2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题06-情态动词和虚拟语气(原卷版).docx

【母题再现】
题型介绍：
情态动词和虚拟语气考点，是英语高考中的必考点。在高考中主要考查点有：情态动词的基本用法、情态动词表推想的用法、情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法、虚拟条件句的用法、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法、时间错综的虚拟条件句等。
命题形式：
本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.语法填空（短文填空）（毁灭在全国卷中）3.短文改错。4.完成句子（湖北卷）
高考选题：
题型1：
【2022·浙江卷】16. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ to our help.
   A. would have come   B. could come           C. have come          D. had come
题型2：【2022·湖北卷】完成句子
73.Sometimes________to use examples to explain abstract concepts, (helpful)
有时候举例或许有助于解释抽象的概念。
77.You _______ the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards,(interrupt)
你不该打断会议来告知我那件事，你本可以会后告知我。
80.It was several minutes_______what he was saying, (take)
过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
题型3：
【2022届宁夏高校附中一模】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线＼划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Gary,
I’m really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your lecture the last week. Please receive my apology for being such rude a student. But I didn’t use the mobile phone for any reason. I was trying to find a part-time job last week and that day, I got a job offer and they need my further informations immediately. However, I had no other choice but try sending them a text message in class. I promise it will ever happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. Will you be kindly enough to give it back to me? Thank you.
解题技巧：
解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：
情态动词的用法简洁多变,在高考试题中占的比重始终比较稳定,每年总有一至两个题,可以单独考查,也可以结合虚拟语气考查。命题者经常利用语境和句子之间意义上的微小差别来考查考生对情态动词的理解和把握,难度也保持较为稳定的趋势。其考点主要包括：
1、考查情态动词的基本用法。如：: can和could的用法及区分；will和would的用法及区分；must的用法；shall用于不同人称时的用法和should的各种用法；need的用法等。
2、考查情态动词的“推想”功能。如：can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推想，使用时要留意以下几点：（1）留意语气。语气较强用must, cannot，couldn’t；语气较弱may，might或can，could；（2）留意句式。在确定句中，一般用may，might，must；在否定句，疑问句中常用can，could；（3）留意时态。表示对现在或将来的状况的推想，此时通常用“情态动词+ 动词原形”结构；表示对现在或将来正在进行的状况进行推想，通常用“情态动词+进行体”结构；表示对过去状况的推想，通常用“情态动词+完成体”结构。
3、考查情态动词的特殊用法。如：
（1）cannot ／can't 与too／over（‐)／enough ／perfectly ／sufficiently 等词连用，意为“越…越…”“无论怎样…　…也不为过”、“决不会…　…够(过)”。
（2）cannot wait to do sth意为“急于做某事”，。
（3）would 和used to的区分；can 和be able to的区分。
（4）“may / might well＋动词原形”意为“理应，有足够的理由”；“may/ might as well＋动词原形”意为“还不如，不妨，还是…的好”。
（5）must表示偏执型，意为“偏要”；“硬要”；can用在确定句，可以表示客观上的“可能性”；shall用在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等；should表示估量或推想上的“应当”，译为“可能，该，估量，按理应当”；will 可以表示习惯和倾向性，意为“惯于, 老是, 终归是”等。
4、考查虚拟语气在各种从句以及隐含、混合等句中的运用。如：wish，as if/though，if only，would rather，otherwise, without等。
5、考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装现象。
2021年高考将重点考查情态动词表“推想和可能性、必要性、恳求、允许、承诺”，非真实条件虚拟语气和名词性从句的虚拟语气的运用。
【考点揭秘】
高频考点一：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
【浙江省瑞安中学2022届高三上学期期中考试】The doctor recommended that you ____________ swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
高频考点二：情态动词的基本用法
【浙江省温州中学2022届高三上学期期末考试】—Real Madrid is sure to win the match !
—It’ s hard to say . You know, anything ________ happen even in the last minute.
A. need B. must C. should D. can
高频考点三：考查情态动词表推想
【浙江省“六市六校”联盟2022届高考模拟考试】Tom’s score on the test is the highest in the class. He _____.
A. should study last night B. should have studied last night
C. must have studied last night D. must study last night
高频考点四：考查虚拟语气的用法
【浙江省宁波市十校2022届高三三月联考】It was playing video games that took the boy too much time that
he have spent learning．
A．could B． must C． might D． ought to
高频考点五：考查条件中的虚拟语气
【浙江省五校2022届高三第一次联考】— But for your timely warning, we _____ into great trouble.
— Well, you know we’re friends.
A. would get B. must have got C. would have got D. can’t have got
高频考点六：考查虚拟条件句中的倒装句
【浙江省温州中学2022届高三上学期期末考试】__________him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake.
A. Did I persuade B. If I persuade C. If I should persuade D. Had I persuaded
【直击高考】
情态动词和虚拟语气
1.【2022·全国大纲卷】30.Although you ______ find bargains in London, it，s not generally a cheap place to shop.
