外研版(衔接版)七年级英语上册Module 1 Section 2 Words and Expressions.doc

MODULE 1 Nice to meet youPart 2: Teaching Resources第二部分 教学资源Section 2: Words and Expressions 1. firstnum. 第一 any person, thing, place, etc. that is first: They were the first to arrive at the party. 晚会上他们最早到达。 n. 1. (竞赛中之）冠军 the winning place in a race or competition: He was first in the spelling bee. 他在拼字比赛中获得冠军。 2. 开始，最初 the beginning: The first of May is International Labour Day. 五月一日是国际劳动节。 adj. 第一 before all others: January is the first month of the year. 一月是一年中的第一个月。 He was the first air pilot to cross the Atlantic. 他是飞越大西洋的第一个飞行员。 the first floor （英）二（层）楼；（美）底层；一楼 the first house (book, one, etc.) 第一所房子（本书，个） the first lesson 第一课 the first two 头两个 for the first time 第一次 in the first place 首先 adv. 1. 首先地，最初地，第一 before all others, at the beginning: He came first in the race. 他赛跑得第一。 2. 第一次 for the first time: I first heard of it yesterday. 昨天我第一次听说它。 I first met him in 1932. 第一次见到他是在1932年。 2. lesson n. 1. 上课；一节课 time when you learn something with a teacher: The lesson begins. 上课开始啦。 I gave him a lesson in French. 我给他上了一堂法语课。 The lesson lasted forty five minutes. 这节课上了四十五分钟。We have an English lesson every day. 我们每天都有一节英语课。 Shes having music lessons this year. 她今年在上音乐课。 How long does the lesson last? 这节课（或这课书）上多久？ 2. 功课；课程 a course of instruction: have you learnt your lesson? 你学会了功课吗？ The lessons he taught were not easily forgotten. 他所教的课不容易忘掉。 Have you done your lessons for tomorrow? 你明天的功课已做好了吗？ 3. 教训；有用的例证 a piece of knowledge gained by experience; a useful example: It is a severe lesson to all of us. 这是我们大家的一个深刻教训。 They taught the governor a lesson by giving him a good beating. 他们狠狠地揍了总督一顿，给了他一个教训。 It served as a lesson to him. 这可以作为他的一个教训。 3. classn. 1. 班；年级；课 group of children or students who learn together, their course of teaching: Im in Class 9, Grade 1, of the No. 15 Middle School. 我在十五中一年级九班学习。 The class is dismissed. 下课。 He was a class ahead of me at college. 他在大学比我高一年级。 The classes have closed for winter holidays. 已停课放寒假。 an advanced class 高级班 an art class 艺术课 a continuation class 补习班 a cooking class 烹饪课 day (evening) class 日（夜）课 the graduating class of this year 本届的毕业班 an intermediate class 中级班 science class 理科课 between classes 课间 a class for shorthand 速记课 a class in English 英语课 attend classes at a college 在一所大学上课 conduct a new class 上新课 have classes in judo 上柔道课 hold classes for immigrants 为移民上课 open class in shorthand 开速记课 2. 阶级 people of the same social or economic level: They represent a very different social class. 他们代表非常不同的社会阶级。 the bourgeois class 资产阶级 the cultured class 有教养的阶级 the educated class 知识阶层 the landlord class 地主阶级 the moneyed class 有钱阶级 the propertied class 有产阶级 the ruling class 统治阶级 the working class 工人阶级 all classes of the community 社会各阶级 among all classes 在社会各阶级中 as a class 作为一个阶级 contrast the classes and the masses 把阶级与大众做比较 do away with all classes 消灭一切阶级 3. 种类；门类；类别；等级 group having qualities of the same kind; kind, sort, or division: Under what class does this fall? 这应归哪一类？ It constitutes a class by itself. 它自成一类。 a cheap class of boiler 一种质量低劣的锅炉 a journal of high class 第一流的期刊 the same class 同一类 travel (in) second class 二等票旅行 place it in the class of 把它列入的一类 a class of men 同一类型的人 be of this class 属于这一类 form a class apart (=by oneself) 自成一类 take them as a class 把它们看成同一种类 vt. 归类；分类；评判 put into a class; classify; form a judgment of: Medicines are broadly classed as internal or external ones. 药物分为内服药与外用药两类。 