特殊句式语法教案.doc

特殊句式(一)省略一、从句的省略Every day after I went home, _，I will go out for a walk with my wife.(2014芜湖一中模拟) 每天我回家后，如果不累，我会和妻子一块出去散步。_, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.(2013天津高考)这家公司虽然小，但它在30多个国家有大约1 000个客户。All the photographs in this book, _, date from the 1950s.(2012陕西高考)书中所有的照片，除非另外说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。She stood at the gate _.她站在门口好像在等人。Get up early tomorrow. If not (_), you will miss the first bus.明天得早起。如果不早起，你就赶不上首班车。Do you think it will rain? _你认为会下雨吗？ 我希望下/不下。1当状语从句的主语和主句的_或主语是_，且从句中含_时，可以省略状语从句中的_和_。2so或not代替_，此时可用“_”省略句式。3Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别表示_或_，宾语从句_。二、不定式的省略I asked him to see the film, but he _. 我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。Will you join in the game? _.你愿意参加这个比赛吗？我愿意。Are you a sailor? No, but _你是水手吗？ 不是，但我过去是。He hasnt finished yet.Well, he _他还没完成。哦，他早该完成了。1单独使用不定式符号to代替动词不定式后_，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。否定形式的省略用_。2不定式符号to用在某些_，如glad, happy, pleased, delighted等后面。3如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，通常保留_，_和_。考点一 从句的省略1(2013浙江高考)There are some health problems that, when _ in time, can become bigger ones later on.Anot treatedBnot being treated Cnot to be treated Dnot having been treated考点二 不定式符号to的省略2(2013新课标全国卷)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _.Anot to doBnot to Cnot do Ddo not 解题技法指导掌握状语从句省略的一般规律，并尝试把省略句_，确定动作是_还是_关系，确定是选择_形式还是_形式。典例(2012新课标全国卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when _ such art forms as music and painting.Ahaving compared to Bcomparing to Ccompare to Dcompared to (二)反意疑问句和感叹句一、反意疑问句1陈述部分含有must/may/might的反意疑问句You must go now, _?你现在必须走，是吗？You mustnt smoke here, _?你不可以在此吸烟，行吗？You must/may/might be hungry now, _?你现在一定/可能饿了，是吗？You must have heard about it, _?你一定听说过这件事了，对吗？You must have watched that football match last night,_?你昨晚一定看那场足球赛了，是吗？(1)当must作“必须”讲时，其反意疑问部分用_；当含有mustnt(不允许、禁止)时，其反意疑问部分用_。(2)“must/may be”对_的情况进行推测，按_或_的附加疑问句进行处理。(3)“must完成时”用来推测_，强调对_。句中没有表示过去时间的状语时，按_的附加疑问句处理；反之，按_的附加疑问句处理。2祈使句的反意疑问句Open the door, _?打开门，好吗？Lets go out for a walk, _?我们出去散步，好吗？Let us go home now, _?现在，(您)让我们回家，好吗？规律总结 祈使句后的附加问句不表示反意，而表示一种语气。其结构为：(1)否定祈使句，_? (2)肯定祈使句，_?(3)Lets .，_? (4)Let us .，_?3陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句He said that he would come to my birthday party, _?他说他要来参加我的生日聚会，是吗？I dont believe he will succeed, _?我认为他不会成功，会吗？Tom doesnt believe Jane will succeed, _?汤姆不相信简会成功，对吗？(1)当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，疑问部分常和_。(2)陈述部分的主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine，且主句主语为_人称时，疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的_和_；主句的主语为_、_人称时，后面的疑问部分与_、_。注意陈述部分的_现象。4陈述部分含有否定含义及否定词的反意疑问句He could hardly walk without a stick, _?没有拐杖他几乎不能走路，是吗？Tom dislikes playing tennis, _?汤姆不喜欢打网球，是吗？Its unfair, _?那不公平，是吗？1如果陈述部分含有由表示“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，其反意疑问部分一般用_。2陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句当陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定词或半否定词时，疑问部分的动词用_。二、感叹句What _!How _! 多聪明的孩子啊！What_!How_!这些花多美啊！What _!这水可真甜呀！How_! 他跑得真快！感叹句的基本构成形式(1)What_！(2)How_！(3)How_！考点一 反意疑问句1(2012江苏高考)There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _？Ais thereBisnt there Cis he Disnt he2(2011重庆高考)I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _？ Acould he Bdidnt I Cdidnt you Dcould they考点二 感叹句3(2011辽宁高考)_ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before.AWhich BWhat CHow DWhether1(2014合肥一中模拟)Every swimmer wants to be a champion swimmer. If you _， youve got to start young.Ado Bwant Cwant to Dwant to be2(2014南京模拟)The old store enjoys a good reputation in this area.Cant agree more. There are very few, _， complaints about their service.Aif any Bif so Cif anything Dif ever3(2014北京西城模拟)A person, when _， can often do what is normally beyond his ability.Achallenged Bchallenges Cchallenging Dto challenge4(2014安徽名校联考)What a pity that you didnt attend Janes wedding!I intended _， but you know my little son is always attached to me.Ato Bto have Cto be Dto attend5(2014厦门适应性考试)Mr. Wang must have watched the film So Young last night，_？