状语从句市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

第1页状语时用来修饰状语时用来修饰 词词，词词，词词或或 一个句子成份。它能够表示时间、地点、一个句子成份。它能够表示时间、地点、原因、目标、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。原因、目标、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从当充当状语部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。句。分类以下：分类以下：动动形容形容副副句子句子第2页状语从句状语从句1.时间时间状语从句状语从句2.地点地点状语从句状语从句3.原因原因状语从句状语从句4.条件条件状语从句状语从句5.让步让步状语从句状语从句6.目状语从句7.结果结果状语从句状语从句8.方式方式状语从句状语从句9.比较比较状语从句状语从句第3页引导词可分为两部分引导词可分为两部分aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/timethemomenttheminute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一一就就)第4页 as引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句,能够表示能够表示“正当正当”，“一一 边边一边一边”，“伴随伴随”等意等意思。思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事马上发生。表示某事一发生，另一事马上发生。As the sun rose,the fog disappeared.2.表示在某事发生过程中，另一事发生。表示在某事发生过程中，另一事发生。Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。表示两个动作同时发生。Helen sang a song as she washed.4.表示表示“伴随伴随.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为结果，常指一个行为是另一个行为结果，或一个状态随另一个状态改变。句中动词多表示状态发或一个状态随另一个状态改变。句中动词多表示状态发展改变。展改变。As she grew older,she became more beautiful.1.as,while,when区分区分第5页while:连续性动词连续性动词进行时进行时普通或现在情况普通或现在情况未来情况未来情况V普通现在时或现在进行时普通现在时或现在进行时过去情况过去情况e.g.I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.e.g.Im going to the post office.-While you are there,can you get some stamps for me?e.g.I hurt my should while I was doing gym.第6页While I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend.(while=_)While I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_)While there is life there is hope.(while=_)He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.whenalthough as long asWhile 在句中不一样含义在句中不一样含义:第7页when:连续性非连续性动词都可连续性非连续性动词都可当当时时正在正在突然突然e.g.When I first saw her,I fell in love with her.-When did you get home?-It was eight oclock when I got home.1)They were walking down the street when they saw an accident.2)I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.第8页尽管即使鉴于假如到时尽管即使鉴于假如到时e.g.He walks when he might take a taxi.The Queen will visit the town in May,when she will open the new hospital.How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here?即使即使到时到时假如假如鉴于鉴于,既然既然 when 还有一些较为灵活翻译还有一些较为灵活翻译:第9页before引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 before引导时间状语从句，常译为引导时间状语从句，常译为“在在之前之前”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.很快你就会为你所作所为后悔。很快你就会为你所作所为后悔。after引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 after引导时间状语从句，常译为引导时间状语从句，常译为“在在之后之后”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。After you use plastic bags,you mustnt throw them about.用过了塑料袋之后，不准处处乱扔。用过了塑料袋之后，不准处处乱扔。第10页since引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 since引导时间状语从句，常译为引导时间状语从句，常译为“自从自从”，主句惯用现在完成时，从句惯用普通过去时。主句惯用现在完成时，从句惯用普通过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted.惯用句型：惯用句型：It has been(is)+时间段时间段+since从句从句 “自从自从有多长时间了有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been(is)six years since she graduated from the university.第11页until/till引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 until/till 引导时间状语从句，常译为引导时间状语从句，常译为“直到直到时时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。表示主句动作发生在从句之前。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句惯用必定形式。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句惯用必定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。Ill stay here until you come back.当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句惯用否定形式。主句惯用否定形式。not until“直到直到才才”，这时，这时until 可用可用before替替换。换。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。第12页assoonas引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 as soon as 引导时间状语从句，译为引导时间状语从句，译为“一一就就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句动作马上就发生。表示从句动作一发生，主句动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.相当于相当于as soon as 使用方法词或短语还有：使用方法词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant等等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.Directly I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake.第13页名词短语名词短语引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 the moment,the minute,the instant,the time,the hour,the day,by the time,each time,every time,next time,any time等等也能够引导时间状语从句。也能够引导时间状语从句。I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.By the time you arrived,the lecture had already ended.By the time he comes,we will already have left.