2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测21.doc

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七年级(上)　Units 1—4
,中考基础知识梳理
编者按：此部分严格按照人教课本词汇表梳理单词、词性、汉语意思，旨在让学生加强对重点单词、短语的记忆。

类别
课标考点要求

词
汇
攻
关
1.please→(形容词)高兴，满意________
→(名词)________
2．meet→(名词)________
3．two→(序数词)________
→两次________
4．one→(序数词)________
→一次________
5．friend→(形容词)________
→(形容词的反义词)________
→(名词)友谊________
6．China→(形容词)________
7．who→(所有格)________
8．radio→(复数)________
9.this→(对应词)________
→(复数)________
→(复数的对应词)________
10．they→(宾格)________
→(形容词性物主代词)________
→(名词性物主代词)________
→(反身代词)________
11．help→(形容词)________
12．there→(对应词)________
13．my→(复数)________
→(名词性物主代词)________
→(复数的名词性物主代词)________
14．play→(名词)播放机________
短
语
归
纳
1.用英语____________
2．电话号码____________
3．名字____________
4．姓____________
5．中学，初中____________
6．铅笔盒，文具盒____________
7．学生卡，身份证________
8．请求，恳求(给予)________
9.一套，一副，一组____________
10．在沙发上____________
11．在椅子下____________
12．在书包里____________
13．快点儿____________
14．录音机____________
15．飞机模型____________
句
型
再
现
1.“这个用英语怎么说？”“橙子。”
—____________ in English?
—____________.
2．这是什么颜色？
____________ is it?
3．“你叫什么名字？”“艾伦。”
—____________？
—____________ Alan.
4．那是我的家人。那是我的父母。
________ my family.________ my parents.
5．这里有两张我的漂亮的全家福。
________ two nice photos of my family.
6．“打扰了，格雷丝。这是你的铅笔吗？”
“是的，谢谢你。”
—________，Grace.________ your pencil？
—Yes，________.
7．“这些是你的书吗？”“不是，是她的。”
—________ your books?
—No，________.________.
8．这本词典(是谁的)呢？
____________ this dictionary?
9．“安娜，谢谢你的帮助。”“不客气。”
—____________，Anna.
—You're ________.
10．找老师要它。
________ the teacher ________ it.
11．给我发电子邮件到maryg2@。
____________maryg2@．
12．拨打电话685­6034找我。
____________ 685­6034.
语法
结构
1.名词复数的构成及规律。
2．be动词的用法。
3．人称代词和物主代词的区别及用法特点。

,贵阳五年中考真题演练
编者按：针对贵阳近5年基础题型(单项选择、词语运用、连词成句)逐课时分类别进行呈现，即词汇类、语法类和句型类，旨在让学生明确各课时的复习重难点，全面把握中考命题方向，有的放矢，高效备考。
◆词汇类
1．(2012贵阳89题)If you are more ________ to your classmates，you will get on well with them.(friendly，friends)
2．(2014贵阳88题)“Who's that girl over there？”“She's Susan，a friend of ________.”(I)
(　　)3.(2011贵阳40题)The pot­bellied is too big to sleep in the house，________ I have to make her a big one.
A．or　　　　B．so　　　　C．but　　　　
(　　)4.(2011贵阳43题)Many students said that they were willing to work hard to make their dreams ________ true.
A．come B．came C．comes
(　　)5.(2013贵阳34题)We all like Wang Ling because he is always ________ us，and he is very helpful.
A．friendly to B．angry with C．mad at
(　　)6.(2015贵阳32题)Bob hurt ________ in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.
A．myself B．himself C．herself
(　　)7.(2014贵阳41题)The little kid is just two years old.He's too young to take care of ________.
A．his B．him C．himself
(　　)8.(2015贵阳适应性考试44题)Many people's effort made ________ possible to have the great sports meeting in Guiyang.
A．it B．this C．that
(　　)9.(2014遵义33题)—Is that girl in red skirt ________ classmate?
—No，she isn't.________ is the girl in yellow one.
A．your；Mine B．yours；My C．your；My
(　　)10.(2014六盘水28题)Peng Liyuan is a pretty lady，and ________ songs are also popular.
A．she B．her C．hers
(　　)11.(2012铜仁24题)—Where is my pen?
—Oh，sorry，I have taken ________ by mistake.
A．yours B．mine C．hers
(　　)12.(2012贵阳31题)Victor can play ________ piano.He can join the music club.
A．a　　　　　B．an　　　　　C．the
(　　)13.(2014贵阳40题)It is reported that a terrible rainstorm hit ________ south of our country last night.
A．the B．a C．an
(　　)14.(2011贵阳31题)—Cindy，do you have ________ e­mail address？I want to send you some photos.
—Yes，I do.It's cindy 26 @ .
A．a B．an C．the
(　　)15.(2014安顺26题)This is ________ useful book，________ book is my brother's.
A．a；the B．an；the C．a；an,贵阳中考重难点突破
编者按：全新的“练—讲—练”策划模式，先设置【考点抢测】进行自我检验，再结合【满分点拨】针对有问题的地方进行选择性学习，便于把握重点，彻底通晓。

