2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题07-动词的时态和语态(原卷版).docx

【母题再现】
题型介绍：
动词的时态和语态考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：九种时态的基本用法、九种时态的被动语态的用法、具体语境下的时态应用、某些特殊句式中的动词时态和语态等。
命题形式：
本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.语法填空（短文填空）（毁灭在全国卷中）3.短文改错。
高考选题：
题型1：
.【2022·浙江卷】11. Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _____ most of the guests before.
   A. has seen            B. had seen             C. saw                 D. would see
题型2：
【2022·新课标全国卷II】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about__61__(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __62__ some of them looked very anxious and __63__(disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __66__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __65__(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __66__(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __67__(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked，“__68__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's __69__(I)．” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __70__(sudden) became friendly to one another.
题型3：
【2022·陕西卷】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.
One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!
解题技巧：
解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：
动词时态和语态是两个格外重要的语法范畴,构成了英语语法的基本框架，几乎全部动词的考查都必需要借助于时态和语态来完成。试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其它语法内容的测试，比如各种从句、强调、倒装等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其考点主要包括：
1、考查时态的基本概念。如：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、将来进行时等。
2、考查各种时态之间的区分。如：一般过去时和现在完成时；一般现在时与现在进行时；一般过去时和过去完成时等。
3、考查不能用被动语态的几种状况。如：
（1）全部的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。
（2）表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。
（3）表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。
（4）表示“期望、意图”的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。
（5）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。
4、考查主动形式表被动意义的状况。
（1）当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；
（2）当cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等词带状语修饰语时；
（3）当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时；
（4）want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。
（5）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。
（6）在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的规律宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。
另外：be to blame(受责怪)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。
2021年高考将连续留意在语境中考查动词的时态和语态，试题将连续凸显“情景立意”和“力气立意”的命题原则。
【考点揭秘】
高频考点一：考查一般过去时和现在完成时的区分
【2022届四川省资阳市一诊英语试题】―I am really struck by your spoken English. You speak so fluently. Have you been abroad?
―Yes. I ______ in London for two years.
A. have stayed B. stayed C. had stayed D. have been staying
高频考点二：考查一般过去时和过去完成时的区分
【2022届四川省成都外国语学校高三10月月考试题】The job proved to be much more difficult than I______.
A. expect  B. expected  C. would expect  D .had expected 
高频考点三：考查含有虚拟语气的句子中的时态（难点留意虚拟语气与真实句的混合）
【2022届四川省成都市乐山一中高三10月月考试题】They two free tickets to Australia, otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go.
A.had got B.got C.have got D.get
高频考点四：考查过去完成时的用法
【2022届四川省泸县九中高三上学期一诊模拟试题】The news came as no surprise to me . I ____ for some time that the factory was going to shut down .
A. knew B. know C. have known D. had known
高频考点五：考查进行时态，留意语境的分析
【2022届四川省绵阳高南山中学高三10月月考试题】— Did you see the manager in his office?
—Yes, he ______ by the journalist from Chengdu Evening.
A．has been interviewed B．is being interviewed
C．had been interviewed D．was being interviewed
高频考点六：考查一般过去时
【2022届四川省成都市树德中学高三3月阶段性考试试题】Outdoor activities are as much a part of childhood for this generation of Chinese children as they __________ for their parents and grandparents.
A. are B. will be C. were D. have been
【直击高考】
动词的时态和语态
1.【2022·全国大纲卷】22. Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close.
A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found
2.【2022·全国大纲卷】32.The reports went missing in 2022 and nobody _____them since.
A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen
3.【2022·重庆卷】4. You’d better write down her phone number before you _______ it.
A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget
4.【2022·重庆卷】8. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _______ until yesterday.
A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. came
5.【2022·北京卷】32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.
A. started B. was starting
C. would start D. had started
6.【2022·北京卷】--- What time is it?
--- I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.
A. check B. checked
C. will check D. would check
7.【2022·北京卷】22. ---Hi, let’s go skating.
--- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.
A. fill B. have filled
C. am filling D. will fill
8.【2022·天津卷】11. We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.
A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made
9.【2022·山东卷】1. Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we______.
A. will expect B. are expecting C. expect D. had expected
10.【2022·山东卷】5. They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs.
A. bought B. would buy C. have bought D. had bought
11.【2022·江西卷】24. ----Tony, why are your eyes red?
---I __ up peppers for the last five minutes.
A. cut B. was cutting C. had cut D. have been cutting
12.【2022·四川卷】9. She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A. phoned                     B. had phoned        C. was phoning      D. has phoned
13.【2022·福建卷】23.—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying
14.【2022·江苏卷】23. —How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.
