新编英语教程5unit2教学课件市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

Unit TwoTEXT I Beware the Dirty Seas（当心肮脏海洋）当心肮脏海洋）oI.Pre-reading Questionso1.Suggested Answer(SA):It reminds me of a text about the polluted sea and gets interested in the text and occur great concerns on me to our living environment.Every year there is a lot of sewage poured into the seas.The waste of coastal cities,industry and factories poisons,etc,cause the seas to become dirty and cause many diseases which threaten peoples lives.Meanwhile,the 第1页I.Pre-reading Questions Seas are important tour places,and the common areas of the countries along them.They play very important roles to the countries and people in the areas,if not treated properly,they will bring great trouble to human beings.第2页III.Library Work1.Water pollution is a major element of 20th-century environmental pollution.It includes the accumulation in oceans,lakes,rivers,and streams of physical,chemical,and biological substances that are either directly harmful to life or that have dangerous or harmful secondary and long-range effects.The principal sources of water pollution are sewage,industrial waste,garbage and refuse,and agricultural fertilizers,pesticides,and weed killers.The two chief reasons for the contami-nation第3页III.Library Work and exacerbation of the problem are industrialization and urbanization.Industrial wastes include dissolved minerals,toxic chemicals,and sediments.Modern industrial processes have polluted water with certain metals,such as lead and mercury,while agricultural practices do so with a variety of pesticides.第4页III.Library Work2.Treatment and control of wastes of all kinds is the only answer to water pollution problems.Pollution can be controlled by building sewer systems,sewage treatment plants,and installations to keep fertilizers and insecticides from entering the water.第5页IV.Organization of the Text1.Paragraphs 1-4 Introducing the topic:The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world(thesis statement).(1)Causes and consequences of the pollution in general.(2 4)第6页IV.Organization of the Text2.Paragraphs 5 10 First main cause-sewage Improper treatment of sewage by many Mediterranean countries.(5 7)Consequences:contamination of sea water and fish;greater likelihood of disease(8 10)第7页IV.Organization of the Text3.Paragraphs 11 13 Second main cause-industries Untreated wastes emitted from factories along the coast and from factories located far inland 第8页IV.Organization of the Text4.Paragraphs 14 15 Other causes of pollution:pesticides,detergents,fertilizers,oil,etc.5.Paragraphs 16 20 Factors that lead to the severity of the case:narrow and shallow outlet of the Strait of Gibraltar(16);第9页IV.Organization of the Text weak coastal currents and feeble tides(17);long-standing practice of dumping wastes into the seas(18);multiplication of population and increasing number of tourists(19 20)6.Paragraphs 21 22 Conclusion:Efforts being made to solve the problem第10页V.Key Points of the TextParagraph 1holiday destination:holiday resortParagraph 2waters:the water of the stated rivers,lakes,etc.E.g.:the upper waters of the Thames 泰晤士河上游泰晤士河上游 South-China Sea waters 中国南海海域中国南海海域 international waters 国际海域国际海域第11页Paragraph 2 sluices its sewage,untreated,into the sea:let out into the sea the waste materials which have not been treated and not made safe as if through a sluice（水闸）（水闸）,which is a passage for water第12页Paragraph 3 to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes:to suffer from mans misuse of his abilities(or mans abilities to destroy)and his attitude of indifference towards environmental protection fall victim to:suffer from E.g.:fall victim to a disease/an explosion/ones own avarice第13页Paragraph 3 The result is that the Mediterranean,which nurtured so many civilizations,is gravely ill-the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it:What happens is that the Mediterranean,the cradle of many ancient cultures,is seriously polluted.It is the first of the seas that has been made to suffer from a situation resulting from development mixed with an irresponsible mentality.第14页Paragraph 3 stifle:to(cause to)be unable to breathe comfortably,esp.because of heat and lack of fresh air（使）窒息；抑制（使）窒息；抑制 E.g.:be stifled with smoke被烟熏得透不过气被烟熏得透不过气来来 stifle political freedom扼杀政治自由扼杀政治自由 Shortages of basic materials stifled economic growth.基本原料匮乏抑制了经济发基本原料匮乏抑制了经济发展。展。stifle ones laughter(yawn,sobs)忍住笑忍住笑（呵欠，抽咽）（呵欠，抽咽）第15页Paragraph 3 What relationship does the author establish in Paragraph 3 between the many civilizations the Mediterranean has nurtured and its pollution?SA:The relationship between the two is that of cause and effect.Because of mans misuse of his abilities and his attitude of indifference towards environment protection,the Mediterranean,home to so many civilizations,is now in jeopardy.第16页Paragraph 4 endemic:(especially of a disease)found regularly in a particular place 地方性地方性 E.g.:This is a problem endemic to the Western world.这是西方世界普遍这是西方世界普遍存在一个问题。