道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表.docx

道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表第一章绪论道路road公路highway城市道路cityroad；urbanroad厂矿道路factoriesandminesroad林区道路forestroad乡村道路countryroad车辆换算系数vehicleconversionfactor城间道路interurbanroad城市出入口公路cityapproachhighway道路工程roadengineering丝绸之路thesilkroad道路网roadmetwork道路(网)密度densityofroadnetwork道路技术标准technicalstandardofroad设计车辆designvehicle特种车辆specialvehicle计算行车速度(设计车速)designspeed道路建筑限界boundarylineofroadconstruction道路用地范围rightofway净空clearance等级道路classifiedroad辅道reliefroad高速公路freeway；motorway部分控制进入partialcontrolofaccess等级公路classifiedhighway等外公路substandardhighway干线公路arterialhighway支线公路 feeder highway 国家干线公路(国道) natilnal trunk highway 省干线公路(省道) provincial trunk highway 县公路(县道) county road 乡公路(乡道) township road (county road) 绕行公路 bypass 公路自然区划 clinatic zoning for highway (城市)快速路 expressway (城市)主干路 arterial road (城市)次干路 secondary trunk road (城市)支路 branch road 街道 street 郊区道路 suburban road 居住区道路 residential street 工业区道路 industial district road 厂外道路 ractory-out road 厂内道路 factory-in road (厂内)主干道 arterial road (厂内)次干道 secondary trunk road (厂内)支道 branch road 露天矿山道路 opencast mine road 生产干线 prductive arterial road 生产支线 productive branch road 联络线 linking-up road 林区公路 fores thighway 运材道路 haul road 集材道路 skid road 护林防火道路 protection forest fire-proof road 连接道路 linking-up road冻板道路freezeroad木排道corduroyroad自行车道cycletrack；cyclepath畜力车道cattle-pass驮道bridlerroad项目建议书projectProposal可行性研究feasibilitystudy项目任务书Projectcharter设计规范designspecification初步设计PreliminaryDesign施工图设计constructiondocumentsdesign交通组成trafficcomposition混合交通mixedtraffic交通流trafficflow车流vehiclestream交通密度trafficdensity车头间距spacheadway车头时距timeheadway车(辆)间净距vehiculargap延误delay点速度spotspeed行驶速度runningspeed区间速度overallspeed运行速度operatingspeed临界速度iptimumspeed；criticalspeed时间平均速度timemeanspeed空间平均速度spacemeanspeed经济车速economicspeed自由车速free-flowspeed交通量trafficvolume年平均日交通量annualaveragedailytraffic月平均日交通量monthlyaveragedailytraffic年第30位最大小时交通量thirtiethhighestannualhourlyvolume年最大小时交通量maximumannualhourlyvolume高峰小时交通量peakhourlyvolume设计小时交通量designhourlyvolume通行能力trafficcapacity基本通行能力basictrsfficcapacity可能通行能力possibletrafficcapacity设计通行能力designtrafficcapacity道路服务水平levelofservice交叉口通行能力capacityofimtersection道路交通规划trafficplanning交通调查trafficsurvey交通量调查trafficvolumesurvey交通量观测站trafficvolumeobservation起迄点调查origin-destinationstudy出行trip境内交通localtraffic过境交通throughtraffic出境交通outboundtraffic入境交通inboudtraffic交通发生trafficgeneration交通分布trafficdistribution交通方式划分modelsplit交通量分配trafficassignment交通量预测trafficvolumeprognosis路网通行能力capacityofmetwork道路网规划roadnetworkplanning棋盘式道路系统gridironroadsystim环形辐射式道路系统ringandradialroadsystem自由式道路系统freestyleroadsystem混合式道路系统combination-typeroadsystem(城市)道路面积率roadarearatio(城市)人均道路面积roadarearatio第二章汽车行驶理论牵引力tractiveeffort行驶阻力drivingresistance滚动阻力rollingresistance空气阻力airfriction；airresistance坡度阻力sloperesistance；graderesistance第三章平面设计(城市道路)平面设计alignmentdesign；planedesign道路中线centerlineofroad道路轴线roadaxis道路路线routeofroad道路线形roadalignment平面线形horizontalalignment横向力系数lateralforceratio缓和曲线transitioncurve；easementcurve离心加速度centrifugalacceleration回旋线spiralcurve；clothoid交点intersectionpoint,IP主点majorpoint偏角angleofdeflection偏角法methodofdeflectionangle几何要素geometryelement圆曲线参数parameterofcircularcurve切线支距法tangentoffsetmethod缓和曲线参数parameterofeasementcurve急弯sharpcurve缓弯flatcurve坐标coordinate线形要素alignmentelment平曲线horizontalcurve最小平曲线半径minimumradiusofhorizontalxurve汽车最小转弯半径minimumturningradius圆曲线circularcurve复曲线compoundcurve复曲线点pointofcompoundcurve,PCC反向曲线reversecurve同向曲线adjacentcurveinonedirection断背曲线broken-backcurve回头曲线switch-backcurve；reverseloop卵形曲线ovoidcurve视线sightline视距sightdistance停车视距stoppingsightdistance超车视距overtakingsightdistance司机反应距离driverreactiondistance司机感觉反应距离driverperception-reactiondistance司机感觉反应时间driverperception-reactiontime司机判断时间driverjudgementtime司机识别距离driverdeciphermentdistance侧向视野fieldoflateralvision侧向余宽lateralclearance侧向最小安全间距minimumsafelateralclearance第四章纵断面设计纵断面设计profiledesign；designofverticalalignment纵面线形verticalalignment高程(标高)elevation地面高程groudelevation设计高程designedelevation(路线)纵断面图verticalprofilemap中桩填挖高度heightofcutandfillatcenterstake纵坡longitudinalgradient最大纵坡maximumlongitudinalgradient最小纵坡minimumlongitudinalgradient变坡点gradechangepoint平均纵坡averagegradient坡长限制gradelengthlimitation纵坡折减gradecompensation缓和坡段transitionalgradient竖曲线verticalcurve凸形竖曲线convexverticalcurve凹形竖曲线concaveverticalcurve第五章横断面设计路幅roadway车行道(行车道)carriageway车道lane内侧车道fastlane中间车道cemterlane外侧车道nearsidelane附加车道auxiliarylane变速车道speed-changelane加速车道accelerationlane减速车道decelerationlane超车车道overtakinglane爬坡车道climbinglane停车车道parkinglane紧急停车带emergencyparkingstrip；lay-by错车道passingbay回车道(回车场)turmaroundloop专用车道accommodationlane错车洞passingbayintunnel单行路one-wayroad车道宽度lane-width人行道sidewalk；footway分隔带separator；centralreserve路缘带marginalstrip路肩shoulder；verge硬路肩hardshoulder路缘石curb平缘石flushcurb立缘石(侧石)verticalcurb平石gutterapron街沟(偏沟)gutter路侧带curbsidestrip绿化带greenbelt横坡crossslope路拱crown路拱曲线cambercurve合成坡度resultantgradient平曲线加宽curvewidening加宽过渡段transitionzoneofcurvewidening超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevationrunoff断面渐变段transitionzoneofcrosssection超高横坡度superelevationslope土方调配cut-filltransition土方调配图cut-filltransitionprogram土方调配经济运距economicalhaulingdistance横断面图cross-cectionalprofile路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part-cutpart-fillsubrade台口式路基benchedsubgrade路基宽度widthofsubgrade路基设计高程designelevationofsubgrade(路基)最小填土高度minimumheightoffill边坡sideslope边坡平台plainstageofslope边坡坡度gradeofsideslope边坡修整slopetrimming(边)坡顶topofslope(边)坡脚toeofslope护坡道berm边坡平台plainstageofslope碎落台stageforheapingsoilandbrockenrock护坡slopeprotection挡土墙retainingwall重力式挡土墙gravityretainingwall衡重式挡土墙balanceweightretainingwall悬臂式挡土墙cantileverretainingwall扶壁式挡土墙counterfortretainingwall柱板式挡土墙pileandplankretainingwall锚杆式挡土墙anchoredretainingwallbytierods锚锭板式挡土墙anchoredbulkheadretainingwall加筋土挡土墙reinforcedearthretainingwall石笼rockrilledgabion抛石riprap护栏guardrail护墙guardwall标柱guardpost防护栅safetyfence防炫屏(遮光栅)anti-dizzlingscreen隔音墙acoustic防沙设施sandprotectionfacilities防雪设施snowprotectionfacilities道路限界架boundaryframeonroad道路照明设施ightingfaciliesofroad交通广场trafficsquare停车场parkinglot反坡安全线adversegradeforsafety公交(车辆)停靠站busbay；parkingstation综合管道(综合管廊)compositepipeline渡口ferry道路绿化roadplanting街道绿化streetplanting行道树streettrees绿篱hedge；livingfence功能栽植functionplanting护路林shelterbelt里程碑kilometerstone百米桩hectometerstake第六章道路选线与定线踏勘reconnaissance(道路工程)方案图roadproject(道路)平面示意图planesketch线形设计alignmentdesign公路景观设计highwaylandscapedesign(城市道路)竖向设计designofelevation选线routeselection路线控制点controlpoint定线locationofline纸上定线paperlocation比较线alternativeline展线routedeveopment初测preliminarysurvey定测locationsurvey地貌topographicfeature地物culture地形topographyf台地terrace垭口pass；saddleback平原区plainterrain微丘区rollingterrain重丘区hillyterrain山岭区mountainousterrain沿溪线valleyline山脊线ridgeline山坡线(山腰线)hill-sideline越岭线ridgeline(道路)隧道tunnel半山洞halftunnel明洞opencuttunnel导线traverse导线测量traversesurvey中线测量centerlinesurvey施工测量constructionsurvey竣工测量finalsurvey(路线)平面图planview交点intersectionpoint虚交点inaginaryintersectionpoint转点turningpoint转角intersectionangle偏角deflectionangle方位角azimuthangle象限角bearingangle方向角directionangle切线长tangentlength曲线长curvelength外(矢)距externaldistance测站instrumentstation测点observationpoint中桩centerstake加桩additionalstake护桩referencestake断链brokenchainage水准测量levelingsurvey水准点benchmark绝对基面absolutedatum地形测量topographicsurvey基线baseline地形图topographicmap等高线comtourline横断面测量cross-sectionalsurvey坑探intersectionplan钻探boring(道路)地质剖面图geologicalsection(道路)地质柱状图boringlog地下水位udergroundwaterlevel摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerialphotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量groundstereophotogrammetry地面控制点测量groundcontrol-pointsurvey航摄基线aerophotobase影像地图ohotographicmap航摄像片判读aerophtointerpretation综合法测图planimetricphoto全能法测图universalphoto微分法测图differentialphoto像片镶嵌图photomosaic第七章道路平交叉设计(平面)交叉口intersection；roadcrossing交叉口进口intersectionentrance,approach交叉口出口intersectionexit加宽转角式交叉口intersectionwithwidendecorners拓宽路口式交叉口flaredintersection分道转弯式交叉口channelizedintersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weavingsection合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflictpoint交织点weavingpoint交通岛trafficisland导流岛channelizationisland中心岛center-island安全岛refugisland道口铺面pavedcrossing道口限界架boundaryframeoncrossing交通安全设施trafficsafetydevice人行横道crosswalk斑马线zebracrossing人行地道pedestrianunderpass人行天桥pedestrianovercrossing分隔设施separatefacilities视距三角形sighttriangle路口视距sightdistanceofintersection标志视认性signlegibility(平曲线)横净距lateraleleardistanceofcurve道路曲线最内侧的车道行车(路口)截角 cutcornerforsightline视野fieldofvision道路交叉(路线交叉)Roadintersection,crossing,junction交叉角intersectionangle(铁路)道口railroadgradecrossing平面交叉at-gradeintersection；gradecrossing多岔交叉multiple-legintersection环形交叉rotaryintersection；roundabout微形环交mini-roundabout十字形交叉crossroads丁字形交叉(T形交叉)Tintersection错位交叉staggeredjunctionY形交叉Yintersection交叉口平面图intersectionplan第八章道路立体交叉设计立体交叉grade-separatedjunction上跨铁路立体交叉overpassgradeseparation下穿铁路立体交叉underpassgradeseparation简单立体交叉gradeseparation互通式立体交叉interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉clover-leafinterchange半苜蓿叶形立交partialclover-leafinterchange定向式立体交叉directionalinterchange半定向式立交 semi-directionalinterchange菱形立体交叉diamondinterchange喇叭形立体交叉trumpetinterchange环形立体交叉 rotaryinterchange分隔式立体交叉 interchangewothspecialbicycletrack匝道ramp单向匝道one-wayramp双向匝道two-wayramp环形匝道loopramp车道分布lanedistribution车道分界线laneline车道平衡lanebalance车道收费机lanetollmachine车道通行能力lanecapacity车道系数coefficientoflanes车道占有率laneoccupancyratio出口匝道控制exitrampcontrol第七章道路排水设计路基排水subgradedrainage地表水surfacewater地下水undergroundwater毛细水capillarywater边沟interceptingditch截水沟interceptingditch排水沟drainageditch急流槽chute跌水dropwater蒸发池evaporationpond盲沟blinddrain；blindditch渗水井seepagewell过水路面ford暴雨强度intensityofrainstorm(排水)设计重现期designfrequency街道排水streetdrainage管道排水pipedrainage渠道排水gutterdrainage(立体交叉)泵站排水drainagebypumpingstation雨水口inlet；gully检查井manhole雨水口支管branchpipeofinlet泄水口drainopening取土坑borrowpit弃土堆wastebank管线综合设计under-groundpipescomprehensivedesign路面pavement暗涵buriedculvert饱和流量saturationvolume饱和流率saturationvolumerate暴雨径流rainstormrun-off暴雨强度rainstormintensity