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Cloze 1
体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：学习方式 词数：230 时间：16′
(2021·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all__1__places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want__2__ somewhere else instead.I had the__3__of seeing this first hand on a__4____．
My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so__5__a tournament，which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some__6__experiences on Saturday as they played against teams__7__trained.Through the first two games，her__8__did not get on serious shot on goal.As a parent，I__9__seeing my daughter playing her best，__10__ still defeated.
It seemed that something clicked with the__11__between Saturday and Sunday.When they __12__ for their Sunday game，they were __13__ different.They had begun to integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had __14__ the day before into their __15__．They played aggressively and __16__ scored a goal.
It __17__ me that playing against the other team was a great __18__ moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.__19__ is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be__20__what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者女儿所在的球队由于这个赛季表现突出而入围锦标赛。虽然与强手角逐的前两场竞赛中失利，但是擅长吸取教训的孩子们在周日的竞赛中进球了。通过这次经受，作者得出结论：学习的途径有很多，通过亲身实践得来的阅历更加富有意义。
1．A.public B．traditional C．official D．special
答案 B [考查语境中形容词的辨析。依据首句的意思及“School? A friend? A tutor？”，再结合生活常识，不难看出，这些都是传统意义上的(traditional)学习途径。public公共的；official官方的，正式的；special特殊的。均不符合题意。]
2．A.passes B．works C．lies D．ends
答案 C [考查语境中动词的辨析。既然你想要的学习方式不是传统的：在学校里跟伴侣沟通或向导师求教，那么它很可能会存在于其它地方。lie (位于，存在于)符合语境。]
3．A.dream B．idea C．habit D．chance
答案 D [考查语境中名词的辨析。联系下文可知，“我”有机会亲自观看了女儿的一场足球赛并领悟到了这一点。dream幻想；idea方法；habit习惯。均与句意不符。]
4．A.trip B．holiday C．weekend D．square
答案 C [考查语境中名词的辨析。作者下面叙述的几场竞赛都是发生在周六和周日的，因此答案选C。]
5．A.won B．entered C．organized D．watched
答案 B [考查语境中动词的辨析。这个赛季女儿所在的球队表现精彩而有资格参与锦标赛。win赢；enter进入；organize组织；watch观看。]
6．A.painful B．strange C．common D．practical
答案 A [考查语境中形容词的辨析。由于参与锦标赛的多是技术更加娴熟的俱乐部球队，他们的球员训练有素(well trained)，技术过硬。女儿的球队困难鏖战，还是没有一次真正意义上的射门(did not get one serious shot on goal)。painful困难的，困难的；strange惊异的；common一般的；practical有用的。由句意可知A项为正确答案。]
7．A.less B．poorly C．newly D．better
答案 D [考查语境中副词的辨析。见上一小题解析。]
8．A.fans B．tutors C．class D．team
答案 D [考查语境中名词的辨析。联系上下文可知，女儿所在的球队在前两场竞赛中未能进球得分。故答案选D。]
9．A．imagined B．hated
C．avoided D．missed
答案 B [考查语境中动词的辨析。作为父母，谁也不情愿看到竭尽全力踢球的孩子患病失败的结局。imagine想像；hate憎恨；avoid避开；miss错过。由语境可知B项最能表达此意。]
10．A.if B．or C．but D．as
答案 C [考查语境中连词的辨析。由空格前的played her best 和still defeated的语意规律，不难看出前后为转折关系。因此C项为正确答案。]
11．A.girls B．parents C．coaches D．viewers
答案 A [考查语境中名词的辨析。女儿所在的球队在接下来的竞赛中有了很大的转变。由此可以推断该句意思是：“周日竞赛之前，这群女孩子好像突然间明白了什么。”故A项正确。]
12．A.dressed B．showed up
C．made up D．planned
答案 B [考查语境中短语动词的辨析。由语境可知，周六竞赛失利，女孩子们又毁灭在周日的赛场上。show up(毁灭，露面)与语境相吻合。]
13．A.slightly B．hardly
C．basically D．completely
答案 D [考查语境中副词的辨析。依据下文所述，女孩子们的表现与上一场竞赛迥然不同。slightly略微；hardly几乎不；basically基本上；completely完全地。]
14．A.seen B．known C．heard D．read
答案 A [考查语境中动词的辨析。她们的表现之所以有很大改观是由于擅长总结阅历教训，将周六竞赛中看到的对方团队协作的技术运用到自己的竞赛中。由语境可知A项正确。]
15．A.styles B．training C．game D．rules
答案 C [考查语境中名词的辨析。见上一小题解析。]
16．A.even B．still C．seldom D．again
答案 A [考查语境中副词的辨析。在强手面前，孩子们努力拼搏，志在必得，甚至还进了一个球。even甚至；still照旧；seldom很少；again又，再。]
17．A.confused B．struck
C．reminded D．warned
答案 B [考查语境中动词的辨析。由作者接下来阐发的感想可知这是他从这场竞赛中突然想到的。It strikes sb that...意为“使某人突然想到……”。]
18. A．touching B．thinking
C．encouraging D．learning
答案 D [考查语境中动词的辨析。由前文对竞赛的描述可知，对于球队的每个孩子来说，这场竞赛是一个学习的好机会。因此答案为D。]
