1、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词bbbag bike bus blueckcake cardsface decide cinemadddesk dad dayfffine five face offgorange age ggood bag gothankhhhello hat hot handjjacket job Junekkkey like bikellhello like lakeapple full bottlemmmorning name mennno nice inppmap pen applerrFrank redssspell thanks sixzplease is nose
2、ttit what white tenvvevening vest verywwwhat we wellxksbox sixyjyou yellow yes zzzoo zeroshEnglish she ship chChina chess chairththank threethis that theyckkblack chickphfphone photowhwwhat whitehwho whosetrtrtreedrdrdresststswhats its catsdsdzbeds hands cardsqukwquite quiet元音字母在重读开音节中的读音 元音字母读 音例 词
3、aeiname gameei:he she meiaifine likeoougo homeuju: u:use blue元音字母在重读闭音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词aAlice map black thank eebed let pen desk yes eggiiis in it this sit six milkonot box dog hot clock umum bus cup lunch元音字母组合在重读闭音节中的读音元音字母组 合读音例词ai ayei eyei say day again playeight they greyalo:all ball talk wallea
4、i:tea teacher pleaseeei:green bee threeoaouboat coat goat oo u:noon too moon foodugood look book cookouowaumouth house abouthow now brown downoi oyoiboy toy noise-r音节的读音字母读 音例 词ar:are car far farmeror:or for sport shorteriruror(w前):her certainlygirl bird first shirtturn nurse word worse 英语单词拼读规则表1.单
5、词注音方法推荐在阅读过程中经常需要给一些生词注音,如果把音标写在单词的附近,一是麻烦,二是没有足够的空间来写音标,三是不需要把所有的音标符号都标注出来。实际上许多字组的发音不需要查字典也知道该读什么音,不知道的信息可能是这个词的重音位置、重读音节中元字组的读音、个别辅音字母的读音等。所以使用几个符号就可以很完美地给一个单词注音。使用的符号为: 长音符号 _ 短音符号 .重音符号 音符号。 i音符号丨哑音符号其中短音符号 . 和重音符号 也可以充当音节分割符号。这些符号主要用来标注元音字组的读音。绝大多数辅音字组无需注音,少数辅音字组的读音还得靠音标来标注。例如: studentstudent
6、studentstudystudy condolencecondolencefeaturefeature featurefeatherfeather brownbrowncountrysympathy2.对英语单词可拼读性的认识以整个词为单位,如果词中某个字组读音不规则,或词的重音位置不规则,那么这个词就属于读音不规则的词。以音节为单位,如果词中某个音节读音不规则,那么这个音节就属于读音不规则的音节。以字组为单位,如果词中某个字组读音不规则,那么这个字组就属于读音不规则的字组。3.辅音字母双写的含义辅音字母双写,主要是为了强调双写辅音字母前面的元音字母要发短音,或者说要按元音字母在重读闭音节中
7、的拼读规则读音。例如:Seattle。通常ea被看作一个元字组,具有不可分割性,即便是这样,在双写辅音字母前面也被拆分开了。例外的情况也有:suggestion collapse4.字组的不可分割性不管是元字组还是辅字组都具有不可分割性,所以在给一个词划分音节时,不把字组拆分到两个音节中去。例如:daugh-ter chil-dren。但有的词在遇到类似情况时还要考虑到词的来源。例如:wardroom,dr被划分到不同的音节里,是因为ward和room本来就是两个词。有时辅音字母连缀也有这种现象。辅音字母双写,一方面可以方便找出音节划分点,另一方面是为了强调双写辅音字母前面的单个元音字母是个闭
8、音节,例如:Seattle ,其中的字母a发短音。又例如:worry,现在把o读成 音的人多起来了。5.判断单词读音的三个步骤一、数元字组的个数数一数元字组的数目。有几个元字组就有几个音节。二、划分音节划分音节时以元字组为核心。三、找出重读音节1.单音节词都是重读音节2.双音节词通常是第一个音节重读(前缀不重读)3.多音节词在倒数第三个音节上重读6.如何判断双音节词的重读位置?双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如:stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn in-deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节
9、词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:about before excuse repair for-get-ful 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如:el-e-phant con-grat-ula-tion词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scientific impression nation一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在开音节中einame plane Jane baby cake1-01在闭音节中bag dad hat map black back1-02e在开音节中i:he
10、 these me Chinese1-03在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes egg1-04i在开音节中aibike fly drive time nice kite1-05在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swim1-06o在开音节中outhose close go hoe home no1-07在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock1-08u在开音节中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday1-09在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch1-10在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r
11、s后面时读u:音,例如:June blue ruler super1-111-01特例特例:vague vogue range paste plague change strange taste waste ache waste scythe opaque这些单词中的th ng gu ch st qu都被看作一个整体,都被看作一个辅音字母,其中的元音字母按开音节规则发音。和以上读音现象不同的词有:tingei1-02例外的词 manye anye不符合1-04规则的词 Englishi pretty1-05例外的词 policemani: machinei:以上这两个词源自法语,保留法语发音。
12、fatiguei:下面这两个词保留了古英语的发音livei givei不符合1-07规则的词 tou: dou:1-08例外的词 womanu wolfu roller u1-10例外的词 putu Bushu cushionu二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a China another woman breakfast2-01iorange comrade village cabbage2-02e hundred student open weekend2-03ichicken pocket begin children2-04i /iholiday beautif
13、ul family animal2-05aiexercise satellite2-06o second tonight somebody welcome2-07 ualso zero photo2-08u autumn diffcult2-09ju:popular congratulation January2-10动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读ei音,例如:operate2-11u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读u(:)音,例如:July influence February issue2-12不符合2-07规则的词 icon : robot : alcohol :
