【2022走向高考】高三英语一轮(外研版)复习：高考专项突破-阅读2.docx

其次其次部分部分 高考专项突破高考专项突破(二二)A Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.Strange as it may seem,if youre unsatisfied,the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desiresnot that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you dont have enough tastes.Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities(力气)to enjoy life.Most people are already swamped(沉没)with things.They eat,wear,go and talk too much.They_live_in_too_ big_a_house_with_too_many_rooms,_yet_their_house_of_life_is_a_hut.Your house of life ought to be a mansion(豪宅),a royal palace.Every new taste,every additional interest,every fresh enthusiasm adds a room.Here are several rooms your house of life should have.Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things.If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them,they would make you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when youre hungry.Literature,classic literature,is a beautiful,richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment.To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person,for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library.Music like Mozarts and Bachs shouldnt be absent.Real riches are of the spirit.And when youve brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk,you have increased your thrills and bettered them.And life is a matter of thrills.Sports,without which you remain poor,mean a lot in life.No matter who you are,you would be more human,and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days,if you could,and did,play a bit.Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life,the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding.语篇解读：什么是真正的幸福和富有？不是更多的金钱和物质，精神的富有才会真正使你幸福。真正的幸福不是住在一个多么大的房子里。人生的大房子应当是由艺术、文学、音乐、体育等各个“房间”组成的。1The author intends to tell us that_.Atrue happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair means Bbig houses are peoples most valued possessions Cbig houses can in a sense bring richness of life Dtrue happiness comes from spiritual riches 答案：D 推理推断题。本文的主旨就是说明真正的幸福是精神的富足，财宝、大房子等物质的拥有并不能带来真正的幸福和富足。2The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that_.Ahowever materially rich,they never seem to be satisfied Bhowever materially rich,they remain spiritually poor Cthough their house is big,they prefer a simple life Dthough their house is big,it seems to be a cage 答案：B 细节理解题。该句的字面意思是“他们住在一所拥有超多房间的超大房子里，然而他们的生命房间却是一间陋舍。”，结合本文主旨大意，可知此处应是想说尽管他们物质富有，但却精神贫瘠，故 B 项正确。3It can be learned from the passage that _.Amore money brings more happiness Bart is needed to make your house beautiful Cliterature can enrich your spiritual life Dsports contribute mainly to your physical fitness 答案：C 推理推断题。A 项意为“更多的金钱可以带来更多的幸福”，明显与文章主题不符；艺术(art)是使人精神生活充实，而非使房子更秀丽，排解 B 项；运动(sports)在生活当中意义丰富，而非仅仅使你身体健康，排解 D 项。只有 C 项“文学可以丰富你的精神生活”符合本文的观点。4What would be the best title for the passage?AHouse of Life BSecret of Wealth CRest and Refreshment DInterest and Enthusiasm 答案：A 主旨大意题。本文的主要意思就是说明物质上的大房间并不是真正的富足，而是拥有艺术、文学、音乐、体育等“房间”的生命的房间(house of life)才是真正的富有，才能够给你带来更多的幸福。B(2022 新课标，C)A typical lion tamer(驯兽师)in peoples mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention,but its mostly for show.In reality,its the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lions face,the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion?How often do you have something you want to achieve(e.g.lose weight,start a business,travel more)only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action,make less progress,and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesnt have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this:All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want to accomplish,someone you want to become.take immediate action.If youre clear about where you want to go,the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.语篇解读：本文通过驯兽时，狮子在面对椅子的四条腿时，不知道该作何选择，联系到我们。我们事实上跟狮子一样，在面对多种选择时会困惑，而此时最好的选择就是快速作出打算。5Why does the lion tamer use a chair?ATo trick the lion.BTo show off his skills.CTo get ready for a fight.DTo entertain the audience.答案：A 细节理解题。由文章第一段第三句信息“In reality，it is the chair that does the important work.”以及本段后面的介绍可知，是椅子在训狮中起关键作用，故 A 项正确。6In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?AThey feel puzzled over choices.BThey hold on to the wrong things.CThey find it hard to make changes.DThey have to do something for show.答案：A 推理推断题。由文章第一段最终几句话“With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and is unsure what to do next.”以及其次段第一句话“How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion？”可知，人经常跟狮子一样遇到同样的情形，即：在面对多个选择的时候很困惑，不知该作何选择，故A 项正确。7What is the authors attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?ATolerant.BDoubtful.CRespectful DSupportive.答案：B 推理推断题。第三段的几个信息“upsets me to no end，left confused”等等可推知，虽然专家在忙着辩论那个选择最好，但是我们始终很困惑，由此可推知：作者对专家持怀疑态度，故 B 项正确。8When the world is“waving a chair in your face”，youre advised to _.Await for a better chance Bbreak your old habits Cmake a quick decision Dask for clear guidance 答案：C 细节理解题。