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Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
课时作业(一)
[基础训练]
Ⅰ 单词拼写
1．It ________ (使惊恐) me to think I was alone in the building.
答案：scared
2．The company has ________ (把……作为目标) adults as its primary customers.
答案：targeted
3．________ (幸运地) for him, he was very soon offered another job.
答案：Fortunately
4．This species of animal is on the verge of ________ (灭绝).
答案：extinction
5．I eventually realized I had to change my ________ (态度) toward medical practice.
答案：attitude
Ⅱ 单句语法填空
1．Weight is crucial in ________ (dive) because the aim is to cause the smallest splash possible.
答案：diving
2．The traffic here is very ________ (danger) for children.
答案：dangerous
3．The rainforests are disappearing at an ________ (alarm) rate.
答案：alarming
4．She has been absent from work due ________ illness.
答案：to
5．The programme was viewed on television in millions ________ homes.
答案：of
6．You ought to be ashamed of your foolish ________ (behave).
答案：behaviour
7．The men lost their way in a sandstorm and crossed the border ________ mistake.
答案：by
8．From that day ________， mother and daughter have depended on each other for survival.
答案：on
9．Since then, the number of sharks ________ (fall) quickly.
答案：has fallen
10．It was an area________ the hunters were hunting animals.
答案：where
Ⅲ 用括号内所给词汇，写出一个语段
(scare; a number of; creature; fortunately; by mistake)
答案：I went into a forest by mistake. There were a number of strange creatures, which scared me a lot. Fortunately, I finally found my way out.
[思维训练]
Ⅰ 完形填空
Like many young people, 11－year－old Sean Lesniak is fascinated with sharks. However, little Sean was not only __1__ in learning about them and watching them, but also tried his best to help them __2__.
Sean's passion for sharks started very __3__ in life. When Sean was just 3 years old, while watching Shark Week, he __4__ that people did away with many sharks just to use their fins (鳍) for __5__！ It is estimated (估计) that more than 100 million sharks are __6__ around the world each year. He could __7__ believe this was happening. As Sean's interest and passion for sharks __8__， he wanted to take action to keep sharks from killing. And he decided to __9__ at home when he learned that his state of Massachusetts didn't have a __10__ that prevented shark killing! Sean wrote a letter to his state representative, David Nangle, asking him to introduce a law that would __11__ shark killing in their state. In his letter, Sean included a hand drawn shark with its fin __12__ for eating. After a few __13__， he was able to speak to Representative Nangle, who agreed to __14__ the bill (法案) and in June, 2014 it became a law! Massachusetts is now one of the 10 states in America that have forbidden shark killing. Since then, Sean has focused his __15__ on helping sharks, working with Shark Biologist, Dr Greg Skomal.
He is also now __16__ about helping to protect sea turtles in his state. And guess what Sean wants to be __17__ he grows up. A shark biologist of course! Sean's __18__ show how young people can make a big difference in the world. His advice to other youth is “if you feel strong about something and if you believe you can do it, you should try your best to make it __19__.” He has set a good __20__ to young people all over the world.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。11岁的Sean通过自己的不断努力，居然促成了一项新法律！
1．A.involved B．interested
C．employed D．absorbed
答案：B 此处指他不仅对学习和观看鲨鱼感兴趣，使用be interested in，故答案为B。
2．A.cure B．swim
C．increase D．survive
答案：D cure “治疗”；swim “游泳”；increase “增加”；survive “幸存”。句意：……而且尽最大的努力帮助它们生存下来，故答案为D。
3．A.early B．late
C．slowly D．strangely
答案：A 由下文内容可知，Sean对鲨鱼的热爱在很小的时候就开始了。early “早”，故答案为A。
4．A.thought B．ensured
C．learned D．recalled
答案：C 句意：在观看Shark Week的时候，他得知人们每年为了鲨鱼的鳍杀害了很多鲨鱼。learn “了解，得知”，故答案为C。
5．A.movement B．fun
C．medicine D．food
答案：D 根据下文的“for eating”可知，鲨鱼的鳍是用来作食物的，故答案为D。
6．A.raised B．killed
C．attacked D．damaged
答案：B 句意：估计全世界每年有一亿条鲨鱼被杀害。kill “杀害”，故答案为B。
7．A.also B．just
C．hardly D．never
答案：C 因为被杀害的数量过于庞大，所以他几乎没法相信这样的事情在发生着，故答案为C。
8．A.grew B．appeared
C．lost D．rested
答案：A 句意：随着Sean对鲨鱼的兴趣和热情的增加。grow “增长”，故答案为A。
9．A.wait B．stay
C．play D．start
答案：D 句意：他决定从家乡开始。start “开始”，故答案为D。
10．A.question B．result