It is classed high in literature. 这本书在文学中享有崇高的地位。 He classed two specimens together. 他把两种标本归为一类。 The island is classed among the most beautiful sights. 该岛属于最美丽的风景之一。 It is classed as an agricultural state. 这个州被划为农业州。 4. close adj. 1. 靠近的 near in space: The shops are close to our home. 商店离我们家很近。 Is it because we are closer to the sun in summer than we are in winter? 是因为我们在夏天比在冬天离太阳近一些吗？ 2.（次序或排列上）接近的；拥挤的；稠密的 near in order or arrangement; crowded; thick: a close thicket 稠密的灌木丛 march in close order 以密集的队形前进 3.（种类或关系）接近的；相近或相似的 near in kind or relationship; very near or similar: a state close to hysteria 一种近似歇斯底里症的状态 4. 接近；几乎；将近 nearly; almost: Close to 100 students attended the lecture. 将近一百个学生出席那次演讲。 Im close to five pounds lighter (heavier) than I was last winter. 我比去年冬天时要减轻（加重）将近五磅。 几乎相等的；几乎平手的 nearly equal or even: a close game (race, contest) 一个势均力敌的比赛 4. 亲密的；亲切的；亲信的 intimately associated; familiar; confidential: a close friend (friendship) 一个亲密的朋友 5. 谨慎的；彻底的；严格的；精确的 careful; thorough; strict; exact: a close copy (translation) 一份精确的拷贝 6. 紧闭的 shut tightly; not open: a close box 紧闭的盒子 7. 缺少新鲜空气的；窒闷的 lacking fresh air; stifling: The room smells a close damp smell. 那房间闻起来有股窒闷潮湿的味道。 8. 剪短的 cut short: My hair has been cut too close. 我的头发剪得太短了。 adv. 接近地；靠近地 near in space: He was standing close by me. 他紧靠我站着。 She came (stepped, walked) close to him. 她走近他。 Be careful; do not stand close to the fire. 当心！别挨近火站着。 v. 关上 shut: The caretaker closes up the school at 6 p.m. 下午六点钟看管人员关闭了校门。 5. openadj. 1. 开着的 not closed, so that people or things can go in and out: Leave the windows open, so that fresh air can come into the room. 让窗户开着吧，这样新鲜空气就能进到房间里来。 He looked at me with open eyes. 他睁大眼睛瞧着我。 The captain tore open the boys shirt. 上尉撕开了孩子的衬衣。 2. 开阔的；空旷的 not enclosed: An open sea appeared before us. 我们前面呈现出广阔的大海。 3. 无封口的；开口的 not closed, so that you can look in: This is an open box. 这是一个开着口的盒子。 4. 在营业的 ready for business: You cant get any money because the banks arent open. 你取不到钱，因为银行不开门。 When is the post office open? 邮局什么时候营业？ 5. 无遮盖的 not covered: This is an open market. 这是一个露天市场。 6. 公开的；开放的 not for a special group: The competition is open to all children. 这次比赛所有的孩子都可参加。The museum is open to the public. 博物馆对外开放。 7. 开放的；伸展的 spread out, extended: The flowers were all open. 花儿全开了。 Birds fly with the wings open. 鸟儿展翅飞翔。 He showed me a small jewel on his open hand. 他张开手给我看掌上的一颗小宝石。 8. 未填满的；空缺的 not filled or engaged: Is the position still open? 那职位还空着吗？ 9. 坦率的；坦诚的 honest, direct: She is a very friendly, open person. 她是一位很友好很坦率的人。 未决定的 not yet decided: This is an open question. 这是一个尚未解决的问题。 v. 打开 unfasten something so that people or things can go in, out, or through it: Lets open the window to let in some fresh air. 咱们把窗子打开，放点新鲜空气进来吧。 He opened the door so that I could come in. 他打开门，这样我就可以进来。 I opened the door for the ladies to pass. 我开门让女士们通过。 2. 掀开；张开 move so that you can see inside, underneath. etc,: He hasnt opened the letter yet. 他还没有拆开信呢。 The babys mouth opened and it began to cry. 婴儿张开嘴哭起来了。 Please open the bottle for me! 请替我把瓶子打开！ 3. 展开；松开 unfold something: The flowers are opening. 花儿开了。 Open your hand and let me see what you have in it. 你摊开手，让我看看你拿的是什么。 4. 开始 begin, start to happen: The meeting will open at 8 oclock. 会议八点开始。 The meeting opened on April lst. 会议四月一日开幕了。 5. 使开始；开张 say that something can begin or is ready: The governor opened the new hospital. 省长宣布这所新医院正式开业。 With their help we opened a small bookshop. 