第14页1.When every time I was in trouble,he wouldcometohelpme.2.At next time you come,do remember bringyoursonhere.3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：语法规则：every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句名词短语引导时间状语从句第15页其它连词其它连词引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句 no sooner than,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen引导引导时间状语从句时间状语从句,从句用普通过去时，主句用过去完成时。从句用普通过去时，主句用过去完成时。当当no sooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。用部分倒装。I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off.No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。第16页1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A.while B.after C.in case D.the minute2.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A.when B.until C.before D.since3._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.since C.As D.While4.He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A.why B.where C.when D.while第17页地点状语从句用连接副词地点状语从句用连接副词 where或或wherever(在任何地方在任何地方)引导。引导。e.g.a.Just stay where you are.b.Where there is a will,there is a way.c.You can sit wherever you like.d.Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.1.When he reads a book,his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A.there B.wherever C.the place D.in which第18页原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中某一动作或状态所发表示主句中某一动作或状态所发生原因。引导这种从句生原因。引导这种从句 惯用连接词是：惯用连接词是：because,as,since,now that,for,和和considering that,seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但但在语气上一个比一个弱。在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f.He might be ill,for he didnt come to school.表示表示“直接直接”原因。原因。表示表示“间接推断间接推断”原因原因.不可出现在句首。不可出现在句首。第19页because,since,as,for区分区分:because直接原因，非推断语气最强直接原因，非推断语气最强 回答回答why问题。问题。since 通常放句首译为通常放句首译为“既然既然”as 不谈自明原因不谈自明原因，语气最弱。，语气最弱。for 放句中，引导后半句表原因放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推或补充推断断 理由理由。第20页1.I danced in front of the people _ I liked it.2.Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of walking.3._ he was not well,I decided to go without him.4._ everybody know about it,I dont want to talk any more.5.He must be ill,_ he is absent Today.6.Some people believe that _ oil is running out,the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince第21页 条件状语从句表示主句中某一动作或状态是条件状语从句表示主句中某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生。条件状语从句中通在什么情况或条件下发生。条件状语从句中通惯用普通现在时表示未来。惯用普通现在时表示未来。条件状语从句由隶属连词引导：条件状语从句由隶属连词引导：if,unless (除非除非),as/so long as(只要只要),on condition(只要只要),once(一旦一旦),in case(假使假使),providing/provided(that)等等。e.g.a.Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b.We should serve the people as/so long as we live.第22页1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.A.as soon as B.as far asC.as long as D.as well as2.In time of serious accidents,_ we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.A.whether B.untilC.if D.unless3._ you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When第23页 _ you touch an English person,you should say“sorry”._ they are dirty,certain seas are not able to clean themselves._ we dont lose heart,well find a way to overcome the difficulty.You can be allowed to play the game _you finish your homework first.Dont touch anything _ your teacher tells you to.IfOnceAs long ason condition thatunless第24页 在复合句中表示让步概念状语从句被称为让步状语在复合句中表示让步概念状语从句被称为让步状语从句。惯用引导词：从句。惯用引导词：though,although,even if,even though,no matter+疑问词疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑问词疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引导词：特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(普通用在句首普通用在句首)，whether or,whether()or not第25页though,although 判断以下句子是否正确：判断以下句子是否正确：Although he is rich,but he is not happy.Although he is rich,yet he is not happy.Although we have grown up,our parents still treat us as children.关键点归纳：关键点归纳：though,although当当“即使即使”讲讲,都不能和都不能和 but 连用连用.不过他们都能够同不过他们都能够同yet(still)连用连用.ever if,even thougheven if 和和 even though 表示表示“”即使即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.第26页as引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句 as 引导让步状语从句，必须将从句中引导让步状语从句，必须将从句中 、以及谓语中以及谓语中 提前至从句句首，作表语单数提前至从句句首，作表语单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需 。表语表语状语状语实意动词实意动词省略省略Though he works hard,he makes little progress.Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do.Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.Though you may object,Ill go.Object as you may,Ill go.第27页whether or,whether()or notwhether or,whether or not 表示表示“不论是否不论是否”，“不论是不论是还是还是”。其引导从句意在说明正反两。其引导从句意在说明正反两方面可能性都不会影响主句意向或结果。方面可能性都不会影响主句意向或结果。Whether you believe it or not,it is true.Youll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy.while 也能够引导让步状语从句，意为也能够引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管尽管”，语气比，语气比though/although弱。