19. A．Experience B．Independence
C．Curiosity D．Interest
答案 A [考查语境中名词的辨析。通过这场竞赛，孩子们学到了以前没有接触到的东西，经受促使她们成长得更快，经受是最好的老师。experience经受，阅历；independence独立；curiosity奇异 心；interest爱好。其余三项均与短文主旨无关。]
20．A.harmful to B．mixed with
C．different from D．applied to
答案 C [考查语境中形容词的辨析。由后面but一词的转折意义可以推断本句的意思：孩子们通过竞赛总结的阅历或许与课堂上学到的阅历不同，但从赛场上猎取的阅历确定会更有共性化，更加有意义。由于那是靠亲自实践得来的。因此，答案非C莫属。]
Cloze 2
体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：不要做生活的“挑剔者” 词数：302 时间：18′
(2021·福建卷)One of the easiest things in the world is to become a faultfinder.However，life can be __1__ when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I __2__ a letter from seventeenyearold Kerry，who described herself as a worldclass faultfinder，almost always __3__ by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her，and __4__ was ever good enough.She was highly selfcritical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really __5__ person.
Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her __6__．Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost __7__ to deal with was that the day before the __8__，Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her __9__ of boyfriends，the way she was living，the way she related to her mother，and various other things she felt she needed to __10__．It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became __11__ her habit of finding fault.Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to __12__ everything so harshly(薄情)．She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her __13__ as well.
Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at faultfinding，__14__ when we're honest，we can be sharply __15__ of the world.I'm not suggesting you __16__ problems，or that you pretend things are __17__ than they are，but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are—__18__ most of the time，and especially when it's not a really big __19__．
Train yourself to “bite your tongue”，and with a little __20__，you'll get really good at letting things go.And when you do，you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
【语篇解读】 世界上最简洁做的事情之一就是成为一个挑剔的人，但是，假如能转变一下的话，生活或许会是另外一个样子。
1．A.lonely B．great C．quiet D．uneasy
答案 B [考查形容词辨析。假如能不忙着找别人的毛病，生活会格外棒。]
2．A.received B．answered C．expected D．rejected
答案 A [考查动词辨析。几年前，我收到了一封来自十七岁的Kerry的信。收到来信用receive；answer a letter回信；expect期盼；预料；reject拒绝。]
3．A.threatened B．interrupted
C．bothered D．spoiled
答案 C [考查动词辨析。Kerry在信中描述自己是一个世界级的挑剔者，总是会受到别的事情的干扰。bother烦扰；操劳；threat威逼；interrupt打断；spoil溺爱。]
4．A.anything B．everything
C．something D．nothing
答案 D [考查代词。在Kerry看来，人们总是做一些让她苦恼的事情，什么事都不够好。只有nothing表示此处Kerry作为一个超级挑剔者的特点。]
5．A.caring B．boring
C．interesting D．surprising
答案 B [考查形容词辨析。Kerry不仅挑剔自己，也总是找别人的毛病，她真的变成了一个boring(令人厌烦的)人。]
6．A.attitude B．plan
C．measure D．explanation
答案 A [考查名词辨析。不幸的是，转变她的态度是以一场可怕的事故为代价的。measure丈量；衡量；explanation解释。]
7．A.urgent B．unnecessary
C．certain D．impossible
答案 D [考查形容词辨析。urgent紧急的；unnecessary不必要的；certain确定的；impossible不行能的。]
8．A.occasion B．event
C．accident D．adventure
答案 C [考查名词辨析。依据上文可知，在这场事故之前，Kerry访问了她的伴侣。]
9．A.memory B．notice
C．evidence D．choice
答案 D [考查名词辨析。Kerry访问了她的伴侣，不停地批判她伴侣选择男伴侣(的问题)、她生活的方式问题、她和她父母相处的问题以及各种各样她觉得她需要表达的问题。]
10．A.hear B．contribute
C．express D．admit
答案 C [考查动词辨析，解析见上题。]
11．A.aware of B．afraid of
C．curious about D．confused about
答案 A [考查形容词短语的辨析。直到她伴侣受了重伤之后，她才意识到自己的(乱挑剔)的习惯(可能会给别人带来严峻的后果)。become aware of意识到；be afraid of可怕；be curious about奇异 ；be confused about困惑。]
12．A.discuss B．realize C．judge D．settle
答案 C [考查动词辨析。从那之后，很快地，她开头学着观赏生活而不是薄情地去评判任何事。judge推断，评判；discuss争辩；realize意识到；settle解决。]
13．A.family B．life C．career D．education
