高中英语语法精讲精练---倒装句.doc

倒装
倒装的两种考法：
1. 放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握；
2. 放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。
倒装的两种形式：
1. 完全倒装： 将整个谓语动词提到主语前。
2. 部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分即助动词提到主语前。
一、完全倒装
1. 表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。
Here comes the bus.
There goes the bell.
【辨析】当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。
Here it is.
In she came.
2. 地点状语放在句首且谓语动词为come, live, lie, go等时用完全倒装。
In south of the river lies a small factory.
From the valley came a cry.
3. such, the following等放句首时， 句子要完全倒装。
Such is life.
The following is the answer to the question.
4. There lie / exist / stand / live ＋主语＋…是there be 句型的变式。
There is a tall building on the top of the mountain.
There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.
5. “表语＋系动词＋主语”的结构。
Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.
Seated on the ground are a group of young men.
二、部分倒装
1. 含有否定意义的副词或短语如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly / scarcely…when…，no sooner…(than)…，not only…(but also), at no time, by no means等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。
Little does he know about the news.
By no means can he catch up in such a short time.
【注意】Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter.
Not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。
2. neither / nor / so / as为标志词放在句首时，句子用倒装。
①表示前面所说的肯定情况，也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下：
so / as ＋ be (助动词或情态动词)＋ 主语。
②表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下：
neither (nor)＋ be (助动词或情态动词)＋ 主语。
— I've got an enormous amount of work to do.
—So have I.
He believed, as did all his family, that you were innocent.
If she doesn‘t agree to the plan, neither will Tom.
3. ①“only ＋ 状语(或状语从句)”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。
②only之后跟的不是状语时不可倒装。
Only in this way can you learn English well.
Only that boy can work out the problem.
4. 在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。
Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
5. 在 “so…that” 和 “ such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj. ”和“such＋n. ”提到句首时，句子用部分倒装。
So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off.
Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.

【高考链接】
1. So much of interest _______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all． 08上海
A．offers Beijing         B．Beijing offers   
C．does Beijing offer   D．Beijing does offer
2. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _______． 08辽宁
A．I was neither               B．neither was I    
C．I was either             D．either was I
3. ______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. 08江苏
A. only if; will you         B. Only if; you will   
C. Unless; will you          D. Unless; you will
4. Seldom____________ video games ever since they entered college.08湖北
A. they have played        B. they played      
C. have they played     D. they have played
5. It was announced that only when the fire was under control ___ to return to their homes. 08江西
　　A. the residents would be permitted                  B. had the residents been permitted
　　C. would the residents be permitted               D. the residents had been permitted
6. Only when I left my parents for Italy ____________how much I loved them． 08重庆
　　A．I realized                B．I had realized   C．had I realized              D．did I realize
7. Not until the motorbike looked almost new        repairing and cleaning it.08陕西
　　A. he stopped             B. did he stop         C. stopped he             D. he did stop
8. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party_________. 07全国2
A. he will either          B. neither will he      
C. he neither will           D. either he will
9. --- How was the televised debate last night?   
--- Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention. 07上海
A. a debate attracted          B. did a debate attract 
C. a debate did attract       D. attracted a debate
10. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ so lonely as now. 07辽宁
　　A. have I felt              B. I had felt           C. I have felt               D. had I felt
11. －My room gets very cold at night.     －_________. 07江苏
　　A. So is mine                 B. So mine is           C. So does mine        D. So mine does
12. Little __________ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. 07安徽
　　A. he realized           B. be didn’t realize   C. didn’t he realize        D. did he realize
13. ______that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere. 07陕西
　　A. So successful her business was                   B. So successful was her business
　　C. So her business was successful                   D. So was her successful business
14. —Did Linda see the traffic accident?   
—No, no sooner ______ than it happened. 06天津
A. had she gone          B. she had gone      
C. has she gone               D. she has gone
15. Just in front of our house ___ with a history of 1,000 years. 06上海
A. does a tall tree stand  B. stands a tall tree   
C. a tall tree is standing  D. a tall tree stands
16. ---It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?          
----Yes. ________yesterday.  06福建
　　A. So was it               B. So it was               C. So it is                     D. So is it
17. So difficult           it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.  06广东
　　A. I did find               B. did I find               C. I have found           D. have I found
18. ——I reminded you not to forget the appointment.    —— .  06江西
　　A. So you did          B. So I do not          C. So did you           D. So do I
19. Never in my wildest dreams        these people are living in such poor conditions． 06安徽
A．I could imagine      B．could I imagine   
C．I couldn’t imagine     D．couldn’t I imagine
20. At the foot of the mountain _______. 06四川
　　A. a village lie         B. lies a village         C. does a village lie     D. lying a village
翻译下列句子。要求：先用正常语序翻译，然后再改写成倒装句。
1. 学习做饭不仅使孩子们更加独立，给他们一项基本的生活技能，而且还可以让他们远离垃圾食品。（not only…but also; independent; junk food）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 广告不仅让我们了解最新的产品而且还很有娱乐性。（not only…but also; keep sb informed of /about sth; product; entertaining）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 直到最后一刻他才告诉我真相。（not…until）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
4. 直到失去健康你才会意识到它的重要性。（not…until）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
5. 只有用这种方法才能拯救她的生命。（only…）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
6. 只有当他们回来时，我才知道发生了什么事。（only）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
7. 我们有如此多的作业要做以至于我们没有时间放松。（so…that; relax）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
8. Emma是如此的迷人以至于所有人的目光都集中在她身上。(so…that; focus one’s eyes on)
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________
9. 汤姆刚到家电话就响了。（hardly…when或者no sooner…than，注意时态）
原句：__________________________________________________________________________
倒装：__________________________________________________________________________

倒装参考答案：
　1-5：CBACC 6-10：DBBBA 11-15： CDBAB 16-20：ABABB
句子翻译及其改写倒装
翻译答案：
1. Learning cooking not only makes children more independent and gives them a basic life skill, but also keeps them away from junk food.
倒装：Not only does learning cooking make children more independent, ….
2. Advertisements not only keep us informed of the latest products, but (they) also are entertaining.
倒装：Not only do advertisements keep us informed of the latest products,….
3. He didn’t tell me the truth until the last moment.
倒装：Not until the last moment did he tell me the truth.
4. You won’t realize the importance of health until you lose it.
倒装：Not until you lose it will you realize the importance of health.
5. We could save her life only in this way.
倒装：Only in this way could we save her life.
6. I knew what had happened only when they returned home.
倒装：Only when they returned home did I know what had happened.
7. We have so much homework to do that we don’t have time to relax.
倒装：So much homework do we have to do that we don’t have time to relax.
8. Emma is so attractive that everyone focuses their eyes on her.
倒装：So attractive is Emma that everyone focuses their eyes on her.
9. Tom had hardly got home when the bell rang.
倒装: Hardly had Tom got home when the bell rang.
Tom had no sooner got home than the bell rang.
倒装：No sooner had Tom got home than the bell rang.