存在一个问题。an endemic species 特有物种特有物种 endemic folkways 当地风俗当地风俗第17页Paragraph 5 litany:a form of prayer for use in church services,recited by a priest with responses from the congregation,i.e.,people attending a church service 应答连祷应答连祷 Here,litany is used in its transferred meaning,referring to the frequent outbreaks of disease.E.g.:commit a litany of crimes 犯一系列罪犯一系列罪 the mournful litany of disease:the deplorable/appalling/dreadful repetitive occurrences of disease第18页Paragraph 5 What is more,most cities just drop it in straight off the beach;rare indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv which pipe it even half a mile offshore:Further,while the places such as Cannes and Tel Aviv dispose of their wastes through a pipe stretching out only half a mile from the shore,most cities do not even bother to do that but simply dump their sewage directly into the sea along the coastline.第19页Paragraph 6 What does the author want to tell his readers in Paragraph 6?SA:He wants to tell his readers in Paragraph 6 that because of mans irresponsibility and indifference towards environmental protection,Greece is rated one of the few cleaner countries of the northern shore.第20页Paragraph 7 flush out:to clean or drive out by a sudden flow of water;pour out;flood with water to clean out 冲出；泛冲出；泛滥滥 E.g.:flush a toilet(lavatory)抽水冲洗抽水冲洗马桶（厕所）马桶（厕所）I was recommended fruit juices to flush nicotine out of the body.我得到我得到劝说，应多喝果汁以从体内排除尼古丁。劝说，应多喝果汁以从体内排除尼古丁。第21页Paragraph 8 are awash with bacteria:have a large amount of bacteria Awash in its literal sense means“be covered in water”.E.g.:After a heavy rain,the streets were awash.rocks awash at high tide 涨潮时被淹没岩石涨潮时被淹没岩石 The ships deck was awash.船上甲板被浪潮船上甲板被浪潮冲打冲打。第22页Paragraph 8 Awash with is used figuratively,meaning“having a large amount of something,”as used in this sentence.The singular form of bacteria is bacterium.第23页Paragraph 9 lurk:to exist unseen 潜伏；潜藏潜伏；潜藏 E.g.:A snake was lurking in the grass.一条蛇正潜伏在草丛中。一条蛇正潜伏在草丛中。An even greater danger lurks in the seductive seafood dishes that add so much interest to holiday menus:There is an even greater hidden danger in the attractive seafood dishes that are forever so appealing to those holiday makers.第24页Paragraph 9 What does the word“seductive”in Paragraph 9 imply?SA:Seductive comes from the word“seduce”,which is to persuade someone young and without sexual experience to have sex with one.Therefore seductive implies that the seafood dishes are seemingly attractive but threaten with great danger to health.第25页Paragraph 11 Factories cluster round the coastline,and even the most modern rarely has proper waste-treatment plant:Factories are set up around the coastline,few of which,including the most sophisticated,have been equipped with a satisfactory system for dealing with their effluents.第26页Paragraph 14 pesticide:a more general term is insecticide Which paragraph(s)is(are)devoted to other sources of pollution apart from sewage and industry?SA:Paragraphs 14 to 15 are devoted to other sources of pollution apart from sewage and industry.第27页Paragraph 14 What does the word“explosions”in Paragraph 14 mean?SA:It means rapid increase in amount or number.第28页Paragraph 16 virtually unable to cleanse itself:practically/in effect unable to make itself free from waste materials virtually:practically,in effect,for all practical purposes E.g.:The manager being out of town,Sally is virtually in charge of the work.cleanse:meaning“clean”,is a more elevated word than clean.It is often used figuratively.第29页Paragraph 16 E.g.:cleanse one of ones sins or wrongdoings cleanse the world from evils to cope with the remorseless rush of pollution:to deal successfully with the sewage,effluents,etc.,which pour into the sea threateningly and which cannot be stopped第30页Paragraph 16 cope with:deal successfully with remorseless:threateningly unstoppable E.g.:He was disturbed by the remorseless noise of the engines all night and could not fall asleep.Remorseless is more often used to mean“merciless,pitiless.”E.g.:The man killed his opponent with remorseless cruelty.第31页Paragraph 16 What has made the Mediterranean more vulnerable to pollution than other seas in the world?SA:The Mediterranean is landlocked and its weak coastal currents keep sewage and industrial waste close to the shore.Those factors have made the Mediterranean more vulnerable to pollution than other seas in the world.第32页Paragraph 18 Explain the use of“of course”at the beginning of Paragraph 18 and that of“but”of Paragraph 19.SA:“Of course”is often followed by“but”to mean“it is at least true that but”.Here the writer uses“of course”to mean that it is not a new problem for the people of the Mediterranean to use the sea for their wastes and that environmental pollution has been in existence for a long time,however,pollution is made worse 第33页Paragraph 19 because of the increasing population of inhabitants and visitors.The population trebles every summer:The population increases three times every summer.Triple,a synonym of treble,is more often used in American English.What advice for tourists can be inferred from the facts provided by the author in the passage?