Amustnt he Bhasnt he Cdidnt he Dneednt he6(2014齐鲁名校联合测试)Nothing that you say can change his mind，_？Ado you Bdont you Ccan it Dcant it7(2014徐州质量检测)I dont think Linda could have done such a stupid thing last night，_？Ado I Bdidnt she Cdid she Ddont I 8(2014温州模拟)_these brochures among the tourists before you leave, will you?AHaving distributed BTo distribute CDistribute DDistributing主谓一致一、意义一致原则The writer and teacher Smith _ millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.既是作家又是教师的史密斯自从搬到悉尼经历了无数的成败。Every man and every woman _a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。Many a parent _ to go through this same painful process.很多父母都被迫经历了这一段痛苦的过程。To go to bed early and to rise early _.早睡早起是一个好习惯。About one third of the books_.这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。Only 60 percent of the work _yesterday. 昨天只干了60%的活。1由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)，谓语动词用_。2“no/each/every/many a单数名词andno/each/every/many a单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用_。3非谓语动词作主语，谓语动词用_。4含修饰语的名词作主语的特殊情况(1)many a/more than one_名词作主语，谓语动词用_。(2)the rest, the remaining/part .主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的_意义而定。(3)分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们_。二、就近一致原则Either you or one of your students_(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。_(be)either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow?是你还是你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议呢？_.文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。1由or, nor, either . or, neither . nor, not only . but (also)连接的并列主语，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词的单复数形式要和与它邻近的主语的数保持一致。2there be句型中，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。三、语法一致原则_ no intention of going shopping with me.我的朋友们不想和我去购物。With more and more forests being destroyed, _ being washed away each year. With more and more forests being destroyed, _ being washed away each year.随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。This new type of bus _(be)now on show. 这种新型的公共汽车现在正在展出。All kinds of difficulties _ be overcome. 必须克服各种各样的困难。Mr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,_.史密斯先生和他的妻子、女儿们今年夏天将要一起参观北京。1主语和谓语通常遵循_的原则，即主语是_形式，谓语动词用_形式；主语是_形式，谓语动词用_形式。2a quantity of接名词时，谓语动词通常用_形式。quantities of后接_名词、_名词，后面的谓语动词都用_形式。3由“kind(或form, type, sort, species, portion, series) of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式常取决于这些词的_。4主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等附属成分时，谓语动词的数要与_保持一致。考点 主谓一致的三大原则1(2013湖南高考)The university estimates that living expenses for international students _ around $8,450 a year, which _ a burden for some of them.Aare; isBare; are Cis; are Dis; is2(2013江苏高考)Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere3(2012陕西高考)The basketball coach, as well as his team, _ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.Awere Bwas Cis Dare1(2014皖南八校联考)Between each of the morning classes_ an interval, when the students can have a short break.Awas Bare Cwere Dis2(2014苏南五校联考)Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins_ in the sunken ship since they began the exploration.Ahas found Bhas been found Chad been found Dhave been found3A quantity of students_ in the shabby dormitory, while large amounts of money_ spent on the headmasters new car.Alive; has been Blives; has been Clives; have been Dlive; have been4(2014苏州中学质检)The woman, together with her husband and two children, all looking anxious，_ the guard to let them through then.Awas asking Bwere asking Cask Dwas asked5A recent study has found that the number of smokers_ sharply over the past five years.Ais increasing Bare increasing Chas been increasing Dhave been increasing6(2014浏阳一中模拟)It is reported that another new school_ at present in the poor mountain area.Aare building Bis building Care being built Dis being built7(2014南昌模拟)_ one and a half months enough for the project to be finished?I am afraid not. The professor is ill and only after he recovers_ go on with it.AIs; he can BAre; he can CIs; can he DAre; can he8We each_ strong points, but each of us on the other hand_ weak points.Ahave; have Bhas; have Chave; has Dhas; has2015高考真题1.