　it pron.它
【考点抢测】
1．Mom，my old coat is too small.Can you buy a new ________ for me?
2．—What are you doing here?
—I have lost my dictionary.I am looking for ________.
3．The weather in China is different from ________ in South Africa.
【满分点拨】
it
指代前面提到的同一个事物，其复数为they/them
one
表示泛指，指前面提到过的同一类人或事物中的一个，相当于a/an＋名词，其复数为ones
that
表示特指，指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，相当于the＋名词，其复数为those
【一言辨异】
I have a new pen.My father bought it for me.And he bought one for my brother，too.
我有一支新钢笔，是爸爸买给我的(这支钢笔)。而且他也给我弟弟买了一支(相似的但非上文那支)。
　say v．说；讲
【考点抢测】
tell，speak，talk，say
4．Don't forget to ________ “Thanks” when you get help.
5．One student ________ the general secretary that he was very interested in learning the technology.
6．Does your language teacher ________ Chinese in class?
7．The general secretary went into the practical training building and ________ to the teachers and students who were training before the machine.(贵阳特色：2015年6月18日习近平来到位于贵阳清镇职教城的贵州省机械工业学校，考察贵州省职业教育发展并同正在机床前实训的师生亲切交谈)
(　　)8.(2013青岛中考)—Do you know why he didn't ________ a word when he ________ to?
—Because he was too nervous.
A．speak；speaks　　　B．say；was spoken
C．speak；is spoken
【满分点拨】
say/speak/talk/tell“说”不同

say强调说话的内容，后可跟宾语从句

speak强调说话的能力，作及物动词时，常跟某种语言作宾语，用作不及物动词时，表示“发言”。常搭配：speak at a meeting，在会上发言，另外还可以表示“电话中人通话”

talk指连续不断地讲话，强调与某人交谈。talk to sb.“和某人谈话”；talk with sb.“和某人交谈”；talk about“讨论；谈论”

tell“告诉；讲述”，强调讲给别人听。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”；tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”；tell sb.(not) to do sth.“告诉某人(不要)做某事”
　and conj.和；又；而
【考点抢测】
9．Put on your sweater，________ you'll feel much warmer.
10．I got up late，________ I had to take a taxi to school.
11．Work hard，________ you'll fail the test.
(　　)12.(2014苏州中考)Read this article，________ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.
A．or　　 　B．and　　 　C．but
【满分点拨】
连词
作用
含义
例句
and
并列；顺承
和；然后
Listen to some music，and you'll feel more relaxed.
but
转折
但是
I like English songs，but I can't sing any.
or
结果
否则
Tell me the truth，or I'll get angry.
so
因果
所以
I didn't have lunch，so I'm hungry now.
　must modal v．必须
【考点抢测】
13．The last train has gone.We'll ________ walk home.
14．Everyone ________ keep the law.
(　　)15.(2014北京中考)—Must I hand in my homework now，Mr.Smith?
—No，you ________.
A．can't B．shouldn't
C．needn't
【满分点拨】
异同点
must
have to
异

侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事
侧重于客观需要，有“不得不”“被迫”的意思

情态动词，无人称、时态变化
有人称、时态变化(have to/had to/will have to)

Must…？问句否定答语用needn't或don't have to
否定或疑问借助助动词do/does/did等

mustn't“一定不要”“不允许”
not have to＝needn't“不必”