在他们的帮助下，我们开了一家小书店。 n. U 室外；露天 outdoors: They can give a show out in the open within minutes after their arrival. 他们到达后，几分钟之内就会演出。 6. matchn. 1. C 火柴 a small piece of wood which burns when rubbed against the box: I have no matches with me. 我身边没带火柴。 Where can John have put the matches? He cant have thrown them away. 约翰把火柴放到哪里了？他不会把火柴扔了吧。 2. C 比赛 game between two people or teams: I like to watch tennis matches. 我喜欢看网球赛。 Weve played lots of matches this season, but we havent won many. 这个季节，我们进行了多次比赛，但是赢的不多。 Will you go to watch the basketball match this afternoon? 今天下午你要去看篮球比赛吗？ Wasnt it a great match! 这场比赛太精彩了！ 3. C 对手 a person equal in strength or ability, etc.: A boy is not a match for a man. 小孩不是大人的对手。 Youre no match for him; he plays tennis far better than you. 你不是他的对手，他打网球比你强得多。 4. C 匹配，配对物 something that is the same shape, colour, size, etc.: The hat is match for the coat. 这顶帽子和这件上衣很相配。 Those two horses make a good match. 那两匹马很配。 C 婚姻 a marriage: His parents approved of the match. 他的父母赞成了这门亲事。 Those two have made a match of it. 他们两个已经结婚。 5. C 配偶 a person regarded as a future husband or wife: That young man is a good match. 那个年青人是个结婚的好对象。 vt. 1. 相配，相称，相比 to fit together in colour, shape, or size: Ruths blouse matches her skirt. 露丝的衬衫和她的裙子很相配。 2. 使某人或物同另一人或物竞争 set sb. or sth. against another: Im ready to match my strength with (against) yours. 我准备和你比力气。 If you match that material against this you will find that one is slightly lighter than the other. 如你把那个材料同这个材料比较一下，你会看到那个比这个略轻一些。 3. 和匹敌，是的对手 be a match for, be equal to: You cant match him in chess. He plays it so well. 你不能和他比下象棋，他下得太好了。 4. 适合，相配 fit, suit: The trimming does not match the hat. 这个饰物和帽子不相称。 vi. 适合，相配 fit, suit: The carpets and curtains match well. 地毯和窗帘很相配。 These gloves do not match. 这些手套不相配。 She is happily matched with him. 她高兴地同他结 7. writevt. 1. 书写；写下 make words with a pen, pencil, etc. on paper, etc.: He writes English better than he speaks it. 他用英文书写的能力比说英语的能力强。 He wrote a few words on a piece of paper. 他在一张纸上写了几句话。 2. 写信；函告 send a letter: You wrote some letters to your friends last month, didnt you? 上月你写了几封信给你的朋友，对吗？ Write a note to your brother. 写个条子给你弟弟（或哥哥）。 3. 写作；编写；著述 make a story, book, newspaper article, etc.: Wordsworth wrote poetry. 华兹华斯写诗。 The professor has written many books. 那位教授写了许多书。 vi. 写字 make or put down letter or words on paper: The child is learning to write. 这个孩子在学写字。 He writes very well. 他写得很好。 My boyfriend writes to me every week. 我的男朋友每星期给我写信。 He writes for a living. 他靠写作为生。 8. practise: v. 1. 实行；实践 to do something; to act, not just to think about doing something: You should practise what you tell other people to do. 你叫别人去做的事，你自己应该实行。 2. 练习 to do something again and again to become better at it: He is practising the piano now. 他现在正在练（习弹）钢琴。 The trouble is we dont practise enough. 问题是我们练习得不够。 The team is practising for the match on Saturday. 这个队正在为星期六的比赛进行训练。 We often practise speaking English among ourselves. 我们经常互相间练习讲英语。 9. cityn. 城市；都市 a large important town Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. 上海是世界上最大的城市之一。 A river flows through the city. 一条河穿过城市。 Galileo lived in the city of Pisa. 伽利略住在比萨市。 a business city 商业城市 the capital city 首府 a cosmopolitan city 国际性城市 a lake city 湖泊城市 a large and flourishing city 繁荣的大城市 a medium sized city 中等城市 a phantom city 幻市 a port (=seaport) city 港口城市 an overpopulated city 人口过剩的城市 burn a city 烧毁城市 dust a city 清扫城市 found a city 建造城市 plan a city 规划城市 pollute a city 污染城市