高中英语《Unit3-Underthesea》语法探究-新人教版选修7.doc

Unit 3 Under the sea
语法探究

一、动名词的被动形式
1. 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这个动作的对象时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式。
So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 因此那时给鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。
He could no bear being made fun of like that. 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。
2. 在want, need, deserve, require等动词后，尽管表示的是被动的意思，我们却用动名词的主动形式。
My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了。
The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提一下.
二、现在分词的被动形式
在表示一个被动动作时，如果这个动作是现在正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，我们可以用现在分词的被动。这种形式可以用来：
(1) 作定语
That building being repaired is our library.正在翻修的那座楼是我们的图书馆。
He asked who was the man being operated on.他问这时动手术的人是谁。
(2) 构成复合结构
You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere.你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。
He often watched the boated being unloaded. 他常常看轮船卸货。
(3) 作状语
Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.
有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝。
Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.
有一堵厚墙掩护着，他们感到很安全。
有时还有完成被动形式：
Having been given such a good chance, how could se let it slip away?
人家给了她这样一个好机会，她怎么能轻易放过？
The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan.
决议既已做出，下个问题就是如何制定一个好的规划了。

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