A. should B. need C. must D. can
2.【2022·重庆卷】3. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may not
3.【2022·重庆卷】10. --- I spent two weeks in London last summer.
--- Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _______ you?
A. mustn’t B. haven’t C. didn’t D. hadn’t
4.【2022·重庆卷】13. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _______ it?
A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing
5.【2022·北京卷】34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
A. are B. were
C. will be D. would be
6.【2022·北京卷】_______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
A. Can B. Must
C. Shall D. Should
7.【2022·江西卷】30. Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A. shall B. must C. need D. might
8.【2022·四川卷】6. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A. might                       B. must                 C. would               D. should
9.【2022·福建卷】32. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been
10.【2022·江苏卷】31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
A. might B. would C. should D. could
11.【2022·陕西卷】25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
A. need B. must C. should D. could
12.【2022·安徽卷】30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.
A. had thrown B. will be throwing
C. were throwing D. would have thrown
13.【2022·湖南卷】If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to
the people there.
A. were B. had been G. should be D. was
14.【2022·湖南卷】25. — I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shan’t D. needn't
【课后反馈】
夯实基础：
1．【浙江省宁波市十校2022届高三三月联考】The experts present at the conference all insisted that greenhouse gas emission be reduced from now on．
A．must B．will C．/ D．can
2．【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2022届高三上学期回头考】It has been announced that all the students ____ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.
A. shall B. will C. need D. may
3．【浙江省绍兴县鲁迅中学2022届高三一般高等学校招生5月适应性考试】--- Jack fell off the ladder yesterday，but he is all right now.
---What a lucky dog! He ________himself badly.
A. should injure B. might injure C. should have injured D. could have injured
4．【浙江省台州市2022届高三下学期三月第一次模拟】 you decide not to receive our information via email any longer, just click the link below to be removed from our list.
A. Should B. Must C. Could D. Would
8.【浙江省温州市十校联合体2022届高三上学期期中联考】You _______ call him if you want to, but you _______, for he’ll surely come here soon.
A. may; mustn’t B. can; needn’t C. have to; needn’t D. can; doesn’t need
5．【浙江省温州市十校联合体2022届高三上学期期中联考】It’s time that you_____with the relief work in the flood-stricken area after the awful typhoon.
A.must help B.can help C.helped D.have helped
力气拓展：
6．（江苏省无锡市第三高级中学2022届高三期初质量检测英语试卷） It was Mr. Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. Without his help, we ______ it so easily.
A. can’t manage B. mustn’t have managed
C. couldn’t have managed D. couldn’t manage
7．（英语卷·2022届江苏省扬州中学高三模拟考试（5月））— It’s no easy task to catch a ticket on a website that receives 1 billion clicks daily.
—I can’t agree with you more. There ________ be errors for every single step.
A．should B．must C．will D．can
8．（英语卷·2022届江苏省南京师大附中高三模拟考试）—What a pity! Their experiment is a failure.
—They ________ better under more favorable conditions.
A. should have done B. could have done C. must have done D. may have done
10．（江苏省扬州市扬州中学2022届高三上学期10月月考英语试题）What if you _____ to send an essay with your application? Would you have been rejected?
A. forget B. would forget C. had forgotten D. should forget
自我提升：
11．（江苏省苏州市2022届高三1月调研测试英语试题）We got in my father's car and headed straight home and__________,I surely would have been stuck in the station for several days.
A. had I not B. did I not C. if I didn't D. if I had
12．（江苏省苏州市2022届高三1月调研测试英语试题）China Hengda＿well have won the football match, but I don't know because I wasn't there.
A. could B. may C. should D. must
13．（江苏省沭阳县五校2022届高三上学期第一次联考英语试题）Johnny’s uncle promises that the
boy get a nice present on Christmas Eve.
A. should B. must C. can D. shall
14．（江苏省清江中学2022届高三第一次月考）-- If you _____ away our secret that day, the current situation _____ different.
-- Sorry, but _____ to do that.
A. didn’t give; will be; didn’t mean B. hadn’t given; would be; didn’t mean
C. hadn’t given; would have been; hadn’t meant D. shouldn’t give; is; don’t mean
15．【2022届宁夏银川一中二模】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。
Dear Angela,
I am so happy to learn you are coming to study in our school and stay at my home.
My home is at No.58, Mingzu Street. A five-minutes walk from my home along Mingzu Street will lead you to a crossroads, when Mingzu Street meets Baohu Road. On the corner of the crossroads lie a shopping mall, where you can get everything you needed. Walking for about 300 meter along Baohu Road, you’ll see our school on right. There we will spend most of the daytime. In the end of Mingzu Street stands the new railway station, and that it’s easy for you to reach. As a bus stop is just next to my home, Bus No.23 will direct take you there.
I can’t wait to seeing you in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
【名师小结】
在解答有关情态动词和虚拟语气的试题时，一是需要深刻理解情态动词的基本用法和含义；二是需要弄清楚情态动词表推想的用法；三、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法；四、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法；五、虚拟条件句的倒装形式。