由文章最终一段其次句信息“Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face，remember this：All you need to do is focus on one thing，”即：快速作出打算该干什么，故 C 项正确。C The behaviour of a buildings users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre(UKERC).The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放)by 80 percent by 2050,part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2022.But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own-though extremely importantis not enough to achieve such reductions:the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率)，which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything，explains Katy Janda,a UKERC senior researcher，consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.In other words，old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home.Another part of the problem is information.Households and bill-payers dont have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits.Without specific information，its hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices.Feedback(反馈)facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use;some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.Social science research has added a further dimension(方面)，suggesting that individuals behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predictedwhether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat(恒温器),for example.Janda argues that education is the key.She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，大意是说明建筑物的使用者的行为至少和它的设计一样的重要，即人们家庭对于能源的消费量直接影响我们的生活环境的质量。9As to energy use,the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of _.Azero-carbon homes Bthe behaviour of building users Csustainable building design Dthe reduction of carbon emissions 答案：B 推理推断题。依据文章首句可知英国能源争辩中心的争辩表明白人们行为举止对环境的重要性，故选 B 项。10The underlined word“which”in Paragraph 2 refers to“_.”Athe ways Btheir homes Cdevelopments Dexisting efforts 答案：D 词义猜想题。which 引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词是 existing efforts，故选 D 项。11What are Katy Jandas words mainly about?AThe importance of changing building users habits.BThe necessity of making a careful building design.CThe variety of consumption patterns of building users.DThe role of technology in improving energy efficiency.答案：A 推理推断题。依据第三自然段中的“consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design”一句可知专家强调转变人们的家庭生活习惯的重要性，故选 A 项。D(2022 陕西 B)When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines,Iowa,he told me about the only time he had been there.It was in the 1930s,when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University(SMU)in Dallas,Texas.He also worked as a professor at SMU,and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease.She couldnt afford the operation because her family was poor.Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston,a seaside town near Houston,Texas.She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼)one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿).On its top page were the words,“By O.Henry”.It was a nice story,and she sent it to her daughter at SMU,who showed it to my father.My father had never read the story before,but it sounded like O.Henry,and he knew that O.Henry had once lived in Houston.So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse,and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident.My father visited an O.Henry expert at Columbia University in New York,who authenticated the story as O.Henrys.My father then set out to sell it.Eventually,he found himself in Des Moines,meeting with Gardner Cowles,a top editor at the Des Moines Register.Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot.My father took the money to the girl.It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.My father never told me what the O.Henry story was about.But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.语篇解读：本文为记叙文。叙述父亲的一个同学偶然获得欧亨利的手稿，父亲几经努力挂念她卖掉，为同学筹集来动手术的费用。12Who found the O.Henrys manuscript?AThe girls mother.BThe authors father.CThe girl.DThe author.答案：A 细节理解题。由其次段中其次行找到答案出处“She was cleaning out the attic one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript”，可知女孩的母亲在打扫阁楼时偶然发觉了这份手稿。13Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic?AO.Henry once worked in Houston.BO.Henry once stayed in Galveston.CO.Henry once moved to Des Moines.DO.Henry once taught at SMU.答案：B 细节理解题。由其次段第六句中“So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse”，可知这位作家在 Galveston 居住过。14The underlined word“authenticated”in Paragraph 2 probably means _.Anamed Btreated Cproved Ddescribed 答案：C 词意猜想题。依据上下文语义，可知作者父亲在高校找到欧亨利争辩专家，那位专家帮父亲确认手稿是欧亨利本人的，所以答案应为 prove“证明”；name“命名”；treat“对待”；describe“描述”。15According to the text,why did the authors father go to Des Moines?ATo sell the O.Henry story.BTo meet the author himself.CTo talk with the O.Henry expert.DTo give money to the girl.答案：A 细节理解题。依据题目关键词可定位到文章第三段第一行“My father then set out to sell it.Eventually,he found himself in Des Moines”可知答案为 A。