A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered
15.【2022·陕西卷】22. During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,
A. would recommend B. had recommended
C. have recommended D. were recommending
17.【2022·湖南卷】28. Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try B. have been trying
C. are trying D. will try
18.【2022·湖南卷】34. Whenever you a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.
A. bought B. have bought C. will buy D. buy
【课后反馈】
夯实基础：
1．【2022届四川省宜宾市高三二诊英语试题】—Did you watch the film Frozen on the Internet yesterday?
— No, I _______my mother do housework all day.
A. was helping B. would help C. had helped D. help
2．【2022届四川省雅安中学高三上学期12月月考考试试题】—Where did you go on National Day?
—Jiuzhai Valley. I ______ to go to France, but the expense was too high.
A. planned B. would plan C. have planned D. had planned
3．【2022届四川省雅安中学高三入学模拟考试试题】-- I’m exhausted. I _____ on a project day and night.
-- You’d better have several days off after finishing it. Otherwise you might break down.
A. worked B. have worked C. work D. have been working
4．【2022届四川省邛崃市高三第一次月考英语试题】Miss Jones ________ music at Bardon School for five years when she was abroad and now she is an actress.
A．had taught B．has taught C．taught D．has been teaching
5．【2022届四川省绵阳市高三第一次诊断性考试英语试题】 Hello, Tom. What a coincidence! I ______ about you. And here you are.
A. was just thinking B. just thought C. have just thought D. would just think
力气拓展：
6．【2022届四川省凉山州高三12月第一次诊断检测英语试题】—Look! Somebody 　the window.
—Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it
A. has broken　B. was breaking　 C. had broken 　D. is breaking
7．【2022届四川省成都外国语学校高三11月月考试题】I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he on it for more than an hour.
A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked
8．【2022届四川省成都七中高三三诊模拟英语试题】—What a mistake!
—Yes. I ______ he do it in another way, but without success.
A. was suggesting B. have suggested
C. would suggest D. had suggested
9．【2022届四川省宜宾市高中一诊英语试题】—Can you answer the question, Tom?
—Sorry, Sir. My mind .
A. wanders B. is wandering C. wandered D. was wandering
10．【2022届四川省成都外国语学校高三2月月考试题】 —Haven’t I told you that you should be home earlier?
—Yes, but I _____ home earlier than I usually do.
A. was coming B. will come C. came D. had come
自我提升：
11．【2022届四川省成都七中高三一诊模拟考试试题】 —Have you finished your task already?
— Yes, I ________ it in 40 minutes.
A. have finished B. had finished C. will finish D. finished
12．【2022届四川省成都市乐山一中高三10月月考试题】 Not until they left school how much their teachers loved them and helped them.
A. they realized B. did they realize
C. had they realized D. they would realize
13．【2022届四川省成都高毕业班第一次诊断性检测】 - Will you be available at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon?
- No. I ______ a lecture then.
A are attending B. will have attended C. will attend D. will be attending
14．【2022届宁夏银川一中一模】Patient: thank you for agreeing to see me on such short notice, doctor.
Doctor: Anything for my favorite patient! Now, what seems to be 61___matter?
Patient: it’s my vision. I can’t see well at night, and __62_I wake up in the morning, it takes me a few minutes before I can see clearly.
Doctor: OK. I’m going to take a __63__(close) look . just relax. How _64___has this been going on ?
Patient: A couple of weeks. I guess…wow, that’s right!
Doctor: Does __65__ hurt when I do that?
Patient: Not exactly, it’s just really bright.
Doctor: OK. Please, go on.
Patient: Well, I ____66____ (walk) down to the basement in my house about
three weeks ago when I slipped and bumped my head pretty hard on
the steps.
Doctor:Where exactly did you hit ___67___ head?
Patient: Right on the back. I heard a loud sound when I hit it, but there was no blood
and everything seemed to be okay.
Doctor: You didn’t get it ___68___(check) out then?
Patient: My wife said I should, but nothing was wrong,so I thought, why bother? Well,
a week passed and all of a sudden I started to have problems with my sight. I
first noticed it when I was driving back home __69__ work.It’s gotten worse
over the past week or so.
Doctor: I’m glad you came to see me.I’m going to order some tests, and I want to
make an appointment for you to see a specialist tomorrow morning.__70__
(hope), it’s nothing too serious.
15．【2022·辽宁卷】文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除
或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(试题内容如下)
Dear Jeremy and Alice，
Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors, we're hoping to settle
something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.
We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking. It is difficult to
understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. The early morning barking
have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to
bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5
o'clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a
good way of settling the matter.
Sincerely,
Jack and Rose
【名师小结】
在解答有关时态和语态的试题时，一是需要深刻理解句子的具体语境，把握好动作的先后关系；二是需要弄清楚几个易混的时态：一般过去时和现在完成时、过去完成时和一个过去时；；三、熟记特殊句型中的时态形式。