宾语从句练习题市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

The Objective clause 宾语从句第1页主句主句连接词连接词从句从句He asked me where I had put his book.连接词连接词从句从句主句主句e.g.I think you should study hard.组成：主句组成：主句 +连接词连接词 +从句从句定义定义：在句子中用作在句子中用作宾语宾语(在谓语动词之后在谓语动词之后)从从 句叫句叫宾语宾语 从句从句。(that)第2页第二、宾语从句三要素：第二、宾语从句三要素：连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序第3页他叫什么名字？他叫什么名字？他怎么去上学？他怎么去上学？Whats his name?How does he go to school?I am not sure _ _what his name is.how he goes to school.从句用从句用陈说句陈说句语序语序(主语主语+谓语谓语)第4页1.当从句为陈说句时，连接词用当从句为陈说句时，连接词用thatthat。thatthat在句中在句中无无意义意义,在口语中可省略在口语中可省略.e.g.The earth goes around the sun.I know He will be back in an hour.I think看从句类型看从句类型I know that the earth goes around the sun.I think that he will be back in an hour.第5页2.当从句为普通疑问句时，连接词用当从句为普通疑问句时，连接词用if或或whether。e.g.Is Alice 15 years old?I wonder看从句类型看从句类型I wonder if/whether Alice is 15 years old.More practice:I want to know:他明天是否回来。他明天是否回来。你是否喜欢可乐。你是否喜欢可乐。第6页3.当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用特殊疑问词特殊疑问词。e.g.How old is Alice?I want to know How often do you go to the library?看从句类型看从句类型I want to know how old Alice is.Could you tell me _.第7页 从句句式从句句式 连接词连接词 陈说句陈说句that(无词汇意义无词汇意义)普通疑问句普通疑问句if,whether(是否是否)特殊疑问特殊疑问特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句必定句必定句否定句否定句ask/tell+sb.+to+v.ask/tell/+sb.+not to+v.第8页宾语从句是祈使句时：宾语从句是祈使句时：vThe teacher said,“Keep silent.”v The teacher()the students()()silent.vMum said,“Dont play football on the street,boys.”vMum told them _ _on the street.第9页（三）、宾语从句时态（三）、宾语从句时态你昨天什么时候起床？你昨天什么时候起床？你天天几点到校？你天天几点到校？你明天几点出发？你明天几点出发？When did you get up yesterday?When do you get to school every day?When will you start tomorrow?I wonderI wonder when you got up yesterday.I wonder when you get to school every day.I wonder when you will start tomorrow.主现从不限主现从不限I wonder 他是否去过北京。他是否去过北京。if he has been to Beijing.第10页What is your favourite activity?What is he doing?My father will go to Beijing next week.He has finished his homework.I knowI knew what your favourite activity was.what he was doing.主过从四过主过从四过my father would go to Beijing next week.he had finished his homework.（三）、宾语从句时态（三）、宾语从句时态第11页The earth is bigger than the moon.My mother told me(合并句子合并句子)My mother told me _that the earth is bigger than the moon.注意注意:当从句叙述内容为当从句叙述内容为客观真理客观真理时，依然用时，依然用普通现在时普通现在时。e.g.Our teacher said the moon moves around the sun.第12页 主句时态主句时态 从句时态从句时态 连接前连接前 连接后连接后 现在时现在时(普通现在时普通现在时,现在进行时现在进行时,现现在完成时在完成时),普通未来时普通未来时,Could you,Would you please.保持不变保持不变普通过去时普通过去时普通现在时普通现在时普通过去时普通过去时普通过去时普通过去时过去完成时过去完成时普通未来时普通未来时过去未来时过去未来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时 当从句叙述内容为当从句叙述内容为客观真理客观真理时，依然用时，依然用普通现在时普通现在时。e.g.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.注注:第13页1.“Where is the nearest bank?”Could you tell me?2.Could you tell me where _.3.2.“I have given up smoking,”said my brother.4.My brother said that he _.5.3.“Are you going to learn swim?”asked Tom.6.Tom asked me if/whether I_.7.4.“What will we do next?”we havent decided.8.We havent decided what we_.9.5.“What did you say?”I didnt hear.10.I didnt hear what you_.the nearest bank ishad given up smokingwas going to learn to swimwill do nexthad saidExercise:疑问句中，疑问句中，could，would表婉转语气，不表婉转语气，不表示过去时。表示过去时。第14页将以下句子合并为一将以下句子合并为一:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.I asked _ on the way.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?Could you tell me _at the meeting?3.Do they like to play football?Tom asked.Tom asked_ to play football.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.He said _his homework.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.Tom said_ back.6.She asked me:“Whats wrong with you?”She asked me_with me.where they stoppedwhat you will speakif/whether they liked(that)he was doing(that)he would comewhat was wrong注注:whats wrong with sb.及及 whats the matter with sb.,语序不变语序不变.第15页7.“Dont play in the streets,”the teacher said to the boy.8.“When and where will the concert be held?”I wondered.9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Will they go to Beijing?”They havent decided.11.“When should we start?”Do you know?The teacher told the boy not to play in the streets.I wondered when and where the concert would be held.Would you tell me why the train is late?Do you know when we should start?Do you know when to start?