新编英语教程5unit3教学课件市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

Unit ThreeTEXT I My Friend,Albert EinsteinI.Pre-reading QuestionsThis is an open question.第1页III.Library Work1.Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart(1756 1791),Austrian composer,one of the worlds great musical geniuses,wrote masterpieces in every branch of music.During his short life,Mozart composed a great volume of music.His 789 compositions include operas,symphonies,concertos,quartets for the piano and for stringed instruments,and sonatas for both piano and violin.His music has delicate beauty and is always fresh and pleasing to the ear.第2页III.Library Work2.Ludwig van Beethoven(1770 1827),German composer,was one of musics greatest geniuses.His works have a rare originality,emotional depth,and expressive power.He was known for his nine symphonies,piano concertos and sonatas,and string quartets.Most of Beethovens compositions were written in the classical forms established by his predecessors Mozart and Haydn,so he is sometimes considered the last great composer in the classical tradition.But he also remolded and第3页III.Library Work expanded the old forms and infused them with a highly personal intensity of emotion,so he is also referred to as the first of the Romantics.第4页III.Library Work3.the Nobel Prize:Alfred Bernhard Nobel(1833 1896),a distinguished Swedish chemist and industrialist,provided for the award of the Nobel Prizes.He experimented with different kinds of explosives such a nitroglycerin（硝化（硝化甘油）甘油）and dynamite（达纳炸药，氨爆炸药）（达纳炸药，氨爆炸药）,both deadly explosives.However,he was a pacifist and he feared that his inventions might further warfare.In his will he left about$9,000,000 in a fund to reward those who did第5页III.Library Work most for their fellow men in science,literature,and peace.In his will,he specified that the interest accrued by the fund“be annually distributed in the form of prizes to those who during the preceding year,shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind”in the field of physics,chemistry,physiology or medicine,literature,and peace,regardless of nationality.第6页III.Library Work4.the Nazis:Nazism is a political doctrine of racial supremacy,nationalism,and dictatorship.Nazi is an abbreviated form of the German words for National Socialism.It was Adolf Hitler,a member of National Socialist German Workers Party,who developed the program for Nazism in his book Mein Kampf(1925 1927 My Battle).He defined the Germanic people as a race,called Aryans,superior to other races.He blamed Germanys第7页III.Library Work troubles on Jewish capitalism,Communism,and the heavy reparation payments（战争赔款）（战争赔款）Germany was required to make to the victorious Allies by the Treaty of Versailles(June 28,1919)that ended the First World War.第8页IV.Organization of the Text1.Paragraph 1 Einsteins simplicity2.Paragraphs 2 4 his modesty3.Paragraph 5 7 the growth of a genius4.Paragraphs 8 11 concentration on work第9页IV.Organization of the Text5.Paragraphs 12 13 love of natural simplicity6.Paragraphs 14 15 academic courage7.Paragraphs 16-17 a man untouched by the turmoil of everyday life but upset by political events8.Paragraph 18 sense of justice第10页IV.Organization of the Text9.Paragraph 19 youthful innocence10.Paragraph 20 a man on a ceaseless search for cosmic simplicity第11页V.Key Points of the TextParagraph 1convey:make known(ideas,views,feelings,etc.)to another person.E.g.:Mary asked me to convey her gratitude to you.His recent book conveys to us his outlook on life.Convey also means“carry something(from one place to another)”.E.g.:Pipes convey heat from the central heating system to every part of the building.