第34页Paragraph 19SA:The possible advice for the Mediterranean tourists can be:do not swim in the sea and do not eat seafood dishes.第35页VI.SA to Ex.1,P.14,Workbooko1.The Mediterranean has made positive contributions to the development and prosperity of the countries along its shores but the effect produced by the industrialization and modernization of these countries on the Mediterranean has been negative-they have aggravated the pollution of the sea.o2.Cannes and Tel Aviv.(Paragraph 5)第36页VI.SA to Ex.1,P.14,Workbooko3.Even though less than 1/40 of the coastal people of Greece have their sewage properly treated,they are not doing too badly.Other countries on the northern shore are causing more serious pollution to the sea than Greece.o4.1:7=x:100 x=100/7 Thus x=14(approximately)第37页VI.SA to Ex.1,P.14,Workbooko5.attractive and luring but leading to bad consequences o6.Paragraphs 14 and 15o7.rapid increaseso8.Refer to Paragraphs 16 20.o9.“Of course”indicates that the vulnerability of the Mediterranean is not just due to its unique geographical features.The inhabitants round the shores are also to blame.They have for centuries 第38页VI.SA to Ex.1,P.14,Workbookobeen careless in the protection of their environment.o“But”implies that the greatly increased population has made a big difference;the sea is much more seriously polluted than before when the population was small.第39页VI.SA to Ex.1,P.14,Workbooko10.Do not eat shellfish unless you are sure that it is fresh and has grown in clean water.Take a good shower after a swim to wash off the dirt.Stay as far away as possible from those coastal areas where there are many factories.第40页VII.SA to Ex.2,P.15,Workbooko1.What happens is that the Mediterranean,the cradle of many ancient cultures,is seriously polluted.It is the first of the seas that has been made to suffer from a situation resulting from development mixed with an irresponsible mentality.第41页VII.SA to Ex.2,P.15,Workbooko2.Further,while the places such as Cannes and Tel Aviv dispose of their wastes through a pipe stretching out only half a mile from the shore,most cities do not even bother to do that but simply dump their sewage directly into the sea along the coastline.o3.There is an even bigger hazard hidden in the seafood dishes that are forever so appealing to the holiday-makers.第42页VII.SA to Ex.2,P.15,Workbooko4.Factories are set up around the coastline,few of which,including the most sophisticated,have been equipped with a satisfactory system for dealing with their effluents.第43页VII.SA to Ex.3,P.16,Workbooko1.One mans effort is not enough to cope with such a complicated situation.o2.When do you think the new IT(information technology)regulations will take effect?o3.The chances of winning a prize in a lottery are very slim;perhaps only a one-in-a-hundred chance.o4.It is deplorable that many a youngster has fallen victim to the use of drugs.第44页VII.SA to Ex.3,P.16,Workbooko5.There is virtually no one who is in favor of his proposal.o6.Beware of the swindler with a slick tongue and a smiling face.o7.Dont touch the bag!The explosive in it may blow up at any minute.Your life will be at risk.o8.He looked quite confident about the job,though some doubts lurked in the depth of his mind.第45页TEXT II An Ugly New Footprint in the Sand（沙滩上一串丑陋新足迹）（沙滩上一串丑陋新足迹）oI.Key Points of the TextoParagraph 1ocome by:come across;discover by chance;pass byoHow do you interpret the title of the article“An Ugly Footprint in the Sand”?Is it related to the“new footprint”referred to in the second sentence of the first paragraph?第46页Paragraph 1SA:The strange footprint is a symbol of environmental pollution;and the authors attitude to this new intrusion-one of strong dislikes-is made clear by the word“ugly”.第47页Paragraph 2 legions of:also a legion of,meaning“a large group of”or“large groups of”blight:to infect or spoil with a disease of plants that results in the drying up and dying of the diseased parts 使（植物）染上使（植物）染上枯萎病枯萎病;here it means“pose a threat to the existence of”第48页Paragraph 2 delicate:finely made;delightful精美，精巧精美，精巧 E.g.:porcelains of delicate workmanship 工艺精巧瓷器工艺精巧瓷器 whorl:a ring,especially of leaves on a stem（植物）轮；（软体动物）壳阶，螺纹（植物）轮；（软体动物）壳阶，螺纹 goo:sticky material 粘性物质粘性物质 congeal:to become or cause(a liquid)to become thick or solid 凝固；冻结凝固；冻结第49页Paragraph 2 While environmental pollution is often blamed on population explosion on our globe,Whipple has identified another cause.What is it?How does he support his argument?SA:The need to fuel the technology which mankind has developed to enable it to survive on this planet.Concrete examples are given notably in Paragraphs 2,9,10,and 11.第50页Paragraph 4 despoil:to steal from using forces,especially,in time of war;plunder 抢夺；掠抢夺；掠夺夺 E.g.:despoil somebody of his right 剥夺某人剥夺某人权利权利 as it were:as we might say;so to speak 能够这么说；在某种程度上能够这么说；在某种程度上 E.g.:He became