其引导从句普通位于弱。其引导从句普通位于 。句首句首例句：我尽管喜欢它颜色，但不喜欢它形状。例句：我尽管喜欢它颜色，但不喜欢它形状。While I like its color,I dont like its shape.第28页no matter+疑问词疑问词 疑问词疑问词-everNo matter what happened,he would not mind.Whatever happened,he would not mind.替换：替换：no matter what=whatever no matter who=whoever no matter when=whenever no matter where=wherever no matter which=whichever no matter how=however 判断正误：判断正误：No matter what you say is of no use now.Whatever you say is of no use now.归纳：归纳：no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而而“疑问词疑问词+ever”则能够则能够 第29页1._ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.since C.Before D.Unless2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have risen.A.as long as B.even though C.now that D.as though3.I really want the match,however much _.A.does it cost B.costs it C.will it cost D.it costs第30页4._ we have finished the course,we shall start doing more revision work.A.For now B.Now that C.By now D.until5._,the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A.Wanting the job very much B.Although wanting the job badly C.Though he wanted the job very much D.He wanted the job badly第31页引导目标状语从句连词引导目标状语从句连词:in order that 用于正式文体中，所引从用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。句可于主句前或后。so thata.较惯用，普通用于主句后较惯用，普通用于主句后,有时有时可分开，可分开，so 有时可省有时可省;从句中从句中要有要有情态动词情态动词,不然不然,就成为下一个句就成为下一个句型：型：b.无无情态动词则引导情态动词则引导结果状语结果状语从句。从句。for fear that;in case;lest(以免以免)等。等。第32页e.g.a.Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better.b.I shall write it down lest I should forget.注意：注意：当从句与主句主语一致时，可用当从句与主句主语一致时，可用 so as to do 或或 in order to do e.g.He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock.He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.第33页结果结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由状语从句常位于主句之后，由 so,so that,such that;so that 等引导。等引导。a.So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him.b.The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.c.She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.d.He got to the station finally,only to find the train had left.第34页描述主句动作进行方式状语被称为方式状描述主句动作进行方式状语被称为方式状语。通惯用以下词语引导语。通惯用以下词语引导:as,just as,as if,as though,the way(that),in the way(that)等。等。a.We must do as the Party tells us.b.Leave the things as they are.c.Most plants need sunlight just as they need water.d.It sounds as if it is raining.e.They did it in a way that I had never seen before.他们以我从没见过方式行事。他们以我从没见过方式行事。f.As water is to fish,so air is to man.我们离不开空气，如同鱼儿离不开水我们离不开空气，如同鱼儿离不开水第35页比较状语从句常由以下词语引导：比较状语从句常由以下词语引导：as as,not so/as as,morethan,less than,the more+adj./adv.,the more+adj./adv.a.He is not so/as healthy as his brother.b.They jumped up and down as hard as they could.c.John is less clever than Peter.d.The busier he is,the happier he feels.e.The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.f.Send for a doctor as soon as(it is)possible.第36页1.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A.because B.so that C.even if D.as2.If things are left _ they are,the problems will never be settled,Im afraid.A.how B.as C.what D.where3.Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed.A.like B.so C.which D.as4.I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.A.in case of B.for fear of C.in order that D.for fear that第37页注意区分不一样从句：引导是什么从句，不但要注意区分不一样从句：引导是什么从句，不但要依据连词，还要依据依据连词，还要依据句子结构和句意句子结构和句意来判别。以来判别。以where和和as为例，能引导各种从句。为例，能引导各种从句。1.Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.（地点（地点状语从句）状语从句）2.Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）（定语从句，句中有先行词）3.Idontknowwherehecamefrom.（宾语（宾语从句）从句）4.Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.（主语从句）（主语从句）5.Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.（表语从句）（表语从句）第38页“as”用于不一样状语从句中用于不一样状语从句中1.She sang as she worked.2.Smart as he is,he doesnt study hard.3.You must try to do as I did.4.She doesnt do her work as carefully as I.5.As she was late for class,she had to say sorry.第39页部分状语从句可用省略形式：部分状语从句可用省略形式：even if,if,once,while,though,unless,when,as if etc.1.Theflowerhisfriendsgavehimwilldieunless(itis)wateredeveryday.2.Even if(I am)invited,I wont go there.3.Once(you are)caught sleeping in class,youll be punished by your head-teacher.4.Though(he was)surprised to see us,he gave us a warm welcome.5.She wont speak to anyone unless(she is)asked to.6.When(it is)compared with the old one,our new house is really like a palace.7.These young man volunteered to go wherever(they are)needed.第40页