第12页Paragraph 1 A conveyor belt（传送带）（传送带）is a mechanical contrivance for carrying heavy articles of goods from one place to another.simplicity:the state of being simple 简单；简单；简单；简单；纯朴；真诚；坦率纯朴；真诚；坦率E.g.:a room furnished with simplicity 摆设简单房摆设简单房间间 Her clothes were characterized by their simplicity and good taste.她衣着特点是朴素大方。她衣着特点是朴素大方。第13页Paragraph 1 He dressed with elegant simplicity.他穿着朴素他穿着朴素高雅。高雅。He believes everything with childlike simplicity.他像孩子一样单纯，对一切信认为真。他像孩子一样单纯，对一切信认为真。speak with simplicity 说话坦诚说话坦诚catch:attack;entrapE.g.:The wind caught the sails.风吹袭帆篷。风吹袭帆篷。We got caught in a downpour.我们被大雨淋着我们被大雨淋着了。了。第14页Paragraph 1 Sorrow caught the bereaved mother.丧子母亲悲丧子母亲悲不自胜。不自胜。would be none the worse for its wetting:would not be harmed by its being wetnone the worse for:not harmed by;not adversely affected by 并不更差；依然如故并不更差；依然如故E.g.:Hes none the worse for his fall from the window.他从窗口掉下，结果并没有怎么样。他从窗口掉下，结果并没有怎么样。I like a man none the worse for being outspoken.我并不因一个人直言不讳而讨厌他。我并不因一个人直言不讳而讨厌他。第15页Paragraph 1 think none the worse of somebody 依然看重某人依然看重某人 He got lost in the street for quite a while,but was none the worse for it.knack:a special skill or ability,usually the result of practiceE.g.:She has a knack of doing sums in her head,however complicated they may be.a knack for versification 做诗技巧做诗技巧a knack of the trade 做买卖诀窍做买卖诀窍第16页Paragraph 1 Verne had a happy knack of combining adventure with science.凡尔纳有一个把冒险和凡尔纳有一个把冒险和科学结合起来巧妙本事。科学结合起来巧妙本事。In Hoffmanns opinion“simplicity”is the best word to describe the essence of Einsteins character.The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a phrase in the first paragraph.Which is it?SA:Knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter.第17页Paragraph 1This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveries-this and his extraordinary feeling for beauty:This unusual ability of his to perceive beauty,this natural ability of grasping the nature of a matter was the key to his many important scientific discoveries.第18页Paragraph 2carte blanche:(French)(plural:cartes blanches)full freedom,especially in politics and in spending money 签好字空白纸；全权，签好字空白纸；全权，自由处理权自由处理权E.g.:He was given carte blanche to build,landscape,and furnish the house.那幢房子建造，那幢房子建造，庭院布置和装饰完全委托给他了。庭院布置和装饰完全委托给他了。He refused carte blanche for the bombers.他拒他拒绝授予轰炸机自由选择轰炸目标权力。绝授予轰炸机自由选择轰炸目标权力。The king gave his minister carte blanche in第19页Paragraph 2foreign affairs.plead with:ask(someone)very strongly in a begging way 哀求；请求哀求；请求E.g.:The girl pleaded with her parents to let her go to school by herself.plead(with somebody)for forgiveness(ones life)请求（某人）原谅（饶命）请求（某人）原谅（饶命）She pleaded with me to give up the plan.她求我她求我放弃这个计划。放弃这个计划。第20页Paragraph 3be in awe of:also stand in awe of,have respect as well as fear and reverence for 敬畏（某人）敬畏（某人）awe n.:the feeling of respect and amazement when one is faced with something wonderful,frightening,or completely unknownE.g.:He visited the exhibition and stood in awe of the fossils of prehistoric animals.The audience listened to the learned philosopher in awe.第21页Paragraph 3awe v.:cause a feeling of amazement or fearE.g.:The magicians performance awed us all.awed adj.:overwhelmed by respect and fear 敬畏敬畏in tones of awed amazement:with voice qualities that showed amazement as well as respect and fear 用敬畏用敬畏诧异语气诧异语气approach:to speak to,especially about something for the first time 找找商议，同商议，同接洽，同接洽，同联络联络E.g.:Did he approach you about lending him some money?他同你谈过想借些钱事吗？他同你谈过想借些钱事吗？第22页Paragraph 3 He is rather difficult to approach.他这人极难靠他这人极难靠近。（指不好说话等）近。（指不好说话等）inflection:a movement up or down of the voice;intonationE.g.:A sentence that asks a question usually ends on a rising inflection.awry:not in the correct position or shape;twisted;bent 曲；歪；斜曲；歪；斜 not as planned or intended;in a wrong manner 离开了预期（或离开了预期（或正确）方向（）；错（）正确）方向（）；错（）第23页Paragraph 3E.g.:glance awry 斜视斜视 go(run,tread)awry（人）背离正道，走向邪（人）背离正道，走向邪路路set somebody at ease:also put somebody at(his)ease,to free someone from worry or nervousness 使使不拘束，使不拘束，使自在自在E.g.:The examiner soon put(set)the candidates at ease.