答案 B [考查名词辨析。她能够把她的新的才智也传递到她的生活中的其他部分。]
14．A.so B．or C．but D．for
答案 C [考查连词。或许我们大部分人都不是很挑剔，但是恳切地说，我们可能会对这个世界格外的挑剔。此处表示转折关系。]
15．A.proud B．sure C．hopeful D．critical
答案 D [考查形容词辨析。critical对应本文的线索词faultfinder。]
16．A.face B．create C．solve D．ignore
答案 D [考查动词辨析。发觉了问题，我不是建议你去忽视这些问题。或者假装这些事比他们事实上好。]
17．A.rarer B．better C．stranger D．worse
答案 B [考查形容词辨析。解析见上题。]
18．A.at least B．at last C．by far D．so far
答案 A [考查介词短语辨析。但是要至少大部分时间学会允许这些事情的存在。]
19．A.task B．deal C．result D．duty
答案 B [考查名词辨析。特殊是不是什么大事的时候。big deal大事。]
20．A.practice B．speech C．rest D．pity
答案 A [考查名词辨析。训练自己“咬住自己的舌头”，少说话，多这样做，你会真的学会放手了。practice做法，实践。]
Cloze 3
体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：人物故事 词数：284 时间：18′
(2021·江苏卷)I used to believe in the American Dream，which meant a job，a mortgage (按揭)，credit cards，success.I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else，all of us__1__chasing the same thing.
One year，through a series of unhappy events，it all fell__2__.I found myself homeless and alone.I had my truck and $56.I__3__the countryside for some place I could rent for the__4__possible amount.I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road__5__the Potomac River in West Virginia.It was__6__，full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner，rented it，and__7__a corner to camp in.
The locals knew nothing about me，__8__slowly，they started teaching me the__9__of being a neighbor.They dropped off blankets，candles，and tools，and began__10__around to chat.They started to teach me a belief in a__11__American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of__12__.
What I have believed in，all those things I thought were__13__for a civilized life，were nonexistent in this place.__14__on the mountain，my most valuable possessions were my__15__with my neighbors.
Four years later，I moved back into__16__.I saw many people were having a really hard time，__17__their jobs and homes.I managed to rent a big enough house to__18__a handful of people.There are four of us now in the house，but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places.We'd all be in__19__if we hadn't banded together.
The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one.It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about__20__we can all get by together.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了“我”的幻想的转变。以前总信任“美国梦”——那意味着有一份工作，有按揭、信贷和成功。但通过一次经受后，现在“我”所信仰的“美国梦”是同舟共济，通过共同努力让全部人都有收获。只有大家共同努力才能实现共同的幻想。
1．A.separately B．equally C．violently D．naturally
答案 A [考查副词辨析。依据本句中的“the same thing”和下文中“我”的幻想变为与其他人共同努力实现的幻想可知，我们都各自(separately)在追赶同一个幻想。separately符合语境。equally意为“公正地，公正地”； violently意为“猛烈地”；naturally意为“自然地”，均不符合语境。]
2．A.off B．apart C．over D．out
答案 B [考查固定搭配。依据上文“经受了不快活的大事”以及下文“我发觉自己无家可归，独身一人”可知，此处指“我”的幻想破灭了。fall apart意为“垮掉，崩溃”。符合语境。故选B项。]
3．A.crossed B．left C．toured D．searched
答案 D [考查动词辨析。依据本句中的“for some place I could rent”可知，“我”在乡下查找“我” 能租到房子住的地方。search for意为“查找”，符合语境。]
4．A.fullest B．largest C．fairest D．cheapest
答案 D [考查形容词辨析。依据上文“I had my truck and $56.”以及上文语境可知，“我”身上没多少钱，所以“我”要租最廉价的房子。故选D项。]
5．A.at B．through C．over D．round
答案 C [考查介词辨析。横跨河面的道路通常用介词over。]
6．A.occupied B．abandoned C．emptied D．robbed
答案 B [考查动词辨析。依据上文中的“shabby house”及下文中的“full of broken glass and rubbish”可知，这个房子没人居住，是被遗弃的。故选B项。]
7．A.turned B．approached C．cleared D．cut
答案 C [考查动词辨析。由上文可知，房子里满是碎玻璃和垃圾，所以“我”得清理(clear)出一个角落来住进去。]
8．A.but B．although C．otherwise D．for
答案 A [考查连词辨析。依据上文“当地人对我一无所知”以及下文“他们教我做邻居的艺术”可知，前后句之间是转折关系。but意为“但是”，符合语境。]
9．A.benefit B．lesson C．nature D．art
答案 D [考查名词辨析。依据第三段最终一句可知，他们认为邻里间应友好相处，由此说明他们教“我”的是邻里间相处的艺术(art)。]
