现在分词V-ing的语态问题探讨.docx

现在分词V-ing的语态问题探讨
重庆市聚奎中学校 郑富祥
（2015年8月28日编写）
一、 现在分词V-ing的形态变化
1. (not) doing
2. (not) having done
3. being done
4. (not) having been done
二、 现在分词V-ing的语态含义
1. (not) doing 常表示该动作与谓语动作（几乎）同时发生，常作定、状、补等，表示主动含义。
e.g.
The girl standing in front of the pool comes from the USA.
Catching sight of a snake on her way, Jane let out a cry of fear.
He saw a stranger rushing out of the room when he arrived there.
注：部分已经形容词化的现在分词doing也常作表语或定语等，此时无具体的语态含义。
e.g.
The amusing play made her feel relaxing.
2. (not) having done 常表示该动作先于谓语动作发生，常作状语，表主动含义。
e.g.
Having finished his homework, Tom turned on his computer.
3. being done 常作后置定语，表示一个被动的动作正在进行着，当然表被动含义。
e.g.
The highway being constructed now will sure promote the economic development of this area.
4. (not) having been done 常表示一个先于谓语发生的被动动作，常作状语，表被动含义。
e.g.
Having been cheated twice by her fellow Tom, Mary determined never to believe in him again.
[Practice] Choose A or B (try your best to finish this task within 2 minutes):
1. The temple _______________ at the present time dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
A. repairing B. being repaired
2. She escaped punishment because nobody in the store caught her ______________.
A. stealing B. being stolen
3. Not __________________ to the USA, she is not familiar with everything there.
A. having been B. being
4. __________________ in the leg, he had to stop running and hide himself in the bushes.
A. Having wounded B. Having been wounded
[Key] 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B