主考官很快就使考生们情绪放松了。主考官很快就使考生们情绪放松了。第24页Paragraph 4the staggering-and altogether endearing request:the surprising and shocking,almost unbelievable,and yet very pleasant and affectionate requeststagger v.:cause shocked disbelief 使使吃惊吃惊E.g.:His excessive conceit and self-confidence staggered all his colleagues.a risk-taking boldness that staggers others 使他人吃惊大使他人吃惊大胆冒险行为胆冒险行为 Its a fantastic task that staggers the imagination.那是件那是件令人难以想象艰巨伟大工作。令人难以想象艰巨伟大工作。第25页Paragraph 4endearing adj.:causing feelings of love and affection 使人喜爱；引人喜爱使人喜爱；引人喜爱E.g.:Marks teacher answered his questions with an endearing smile.endearing qualities 使人喜爱品质使人喜爱品质 endearing tones 充满柔情声调充满柔情声调vestige:a trace of something that is disappearing or no longer existsE.g.:With the overthrow of the monarchy,all vestiges of feudalism are gone.第26页Paragraph 4From the two anecdotes related in Paragraphs 2 4,what impression of Einstein have you got?SA:We can see Einstein was a very modest man though he was such a distinguished scientist.第27页Paragraph 5run abreast of:also run abreast with,to run side by side withkeep/be abreast of:to know all the time the most recent facts about something non-material 使不使不落后于落后于E.g.:Read the papers if you want to keep abreast of the times.假如想跟得上时代就得读报纸。假如想跟得上时代就得读报纸。Even this arrangement did not keep wages abreast of the rising living cost.即使这么安排也即使这么安排也不能使工资水平跟上日益上涨生活费用。不能使工资水平跟上日益上涨生活费用。第28页Paragraph 6his genius burst into fabulous flower:his great talent results in extraordinary success;his great talent yielded an incredible resultfabulous:from“fable”,nearly unbelievable 惊人，令人难以置信惊人，令人难以置信E.g.:a fabulous fortune 一笔巨额财富一笔巨额财富 a fabulous thunderstorm 大雷雨大雷雨第29页Paragraph 7offshoot:a new stem or branch of a plant;(figuratively)a thing that is developed from something else 萌蘖枝条；枝族，旁萌蘖枝条；枝族，旁系；衍生事物系；衍生事物E.g.:South African offshoots of British companies 英国企业在南非分支机构英国企业在南非分支机构第30页Paragraph 9The intensity and depth of his concentration were fantastic.When battling a recalcitrant problem,he worried it as an animal worries its prey.He could concentrate on his work with such single-mindedness and for such long hours that it was surprising.When tackling a problem which was difficult to solve,he attacked it as an animal chases and frightens another animal it preys upon.第31页Paragraph 9recalcitrant:often used to describe a person or an 拒不服从；倔强反抗；难处理，难对付；（疾拒不服从；倔强反抗；难处理，难对付；（疾病等）难治病等）难治E.g.:a recalcitrant boy 犟男孩犟男孩 recalcitrant behavior 桀骜不驯行为桀骜不驯行为 a subject recalcitrant both to observation and to experiment 既难研察又难验证课题既难研察又难验证课题 Try not to punish a recalcitrant child severely,it is better to reason with him.第32页Paragraph 9worry:When an animal worries its prey,it shakes it,pulls at it,frightens it,or even eats it.In other words,the animal will not stop attacking its prey.Similarly,Einstein would not let go a problem unsolved,he would keep at it.up against:(American colloquial)facing(a difficulty)quaint:attractively unusual or old-fashioned 传传统而别致，奇特而有趣；古怪，奇特统而别致，奇特而有趣；古怪，奇特E.g.:a quaint little house 一座古雅小巧房子一座古雅小巧房子第33页Paragraph 9 a quaint pronunciation of English words 对于英对于英语单词古怪而有趣发音语单词古怪而有趣发音 Smoke drifted lazily from a multitude of quaint chimneys.炊烟从许多古色古香烟囱袅袅腾起。炊烟从许多古色古香烟囱袅袅腾起。a quaint old lady 古怪老太太古怪老太太 a quaint sense of duty 不合情理责任感不合情理责任感 Many quaint little cottages make the place a new tourist attraction.第34页Paragraph 9twirl:to cause to curl 捻弄；卷曲；扭转捻弄；卷曲；扭转E.g.:twirl ones moustache 拈胡子拈胡子 She twirled her hair round her fingers.她她把头发缠绕在手指上。把头发缠绕在手指上。