14、 不符合2-08规则的词 icon : robot : alcohol : 三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在w音后面 want what watch wash quality3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child light high3-03o在-st -ld前oumost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前 come monkey love mother3-053-
15、01例外的词 water : waneei wakeei以上几个词都是开音节词 wag 3-02例外的词 asstomato: 字母a后面是字母t,不符合3-02规则。这个词也可以按1-01规则来读 tomatot meitoubanana: 重读音节里的字母a后面有字母n,符合3-02规则。由于重读音节里的字母a和后面的字母n并不是处在同一音节里,所以banana也可以读成b nein 3-04例外的词 cost 3-05例外的词colour :四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener4-01 :war
16、m quarter towards4-02oror在w音后面 :forty morning short4-03 :word worker worse4-04er ir ur :certainly bird Thursday4-05辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry4-06-r音节在非重读音节中通常读 音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday4-074-03例外的词 attorney :4-04例外的词 worn : sword : 4-06例外的词quarr
17、el 按3-01规则读 surround sur-不重读suppose sup-不重读collect col-不重读worry 也可以读成worryw ri 五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号are care dare hare5-01erei here mere5-02ireai fire hire wire 5-03ore :more score before5-04ureju pure cure5-05are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读 音,例如:picture pleasure5-06重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重
18、读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读r音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring 5-07某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph 不符合5-02规则的词 there where 不符合5-03规则的词 cires rei不符合5-05规则的词 sureu 不符合5-06规则的词 failure不符合5-07规则的词 assurance 不符合5-08规则的词 burialberi l deteriorate六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号a
19、i/ayeiafraid rain wait day play6-01air air hair chair pair repair 6-02alal在f m前 small ball talk wall all6-03 :l always also salt almost6-04:half calm6-05au/aw :autumn daughter draw6-06eai:teach easy cheap please6-07 eheavy bread sweater weather6-08eibreak great 6-09 eari hear dear near clear year6-1
20、0 bear pear wear swear6-11 :earth learn early6-12eei:jeep week green three6-13eeri pioneer deer beer6-14ei/eyeieight neighbour they6-15 i:either key6-16eu/ew在j l r s后ju:new few newspaper6-17u:flew brew jewelry 6-18ie/eis音之后i:piece field receive6-19oaoucoat Joan boat goal6-20 oar/oor :roar board door
21、 floor6-21oi/oy inoise point boy toilet6-22oou:broom food tooth school6-23ubook look cook foot good6-24ou/owauflower house count down6-25ouknow row throw though6-26 young country enough6-27u:group you soup6-28our :course your four6-29au our hour ours6-30 :journey6-31ui在j l r s后ju:ifluid suicide tuit
22、ion6-32u:juice fruit suit6-33不符合6-01规则的词例外的词: plaid 不符合6-06规则的词例外的词: because laugh:ea的另外两种发音Seattle这个词中的ea并不是个字母组合,双写辅音字母强调其前面的单个元音字母a是重读音节,而且是个闭音节。i idea really/ beautifulea的另外两种发音i idea really/ beautiful6-16例外的词eitheri:美语发音ei发i:音的例词很少。6-20例外的词例外的词:abroad : oasis eisis oa并未构成元字组不符合6-26规则的词knowledge
23、 n li 长音短化现象ou/ow的另一种发音 :,cough thought七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读 音例 词编 号ai/ay ei/eyiSunday foreign monkey7-01owouyellow sparrow tomorrow7-02元音字组在非重读音节中读 音或i。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee 7-03-sion -tion nimpression nation 7-04-sion在元音字母后 nvision decision occasion 7-05-tion在s后 nquestion
24、 suggestion7-06-stensnlisten7-07-stleslwhistle7-08-sure pleasure measure7-09-ture picture culture7-10八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如: everydayei handbag blackboard :8-01有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如: sun太阳 + dayei日子 Sundayi 星期天 holy神圣 +
25、 dayei日子 holidayi 假日 break中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfast 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板 : cupboard 碗柜九、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词编 号bbbike bus bag9-01 /bomb tomb9-02cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat music9-03sface decide cinema9-04ch much chick rich teacher9-05kschool headache chemistry9-06machine Chicago9-07-ckkcock pocket black kno
26、ck9-08dddoctor bread hand day 9-09-dge bridge fridge9-10dr-drchildren driver drink9-11fffive four breakfast9-12gg在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13 orange large German 9-14ghfcough enough9-15/light daughter high9-16gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 guess league dialogue9-17 wlanguage anguish 9-18hhhot head house hand9-19/h
