有些问题没有回答,他没有向我们表达他自己的意思,就跟我们说了再见。分析可知,第一空需要用分词作状语,the man 与 leave 之间为逻辑上的主动关系,所以用现在分词 leaving 作状语;第二空涉及“leave+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语 questions 与 unanswer 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词 unanswered 作宾补;第三空涉及“make+宾语+宾补”结构,himself 与 understand 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词 understood 作宾补。故选 B

35、 项。35、The first textbook _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.Ahad writtenBto be writtenCbeing writtenDwritten 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:第一本为英语作为外语教学而编写的教科书出版在 16 世纪。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“came out”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“textbook”与“write”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系且“编写”的动作已经完成,故应用“write”的过去分词“wri

36、tten”作后置定语,表示被动和完成。故选 D 项。36、The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself by a young man in black.Awas followedBfollowed CfollowingDhad been followed 答案:B 13 解析:考查过去分词。句意:这个女孩回头一看,发现自己被一个穿黑衣服的年轻人跟踪。herself 与 follow 之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。所以用 find sb.done 结构,所以选 B。37、I heard my favourite play _ agai

37、n on the radio a few days ago.AperformBperformedCto performedDto have performed 答案:B 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:几天前,我听到收音机里又播放了我最喜欢的那出戏。分析句子结构可知,“hear+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法,空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语,排除 A 项;play 和 perform 为逻辑动宾关系,需用过去分词形式表被动,排除 C 项和 D 项。故选 B。38、_ by Smartphones high-quality built-in cameras and easy access to pic

38、ture enhancing apps,“selfies”become a popular form of self-expression among social media users.ABeing made possibleBTo make possible CMade possibleDMaking possible 答案:C 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:由于智能手机内置的高质量摄像头和图片增强应用程序的便捷,“自拍”成为社交媒体用户中流行的自我表达形式。分析句子可知,句子主语为“selfies”,非谓语动词 make“使得”和主语之间是被动关系,所以应用其过去分词作状语,表原因,因和

39、主语并无进行关系,排除 A 项。故选 C 项。39、_to his research on the IT technology,he soon made a breakthrough.AAbsorbedBBuriedCDevotedDContributed 答案:C 解析:14 考查非谓语动词。句意:致力于对 IT 技术的研究,他很快取得了突破。A.Absorbed 专心致志于,其后常跟 in;B.Buried 专注于.。其后跟 in,C.Devoted 致力于.,其后跟 to;D.Contributed 给.做贡献,其后跟 to;短语 be devoted to sth.,意为“致力于”,分

40、析可知,设空处在句中作状语,与句子主语 he 是被动关系,所以devote 此处用过去分词。故选 C。40、_ to train his daughter in English,he put an ad like this in the paper,“_,an English teacher for a tenyearold girl.”ADetermined;wantedBDetermined;wanting CDetermine;wantedDDetermining;wanting 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:决心训练女儿的英语,他在报纸上登了这样的广告,招聘一个十岁女孩的英语老

41、师。determined 在此是过去分词作状语,(be)determined to do sth.决定做某事;wanted 是招聘广告开头的固定用语,意为“招聘”。逻辑主语 English teacher,是被需要的,所以用过去分词,故选 A。小提示:41、This is an illness that can result in total blindness if _.Ato leave untreatingBleft untreated Cleaving untreatingDis left untreated 答案:B 解析:考查省略和非谓语动词。句意:这种疾病如果不治疗,可能导致完全

42、失明。根据句意可知,动词 leave 和主语之间是被动关系,if 引导的条件状语从句应该是 if it is left untreated,其中 it is 被省略,故选 B 项。42、_ our small flat,Bills house seemed like a palace.ACompared toBComparing toCTo compare withDCompare to 15 答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:与我们的小公寓相比,比尔的房子就像一座宫殿。compare to=compare with 与相比,与逻辑主语 Bills house 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分

43、词作状语。故选 A。43、The great hall was crowded with many people,_ many children _ on their parents laps.Aincluding;seatingBincluded;seated Cincluded;seatingDincluding;seated 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这个大厅挤满了人,包括很多坐在父母大腿上的孩子。分析句子结构可知第一空用现在分词,因为 many people 与动词 include“包含”是主谓关系,故用现在分词。而第二空使用过去分词类形容词seated 表示“入座了的”这

44、一状态。故选 D 项。44、_ the group of death,Chinese womens volleyball team needed all of its fighting spirit and they were not going to give up.AAssigning toBBe assigned toCAssign toDAssigned to 答案:D 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:被分入“死亡之组”,中国女排需要燃起全部的斗志,她们不会放弃。选项中指明要使用 assign 一词,分析句子可知,assign 在句中作状语,是非谓语动词,与主句主语之间是动宾关系(中国女排被分派),要用过去分词形式。故选 D。45、In order not to be disturbed,I spent three days _ in my study.AlockingBlockedCto lockDlock 答案:B 16 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:为了不被打扰,我把自己锁在书房里三天。动词 lock(锁)和主语 I 构成逻辑上的被动关系,只有选项 B 为过去分词,表示被动。故选 B。

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