宾语从句讲解市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

宾宾 语语 从从 句句 Grammar第1页1.I know him.2.I know who he is.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句引导词引导词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）第2页宾语能够放在及物动词，形容词sorry,sure,afraid,glad 等，介词(worry about,think about,find out等)后vIm sorry(that)I dont know.vWere sure(that)our team will win.vIm afraid(that)I wont pass the exam.vThey found out who broke the windows.v Im thinking about who can win the match.第3页宾语从句宾语从句 1.定义：用作宾语从句叫宾语从句。定义：用作宾语从句叫宾语从句。2.组成：主句组成：主句+引导词引导词+简单句简单句 （主语（主语+谓语）谓语）3 引导宾语从句引导词有三类：引导宾语从句引导词有三类：(1)隶属连词隶属连词that。如：。如：第4页一、引导词一、引导词 1.当宾语从句是由陈说句改变而来，当宾语从句是由陈说句改变而来，由由that引引导导，that在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成份份，没没 有详细含义，能够省略。有详细含义，能够省略。He is a clever boy.I think.I think(that)he is a clever boy.Do you know?The famous singer will come to Yantai.Do you know that the famous singer will come to Yantai?第5页2.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是普普通通疑疑问问句句时时，由由whether或或if引引导导，翻译成：翻译成：“是否是否”，不能省略。语序为陈说语序。，不能省略。语序为陈说语序。She asked me if/whether the boy could draw a horse.Lily wanted to know.Does her grandma like the Does her grandma like the dog?dog?Lily wanted to know if/whether her grandma liked the dog.She asked me.Can the boy draw a horse?第6页if&whether “是否是否”引导宾语从句引导宾语从句以下情况以下情况4种情况只用种情况只用whether不用不用if 1.与不定式与不定式 to do 连用，只用连用，只用whether to do I dont know whether to stay at home.2.作介词宾语作介词宾语 The old man is worried about whether they can find out the thief.第7页3.Whether引导从句放在句首时引导从句放在句首时 Whether we can arrive there on time,I am not sure.4.whether.or not 固定结构固定结构 I dont know whether he likes the house or not.I want to know whether we can go skating on Saturday or on Sunday.第8页3.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，由由疑疑问问代代词词代代词词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或或疑疑问问副副词词（when,where,how,why）引引导导，这这些些疑疑问问词词本本身身在在从从句句中中做做一一定定成成份份不不能能够够省省略略，语语序序用用陈陈说说语序。语序。What do you want to say?I can think.I can think what you want to say.I dont remember.When did they arrive?I dont remember when we arrived.第10页Do you know when the plane will leave?I asked him.How can I get so much money?I asked him how I could get so much money.Do you know?When will the plane leave?第11页以下句子改为宾语从句时语序不变。以下句子改为宾语从句时语序不变。Whats the matter?What s wrong?What happened to you?Whats happening?Who teaches you English?第12页4.带带how词组词组how many,how much,how soon,how how many,how much,how soon,how long,how often long,how often 等等等等也都能够引导宾语从句也都能够引导宾语从句vCould you tell us Could you tell us how oftenhow often you go to see your grandma?you go to see your grandma?vCould you tell us Could you tell us how longhow long the meeting will last?the meeting will last?vI dont know I dont know how farhow far it is to the cinema.it is to the cinema.vPlease tell us Please tell us how manyhow many students students there arethere are in in your school?your school?vCan you tell us Can you tell us how oldhow old his brother ishis brother is?vPlease tell us Please tell us how soonhow soon you will come back!you will come back!vCould you tell us Could you tell us how muchhow much the picture costs?the picture costs?第13页二、时态二、时态1.1.假如主句是普通现在时，普通未来时，假如主句是普通现在时，普通未来时，2.2.祈使句时，从句时态可依据实际情况而定。祈使句时，从句时态可依据实际情况而定。vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago.vI know that he will come tomorrow.第14页2.假假如如主主句句是是过过去去时时，从从句句时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应过过去去某某种种时时态态（包包含含普普通通过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时，过去未来时）过去未来时）vI knew who lived here.vI saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.第15页3.3.当当从从句句是是客客观观真真理理，自自然然现现象象，谚谚语语，名言警句时用普通现在时。名言警句时用普通现在时。vThe teacher said that the sun travels around the earth.vThe teacher said that there are 7 days a week.vHe told me that light travels faster than sound.第16页三：宾语从句语序三：宾语从句语序(陈说语序陈说语序)：主句主句+引导词引导词+主语主语+谓语谓语 宾语从句第17页1.When will he go to the library?His brother asks when he will go to the library.His brother asks when will he go to the library.2.What does he want to buy?I dont know what he wants to buy.I dont know what does he want to buy.3.Who are we going to meet?Can you tell me who we are going to meet?Can you tell me who are we going to meet?第18页四、标点宾语从句标点由主句决定。主句标宾语从句标点由主句决定。主句标点是句号，则整个句子句末标点是点是句号，则整个句子句末标点是句号。主句标点是问号，则整句话句号。主句标点是问号，则整句话标点是问号。标点是问号。Do you know when the plane will leave?Do you know?When will the plane leave?He asks if I like playing the piano.