27、our honest9-20j jeep jar joke join July9-21kkkind bike skate make week9-22kn-nknife know knock9-23lllife milk school tall9-24mmmonkey come autumn9-25-mnmautumn column solemn9-26nn在k g音前nnot shine ten note 9-27 uncle thank hungry9-28-ng morning young wrong9-29pppaper plane pig ship pen9-30phfelephant
28、 photo telephone9-31qkIraq9-32qu-kwquality quite 9-33rrred rubber ruler9-34s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前ssit sleep desk9-35zmusic husband9-36sc-skscarlet9-37smuscle science9-38sh she fish shirt wash9-39t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前tten letter meet9-40 patient nation9-41tch watch 9-42th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther
29、中thin thirty method9-43 the these with than9-44 clothe father weather9-45tr-trtree train country truck9-46vvvery voice love leave9-47wwweek win wake sweet wait9-48/answer two 9-49wh-wh-在字母o前wwhat when white why9-50hwho whose whole9-51x在重读元音前 ksbox text exercise9-52gzexamle exist exact9-53wr-rwrite9-
30、54y-jyes yard yellow young9-55zzpuzzle zero zoo9-56不符合9-13规则的词和字母k一样,g在字母n前面通常不发音,也可把gn-看成一个辅字组:gnarl gnar gnash gnat gnathic gnathism gnaw gnome gnomic gnu单词字母g也有不发音的现象: diaphragm不符合9-14规则的词例外的词:get girl give gird girder girdle gink gimp gimme不符合9-56规则的词例外的词:seizure 十、英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来
31、元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节(m n l例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。0-012音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er
32、 ver-y mod-le weath-er0-023重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。0-034开音节 绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex-cuse.0-045闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not
33、 cup0-056双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如:stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn in-deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如:about before excuse repair for-get-ful in-ven-tor0-067多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如:el-e-phant con-grat-u-la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-
34、tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scientific impression nation0-07不符合0-02规则的词 celebrate(cel-e-brate)划分音节时不能把字组拆分到两个音节中去(chil-dren);br pr bl pl等辅音连缀是不是要当成字组来对待?有时又要考虑到词的来源(ward-room),这时并没有把dr看成是一个字组。How to divide a word when writing or typingWhen writing or typing it is sometimes neccessary to divide a word at the en
35、d of the line because there is not enough space for the complete word. This division is always shown by adding a hyphen(-) immediately after the first part of the divided word at the end of the line. Many people prefer not to divide words at all (especially when writing by hand), but if you do, here
36、 are three considerations to help you.1. By syllableThis means dividing the word into syllables or units of sound. For example, the word kind has one syllable, kindly has tow, unkindly has three ad unkindliness has four.2. By structureThis means dividingthe word into the smaller units of meaning suc
37、h as anti-, dis-, un-, ect(as in antiseptic, disappear, unable) or an ending(a suffix) such as -age, -able, -fully(as in postage, agreeable, gratefully).3. By meaningThis means deciding whether each part of the divided word can be understood or spoken so that the complete word is easily recongnised
38、from the two parts. For example, it may be a compound word made up of two different words, such as spot and light in spotlight.All three considerations must be used to decide whether and where you can divide a word. Here are six useful rules to help you:1. Never divide a word within a syllable.2. Ne
39、ver divide an ending (a suffix) of two syllables such as -able, -ably, -fully.3. With the exception of -ly, never divide a word so that an ending of two letters such as -ed, -er, -ic begins the nest line.4. Never divide a word so that one of the parts is a single letter.5. Never divide a word of one
40、 syllable.6. Never divide a word of less than five letters.Adapted from OXFORD ADVANCED LEARNERS DICTIONARY OF CURRENT ENGLISH0-07例外的例词Catholic rhetoric用科学方法记英语单词A、音形联系记忆 英语是一种拼音文字,根据字母与音素之间的联系去记忆单词,是拼记单词最基本的方法。使用这种方法,必须先熟悉一些读音规则,如元音字母在重读开音节里发它本身的字母名称音,在重读闭音节里读短元音,元音字母组合ea在单词中读i:和e,辅音字母组合th在单词里读和等。通过拼读字母和音标,记住音与形之间的联系,就可水到渠成记住该词。附发音规则:I. 元音字母在重读音节中的一般读音规则表a e i o u 重读开音节 /ei/ /i:/ /ai/ / u /