【2015湖南】31.Always _ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keep B. to have kept来源:学.科.网来源:学科网ZXXKCkeep Dhave kept2.【2015天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home. A. she realized B. has she realized C. she has realized D. did she realize3.【2015湖南】23.Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A. I did discoverB. did I discoverC. I discoveredD. discovered4.【2015湖南】21.It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. how5.【2015重庆】9.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century_ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while B. though C. that D. after 6It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve.A. is; takesB. are; takesC. are; takeD. is; take特殊句式专练1. Neither is that _.A. your nor is that mine B. yours nor is that me C. yours nor that is mine D. yours nor is that mine2.- I see something lying in the corner, moving. -Let me see_.A. what is the matter B. what the matter is C. what matter D.matter is what 3._ it is to jump into the water in hot summer!A. What fun B. How funny C. What a fun D. How fun4._about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to the mountain.A. The couple was such curious B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. So curious was the couple5.- Can I smoke here? -No, at no time_ in the reading room.A. smoking permits B. does smoking permit C. smoking is permitted D.is smoking permitted6. I dont believe everything goes well with you, _?A. do they B. does it C. didnt they D. doesnt it7. _ to sleep than the telephone rang once again.A. No sooner had he gone B. No sooner did he go C. He no sooner went D. He had gone no sooner 8.Its burning hot yesterday, isnt it?-Yes. _yesterday.A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it 9. Little _, but were flying to Geneva next weekend to celebrate his birthday.A. does he know B. he knows C. knows him D. did he know 10._a mobile phone can you ring _you want to talk with anywhere.A. Using ;whoever B. Only on; whomever C. By; whomever D. Only with; who11. Who is making so much noise in the garden? -_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are12.I cant find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning? -It was in the hotel _he stayed.A. that B. which C. where D.the one13. It was in the small house_was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood.A. which; that B. that ;where C. which ;which D. that; which14. It was _ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day.A. since B. for C. as D. because 15. Is _two hours _the girl _family is poor to come to school on foot?A. it; that ;whose B. it that; it takes ;whose C.it for; that it takes; whose D.it; when;that16. It is on a winter night_he spent with me.A. that B. where C. as D.when 17.It is the young man _looked for _caught the murderer.A. that; who B. that ;they C. they ;that D.they ;which 18. It was not until dark_he found _he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.A. that ; what B. that; that C. when; what D.when; that 19. It is the ability to do the job _matters, not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it20.-What was the party like?-Wonderful. Its five years_ I enjoyed myself much.A. after B. that C.since D.before 21. Why! I have nothing to confess(承认). _ you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 22. -I hear that Bai Shan cant afford his schooling this fall. -_, lets do something for him. A. What else B. If so C. Where possible D. When necessary 23. - I have some big news for you. Youve been accepted as a member of our club. -_. Thats great!A. Have I? (Have I been accepted) B. Pardon? C. Congratulations!