同
两者都表示“必须”，后跟动词原形

　family n．家；家庭
【考点抢测】
16．这是托尼的全家福照片。
This is a photo of Tony's ________.
17．去年我哥哥建了一座新房子。
My brother built a new ________ last year.
18．他把中国看作第二故乡。
He considers China as his second ________.
(　　)19.(2015资阳中考)Sally considers Wuhan to be her second ________ because she has lived here for 13 years.
A．family　　　B．house　　　C．home
【满分点拨】
family
家庭
强调家庭成员
home
家；家乡
指家庭成员在一起生活的地方
house
房子
主要指建筑物、住宅等，可以包含若干房间(rooms)
【图解助记】

　辨析good，fine，nice与well
【考点抢测】
20．—Your daughter's skirt looks very ________．
—Thanks a lot.
21．It is ________ for your health to do morning exercise every day.
22．What ________weather！Let's go out for a walk.
23．I am very ________，thanks.
24．Jim is a ________ basketball player.He plays in our school team.
【满分点拨】
good，fine，nice和well都有“好”的意思，常见用法如下表：

考点
用法
good
说明人的品质好或物的质量好
fine
侧重于“质量的精细、身体健康”，常表示品质、特点和能力的好，还可表示“天气晴好”
nice
指某人或某物有取悦他人的感官，使人感到喜悦、感到舒适，含有“美好的、美妙的、漂亮的”等意思；还可表示“对人友好和蔼”
well
作形容词时指身体健康状况好；作副词时指某一动作做得好
,高频话题写作指导
家庭
◆写作导图
从全国近5年“家庭类”相关话题书面表达的命题来看，通常会从介绍家庭成员及家庭成员之间发生的故事、家庭成员之间的沟通与交流及家庭成员之间的深厚感情三方面来设题。
分析近5年35套贵阳真题可知，贵阳对此话题的书面表达是以介绍家庭成员及表达对他们的深厚感情为主，下面以(2012贵阳中考)真题为例：
I love
my
family→Basic
information→who
→age
→job
hobby
→personality
→look
→The story
between my
family and I→had a fever；
worried about me；
took me to a hospital；
too tired to stand
→Show my feelings→love my family；can
take care of her
◆亮点句型速成
常用句型：The person is my mother.I love her very much.
推荐句型：⇒①The person I love most is my mother.
⇒②The person who often encourages me is my mother.
常用句型：Thanks for what she has done for me.I'm moved.
推荐句型：⇒I am deeply moved and thankful by the things that she has done for me.
常用句型：You do as I mentioned above.You can get on well with your parents.
推荐句型：⇒If you do as I mentioned above，you can get on well with your parents.
(一)开头句：
1．I have a big family.I like my father，mother，grandfather，grandmother and they like me，too.
2．How can I get on well with my brother?
(二)正文句：
3．My mother likes reading books when she has a day off.
4．My father is a handsome man with big eyes.
5．Her favorite color is green，so she often wears green skirt.
6．My mother gets up the earliest in our family.
(三)结尾句：
12．I love my parents more than anyone else.
13．Thank you for everything you have done for me.
◆典例剖析
假设你是Hilltop School的Lin Tao同学，在你成长的过程中，家人们一直为你默默地付出，请你以“I love my family”为题，为《English Study》写一篇征文，表达你对家人们的感激之情。
要点如下：1.简要介绍你的家人；
2．叙述他们为你所做的一件令你感动的事；
3．表达你对家人的感激之情。
注意：1.短文应不少于80词；
2．文中不得使用真实的人名、校名。
【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1．本篇作文为记叙文，主要介绍你的家人，叙述他们为你所做的一件令你感动的事，并表达你对家人的感激之情。
2．介绍家庭的基本情况用一般现在时，叙述他们为自己所做的感动的事用一般过去时；介绍家庭成员的情况用第三人称。
【范文点评】
I love my family
I am a left behind child.There are five people in my family.They are my grandmother，my parents，my sister and me.My parents work in a big city in order to make money for living.So my sister and I live with my grandmother in a small village.My grandmother is 75 years old.
Last year，I was badly ill.I had a fever at midnight.But it was raining heavily outside.And my home was far from the town hospital.My grandmother was worried about me.So she took me to a town hospital.When we arrived at the town hospital，she was too tired to stand.The doctor looked over me and said it was nothing serious.My grandmother smiled.
I love my family.I love my grandmother more than anyone else.I hope my parents can work in my hometown.

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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