10．A.sticking B．looking C．swinging D．turning
答案 A [考查动词辨析。依据本句中的“chat”可知，送来毛毯、蜡烛和工具之后，他们便开头围在一起谈天。stick around意为“逗留”，符合语境。]
11．A.wild B．real C．different D．remote
答案 C [考查形容词辨析。依据第一段可知，作者之前理解的美国梦就是个人的成功而已，而这里他们的幻想是邻里友好相处，因此这是不同的幻想。故选C项。]
12．A.neighborliness B．happiness
C．friendliness D．kindness
答案 A [考查名词辨析。结合语境可知，四个选项中与“individual achievement”相对应的是neighborliness(邻里友好)。故选A项。]
13．A.unique B．expensive C．rare D．necessary
答案 D [考查形容词辨析。依据第一段可知，“我”之前认为的那些东西如工作、按揭、信贷、成功等在文明生活中必需具备的，在这个地方完全不存在。与nonexistent相对的是necessary。故选D项。]
14．A.Up B．Down C．Deep D．Along
答案 A [考查副词辨析。依据其次段第五句中的“four miles up a winding mountain road”可知，“我”所租住的房子在山上。故选A项。]
15．A.cooperation B．relationships
C．satisfaction D．appointments
答案 B [考查名词辨析。依据上下文语境及空格后的“with my neighbors”可知，在这座山上，对“我”来说，最有价值的财宝便是与邻居间的关系(relationships)。]
16．A.reality B．society C．town D．life
答案 C [考查名词辨析。依据前两段可知，“我”从城里搬到乡下居住；依据本句中的“moved back”可知，现在又回到城里了。故选C项。]
17．A.creating B．losing C．quitting D．offering
答案 B [考查动词辨析。依据本句中前半句内容可知，很多人过着困难的生活，说明他们失业了。故选B项。]
18．A.put in B．turn in C．take in D．get in
答案 C [考查动词短语辨析。依据下文，“我”租住的房子有四个人，后来又有九个人。由此可知，“我”租了一间足够大的房子，是为了接收更多的人。take in意为“接受，接收”，符合语境。]
19．A.yards B．shelters C．camps D．cottages
答案 B [考查名词辨析。依据语境可知，假如我们不联合起来，我们就都得待在避难所(shelter)。]
20．A.when B．what C．whether D．how
答案 D [考查连词辨析。依据语境可知，现在“我”所信仰的“美国梦”是同舟共济，不是“我”能为“我”自己赢得什么，而是如何通过共同努力让全部人都有收获。此处表示方式，所以用how。故选D项。]
Cloze 4
体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：实现个人价值 词数：334 时间：18′
(2021·浙江卷)Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford，I've watched one friend after another land highranking，highpaying Wall Street jobs.As executives (高级管理人员) with banks，consulting firms，established law firms，and major corporations，many are now __1__ on their way to impressive careers.By society's __2__，they seem to have it made.
On the surface，these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind，many had a __3__ drink at their cheap but friendly local bar，shook hands with longtime roommates，and __4__ out of small apartments into high buildings.They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine __5__ a college year's monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is，a number of them have __6__ that despite their success，they aren't happy.Some __7__ of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eighthour workweeks devoted to tasks they __8__．Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and __9__．However，instead of devoting themselves to their work，they find themselves working to support the __10__ to which they have so quickly become __11__．
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path，and __12__ in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they __13__ or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion：it's __14__．They have loans，bills，a mortgage (抵押贷款) to __15__，retirement to save for.They recognize there's something __16__ in their lives，but it's __17__ to step off the track.
In a society that tends to __18__ everything in terms of dollars and cents，we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our __19__ in financial terms.But what about the personal and social costs __20__ in pursuing money over meaning？These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore—and the very ones we need to consider most.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述伴侣高校毕业后的工作、心情、经受告知我们：我们不应当为了高质量的生活只追求金钱，个人价值和社会价值的实现才是最重要的。
1．A.much B．never C．seldom D．well
答案 D [考查副词词义辨析。依据后面的they seem to have it made可知，高校毕业后，我观看到
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