疑问词疑问词+主语主语+谓语谓语疑问词疑问词+to+v.(不定式不定式)作为宾语作为宾语,成为简单句成为简单句.They havent decided if/whether they will go to Beijing.第16页1.He hasnt decided which seat he should take.2.He hasnt decided_.3.2.I really dont know where I can find my lost key.4.3.Can the computer tell us what we should do next?5.4.Can you tell me when to start?6.Can you tell me _?7.5.I cant decide which one to choose.which seat to takeI really dont know where to find my lost key.Can the computer tell us what to do next?when we will startI cant decide which one I should choose.宾语从句宾语从句疑问词疑问词+to do第17页1.确定连接词确定连接词(依据从句句式依据从句句式)2.确定从句语序确定从句语序(把从句变成陈说句把从句变成陈说句,即即主谓主谓次序次序)3.确定从句时态确定从句时态(依据主句时态依据主句时态)（四）总结：怎样改写宾语从句（四）总结：怎样改写宾语从句第18页第三、宾语从句特殊情况（一）连词（一）连词that不能省略几个情况不能省略几个情况;1.从句主语是从句主语是that。如：。如：He says that that is a real kings hat.2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：从句中含有主从复合句。如：Im afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：主、从句之间有插入语时。如：It says here,on this card,that it was used in plays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用。卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用。4.若出现两个或两上以上由若出现两个或两上以上由that引导宾语从句，且由并列连词引导宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连接时，只有第一个连词that能够省略。如：能够省略。如：She said(that)she would come and that she would also bring her son.第19页（二）、（二）、If 和和whether 使用方法区分使用方法区分注：注：if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，普讲，普通情况下，二者没有区分，能够换用。但通情况下，二者没有区分，能够换用。但if惯用于口语惯用于口语中，中，whether比较正式。比较正式。但二者在以下几个情况下不能换用：但二者在以下几个情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.这是否对，我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。2.宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如：I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow.第20页3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：。如：She cant decide whether to go to America.4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如：I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.第21页5.宾语从句谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如：Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow.6.if意为意为“假如，假如假如，假如”时，能够引导条件状时，能够引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个使用方法。如：没有这个使用方法。如：If Simon comes here tomorrow,Ill call you.第22页第四、宾语从句第四、宾语从句否定转移否定转移：v假如主句谓语动词是假如主句谓语动词是 think,believe,guess,suppose 等，而且主句主语又是等，而且主句主语又是第一人称时，它后面接宾语从句否定词通第一人称时，它后面接宾语从句否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中动词，常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中动词，而从句用必定形式而从句用必定形式v即：即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。在从句。v另外，这类宾语从句反意疑问句也比较特另外，这类宾语从句反意疑问句也比较特殊，请同学们自己总结。殊，请同学们自己总结。第23页 Translate the following sentences.1.我认为不会下雨我认为不会下雨 I _ that it _.2.我认为你答案不对我认为你答案不对.I _your answer right.我们相信他还没走我们相信他还没走.We _ that he _.第24页第五、宾语从句转化为简单句第五、宾语从句转化为简单句1.由特殊疑问句引导宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致能够由特殊疑问句引导宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致能够转化成转化成“特殊疑问句特殊疑问句+to do”.如如(请总结常见这一句型中动请总结常见这一句型中动词词)I dont know how I can learn English well._He wonder when he should attend the meeting._第25页 2.当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree等词时，宾等词时，宾语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为V.+to do结构。如：结构。如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him._3.当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是tell,order（命令）等时，假如主句和（命令）等时，假如主句和从句主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为从句主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为 v.+sb.to do结构。结构。比如：比如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.The headmaster ordered us to start at once.My mother told me that I couldnt go out._第26页v4.动词动词see,hear,find等词后面宾语从句可转化为等词后面宾语从句可转化为“v+sb.doing结构。比如：结构。比如：vLiu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.Liu Ping found a vwallet lying on the ground.vI heard that a bird was singing in the tree._v5.动词动词seem后宾语从句，也能够用不定式（短语）后宾语从句，也能够用不定式（短语）来简化来简化.v It seems that he is unhappy.He seems to be unhappy.v It seemed that the boys were going to win.The boys seemed to win.第27页v6.动词动词find后宾语从句，也能够转化为简单后宾语从句，也能够转化为简单句句v I found that it was difficult to learn English well._v They found that the box was very heavy._第28页