第19页五.人称I will go to Shanghai.She says.Mom asked me.Are you happy?The teacher asked.When will Xiaolei come back？She says that she will go to Shanghai.Mom asked me if I was happy.The teacher asked when Xiaolei would come back.（一主，二宾，三不变。）（一主，二宾，三不变。）第20页变宾语从句四步骤：1.确定引导词确定引导词2.改变人称改变人称3.调整语序，时态调整语序，时态4.标点符号标点符号第21页宾语从句注宾语从句注意事项意事项第22页当宾语从句是由祈使句转换来时，通常把say to 变为tell sb.to do或ask sb.to do.否定祈使句则变为tell sb.not to do或ask sb.not to doThe teacher said to us.Keep quiet!Mom said.Dont be late!The teacher asked us to keep quiet.Mom asked us not to be late.第23页1Could/Would you please.是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，所所以以宾宾语语从从句句时时态态依依据据实际情况用不一样时态。实际情况用不一样时态。vCould you tell me?Where we can go?vCould you tell me?Which one do I have to choose?vWould you like to know?When will he come back?第24页2.2.否定前移否定前移 I think I think/believe believe 等动词等动词后宾语从句假如是否定，要将后宾语从句假如是否定，要将not not 移到主句移到主句谓语动词上谓语动词上1.He wont come here.I think.2.I believe.He wasnt a thief.I dont think he will come here.I dont think he will come here,will he?I dont believe he was a thief.I dont believe he was a thief,was he?第25页3.宾语从句特殊语序宾语从句特殊语序 主句是主句是 Do you think/believe/suppose.宾语从句是由宾语从句是由特殊疑问词特殊疑问词引导，要用：引导，要用：疑问词疑问词+do you think/believe/suppose +陈说语序陈说语序 第26页1).What happened to him?Do you think?2).Do you think?What Sally will be in 10 years?3).Do you think?Who can help you?What do you think happened to him?What do you think Sally will be in 10 years?Who do you think is the cleverest student?第27页4.4.宾语从句简化宾语从句简化（宾语从句转化为简单句）（宾语从句转化为简单句）第28页（1）当）当hope，decide,agree等后面有宾等后面有宾语从句时，假如语从句时，假如两个主语一致两个主语一致，能够简化为，能够简化为 hope to do,decide to do,agree to doMom hopes that she can come back soon.They decided that they would visit Xiamen.He agrees that he can help John with Chinese.Mom hopes to come back soon.They decided to visit Xiamen.He agrees to help John with Chinese.第29页(2)teach,tell,show+疑问词疑问词+宾语从宾语从句句从句主语与主句宾语从句主语与主句宾语一致一致可简化为可简化为 疑问词疑问词+to do Can you tell me?How can I get to the airport?Could you teach me?How can I use the machine?Can you tell me?What Should I do?Can you tell me how to get to the airport?Could you teach how to use the machine?Can you tell me what to do?第30页疑问词疑问词+宾语从句宾语从句 疑问词词疑问词词+to do+to dovI dont know what I should do next.I dont know what to do next.vShe didnt decide which one she would choose.She didnt decide which one to choose.vI wonder if I will leave for Shanghai.I wonder whether to leave for Shanghai.第31页5.I find/think/feel+it+形容词形容词+to do.I find/think/feel+it+形容词形容词+that 从句从句.I find it interesting to play with him.(改为复改为复合句合句)I thought it easy to work out the problem.I find it is interesting to play with him.I thought it was easy to work out the problem.第32页Sb.seem to do=It seems that sb.do Sb.seemed to do=It seemed that sb.didHe seems to tell a lie.It seemed that he was tired.It seems that he tells a lie.He seemed to be tired.6.第33页(1)Do you know if _back next week?If he _ back,please let me know.A.he comes,will come B.will he come,comes C.he will come,comes D.he will come,will come 6.连词连词 if 和和 when 在不一样从句中区分：在不一样从句中区分：C(2)I dont know when he _(come).I cant wait here any more.When he _(come),would you please ask him to call me?will comecomes第34页if 假如，条件状语；when 当.时，时间状语 无未来（主将从现）if 是否，when 何时 宾语从句 各种时态有第35页1.When will he go to the library?His brother asks 2.What does he want to buy?I didnt know3.Who are we going to meet?Can you tell mewhen he will go to the library.what he wanted to buy.who we are going to meet?第36页1.When does the train arrive?Please tell me.2.Please tell me _ _ _ _.2.What does he do?Do you know?Do you know _ he _?3.Do they want fried chicken?He asked the boys.He asked the boys _ they _fried chicken.4.Was the watch made in Shanghai?I dont know.I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.第37页5.Could you show me _?A.how can I get to the station B.where is the station C.how I could get to the station D.how I can reach the station6.Please tell me _.A.what does he like B.what he does like C.what he likes D.what he like7.My sister told him _.A.what day was it B.when the train arrived C.who she was waiting D.where did you liveCBD第39页8.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is they B.who he be C.who it is 9.Could you tell me how long _?A.did you run B.you ran 10.He says that if it _ tomorrow,he _ fishing.A.will rain,wont go B.rained,wasnt go C.rains,wont go D.rain,will go BCC第40页Thank you!Thank you!第41页