第35页Paragraph 10A dreamy,faraway and yet inward look would come over his face.There was no appearance of concentration,no furrowing of the brow only a placid inner communion.Even when he was thinking hard on a difficult problem,Einstein would still appear to be calm and relaxed with no facial signs showing he was thinking hard-only calm and untroubled streams of thought going on in his mind.第36页Paragraph 10furrow:make deep lines or folds in the skin of the face,especially the foreheadE.g.:She looked at the examination paper with a furrowed brow(=a forehead with lines in it).placid:calm;peaceful 宁静；平静；平和；温和宁静；平静；平和；温和E.g.:a placid temper 平和性情平和性情 a placid world 平静世界平静世界第37页Paragraph 10fathom:come to understand;get the true meaning ofE.g.:He explained the astronomical phenomenon in such a complicated way that we could hardly fathom his meaning.fathom somebodys motives(mystery)搞清某人搞清某人动机动机(秘密秘密)a man hard to fathom 难以捉摸人难以捉摸人 I cant fathom what you mean.我不能完全猜透我不能完全猜透你意思。你意思。第38页Paragraph 11shake:to trouble the mind or feelings of;upset 使使心烦意乱心烦意乱;使震惊使震惊E.g.:She was badly shaken(up)by the accident.那那场事故使她烦心极了。场事故使她烦心极了。He was shaken but unhurt in the accident.在事在事故中他受了惊吓，但没有受伤。故中他受了惊吓，但没有受伤。haggard:having lines on the face and hollow places around the eyes and in the cheeks,as through tiredness or lack of sleep 憔悴，形容憔悴，形容枯槁枯槁第39页Paragraph 11I steered the discussion away from routine matters:I directed the course of our discussion away from ordinary subjectsSteer generally means“make a boat or a car go in a particular direction.”Figuratively,steer often means“direct.”E.g.:steer visitors to the park steer a conversation away from unpleasant subjects第40页Paragraph 11surcease:(archaic)cessation;pause E.g.:offer somebody peace and surcease 让某人安让某人安宁歇息宁歇息 find surcease from care 找机会散散心找机会散散心grope:try to find something by feeling with the hands in a place where one cannot see properly 触摸，暗中摸（触摸，暗中摸（for）；探索，探索（）；探索，探索（for,after）E.g.:He groped in his pocket for the note from his roommate.第41页Paragraph 11 There was a short circuit and the lights were all out.She had to grope her way to the bedroom.grope for the right words 搜寻恰当字眼搜寻恰当字眼 grope with tax reform 探索税收改革探索税收改革第42页Paragraph 11What,according to the author,is Einsteins most outstanding trait as a scientist?SA:Einsteins most outstanding trait as a scientist is his concentration on his work.Why did Einstein insist on working hard when he was so badly shaken by his wifes death?SA:Because hard work can divert his attention away from his wifes death.第43页Paragraph 12accomplished:skilled,clever;good at something,though not professional 熟练；有造诣；有才艺熟练；有造诣；有才艺E.g.:an accomplished artist 精湛艺术家精湛艺术家 an accomplished scholar 有造诣学者有造诣学者at the piano:playing the piano as(an)accompanimentE.g.:At the piano will be 由由担任钢琴伴奏。担任钢琴伴奏。第44页Paragraph 13agitate:shake(a liquid)or move(the surface of a liquid)about 搅动（液体等）；（尤指猛烈地）搅动（液体等）；（尤指猛烈地）摇动摇动wiggle:(informal)to(cause to)move in small side to side,up and down,or turning movements 扭动；摆动扭动；摆动E.g.:to wiggle ones toes They wiggle and waggle when they walk.他们走他们走起路来总是以扭一摆。起路来总是以扭一摆。第45页Paragraph 13They wiggled their hips to the sound of pop music.他们伴随流行音乐乐声扭摆着屁股。他们伴随流行音乐乐声扭摆着屁股。What revelation is made through Einsteins comment on Beethoven and Mozarts works?SA:His comment on Beethoven and Mozarts works reveals his love of natural simplicity and that a scientists duty is to“find”and reveal this inner beauty of the universe.第46页Paragraph 14plausible:seeming to be reasonable or probable.The word is often used derogatorily.（论点等（论点等)貌似有理貌似有理;(说法等说法等)貌似真实貌似真实E.g.:a plausible excuse 貌似有理借口貌似有理借口 a plausible commentator(liar)花言巧语评论员花言巧语评论员(说谎大王说谎大王)Your reasoning sounds plausible,but I rather doubt it.第47页Paragraph 14Each of these assumptions,by itself,was so plausible as to see