C．law D．chance
答案：C 根据下文的“in June, 2014 it became a law”可知，此处指Massachusetts没有阻止鲨鱼被杀害的法律，故答案为C。
11．A.reduce B．stop
C．consider D．support
答案：B 他写信请求David Nangle推行一则法律阻止人们杀害鲨鱼。故答案为B。
12．A.removed B．destroyed
C．found D．said
答案：A 句意：Sean手绘一张图片，里面是鲨鱼被除掉鳍作为食物。remove “移除”，故答案为A。
13．A.requests B．ways
C．events D．tries
答案：D 经过几次尝试，Sean能够和代表Nangle讲话，故答案为D。
14．A.refer B．cancel
C．suggest D．oppose
答案：C 句意：Nangle同意提议该则法案。suggest “建议，提议”，故答案为C。
15．A.money B．efforts
C．attention D．ideas
答案：C 句意：Sean将注意力专注在帮助鲨鱼上。attention “注意”，故答案为C。
16．A.cautious B．smart
C．confused D．enthusiastic
答案：D 句意：他现在也对保护海龟很有热情。be enthusiastic about “对……充满热情”，故答案为D。
17．A.because B．when
C．until D．before
答案：B 句意：当Sean长大他想成为什么人，故答案为B。
18．A.letters B．works
C．actions D．words
答案：C 句意：Sean的行动表明了年轻人如何对这个世界作出影响，故答案为C。
19．A.happen B．end
C．perfect D．improve
答案：A 句意：你应该尽力让它实现，故答案为A。
20．A.example B．excuse
C．advertisement D．faith
答案：A 句意：他为全世界的年轻人做了个很好的榜样，故答案为A。
Ⅱ 阅读理解
The gentle giants of our oceans are whale sharks. It's the biggest whale shark and can reach as long as 41.5 feet, and these amazing creatures are not only the biggest sharks, but they are also biggest fish of any kind.
Whale sharks have a lifespan of 70 years on average, and they spend their days gently swimming in the warm and tropical oceans.
Their teeth are the size of match heads, and while their jaws could be powerful, they have never tended to attack humans. Their teeth play no role in eating, as plankton (浮游生物) does not need to be chewed. They are to be found in numbers in the warmer oceans and they prefer the deep waters of open oceans. They tend to travel alone.
Several times a year they gather together in certain spots where plankton is plentiful. Those areas are all within a 30°north or south latitude from the equator. Sadly whale sharks are targeted by commercial fisheries at those spots.
How easy it must be for the fishermen to catch those beautiful creatures who can only swim at 3.5 miles per hour! So great a loss in numbers have they suffered that whale sharks are now listed as one of the endangered species. Some countries have started to take measures to protect the whale sharks from extinction.
The Philippines, India and Taiwan have all banned the fishing, selling, importing and exporting of whale sharks for commercial purposes. However, the law doesn't seem to be effective because the hunting and killing still goes on today, especially in Taiwan and the Philippines. Each whale shark can fetch around $21,000. In parts of Asia they are known as the “money shark”．
The mighty dollar wins again at great cost to our habitat, and we will not know what we have lost until we have lost it forever. Therefore, it is high time for us to do something for the whale sharks.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作为世界上最大的鱼类——鲸鲨，虽然体形硕大，却从不攻击人类，但就是这样温顺的鲸鲨也难逃悲惨命运！
1．We can learn from the passage that whale sharks________.
A．usually live a life of more than 70 years
B．always travel in the ocean in groups
C．depend on their teeth to harvest their food
D．live in the deep waters of warmer oceans
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段可知鲸鲨生活在热带海洋水域，故选D。
2．Why can the whale sharks be caught easily?
A．Because they swim in the oceans at a slow speed.
B．Because they are surrounded by so many fisherman.
C．Because they often gather together.
D．Because they never tend to attack humans in the water.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可以推测出鲸鲨很容易被抓住是因为它们游得很慢，故选A。
3．It is implied in the passage that________.
A．whale sharks will be extinct even if they are protected
B．whale sharks are the most dangerous marine animals
C．there is no law about banning the fishing of whale sharks
D．the huge profit is to blame for the decreasing numbers of whale sharks
答案：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知渔民捕杀鲸鲨是因为它们能卖出很高的价钱，渔民可以从中获得巨大利润，故选D。
4．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To appeal to people to protect whale sharks.
B．To advise the government to make related laws.
C．To guide people how to fish and kill whale sharks.
D．To analyze the value of whale sharks.
答案：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者写这篇文章是为了呼吁人们保护鲸鲨，故选A。
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