高二英语上学期单元质量评估检测试题10.doc

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Unit 5　First aid

【导语】　在别人发生危险时，我们会尽量去进行急救。但是你知道进行急救应该注意哪些问题吗？
Never try and reset(重新安装)a broken bone.Remember，this is first aid－if you are doing this，you are preparing a patient for transport.Unless you are 110% sure of what you are doing，resetting a broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse.

It is dangerous to give aspirin(阿司匹林)to anyone under the age of 16 as it can cause potentially damage to the brain and liver before this age.
Never，ever put yourself in danger！As much as this seems to lack compassion，remember that being a hero，in this case，means nothing if you come back dead.
If you aren't sure what to do，leave it to the professionals.If it's not a life-critical injury，doing the wrong thing can endanger the patient.See the note about training，up above in tips.
Do not move the person.It could harm them even more；unless they are in immediate danger.Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person.
Do not touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current.Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material(eg，wood，dry rope，dry clothing)to separate him from the power source before touching him.
Before touching a victim or offering any aid，get consent to treat！Check the laws in your area.If someone has a “Do not resuscitate(使复苏)”order，respect it(only if you see proof)．If the person is unconscious and at risk of death or injury，without any known “Do not resuscitate”order，go ahead and treat by implied consent.
【词海拾贝】
1．risk 　　　　 n．&v.冒险
2．potentially adv.潜在地
3．compassion n．同情
4．consent n．同意，许可
【问题思考】
1．Can an ordinary person reset a broken bone？why?
_______________________________________________________
答案：No，he can't.Because resetting a broken bone may result in making things worse.
2．What should you do first to touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current?
_______________________________________________________
答案：Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material to separate him from the power source.

Ⅰ.为单词选择正确的释义
1．temporary　　 A．液体
2．injury B．温柔的；轻微的
3．liquid C．暂时的；临时的
4．mild D．绷带
5．electric shock E．损伤；伤害
6．bandage F．触电；电休克
7．symptom G．典礼；仪式
8．ceremony H．症状；征兆
答案：1.C　2.E　3.A　4.B　5.F　6.D　7.H　8.G
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词
1．________n．&vt.帮助；援助
2．________n．皮；皮肤
3．________v．(使)膨胀；隆起
4．________adj.生死攸关的；至关重要的
5．________adj.潮湿的
6．________adj.牢的；紧的
7．________n．勇敢；勇气
8．________vt.&vi.涂；搽；应用；申请；请求
答案：1.aid　2.skin　3.swell　4.vital　5.damp　6.tight　7.bravery　8.apply
Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词
1．________：a substance that causes death or harm if it is swallowed or absorbed into the body
2．________：a physical object that keeps two areas，people，etc.apart
3．________：consisting of many different parts and often difficult or understand
4．________：to press something firmly together with your fingers or hands
5．________：to make a liquid or other substance flow out of or into a container by holding it at an angle
6．________：to lose blood
7．________：a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way
8．________：to be unable to breathe properly because something is in your throat or there is not enough air
答案：1.poison　2.barrier　plex　4.squeeze
5．pour　6.bleed　7.variety　8.choke
Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式填空

1．Could you please ________ one room for me?
答案：squeeze out
2．He might ________ or meet with some other disaster，so it was always better to be prepared.
答案：fall ill
3．He got burnt so badly that his clothes ________ his skin.
答案：stuck to
4．I warned him ________ not to go there at night.
答案：over and over again
5．My son likes everything ________ before starting to do his homework.
答案：in place
6．Students were ________ when the accident happened.
答案：pouring out
Ⅴ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语
1．Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other_times_when_giving_first_aid_quickly_can_save_lives.
_______________________________________________________
答案：这种病或伤害通常不严重，但有一些时候，迅速急救会挽救人的性命。
2．If_possible，discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations.
_______________________________________________________
答案：如果可能，讨论一下在这些情形下你应该实施什么形式的急救。
3．So as you can imagine，if your skin gets_burned it can be very serious.
_______________________________________________________
答案：因此你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。
4．There are three types of burns.Burns are called first，second or third degree burns，depending on_which layers_of the_skin are_burned.
_______________________________________________________
答案：根据皮肤烧伤的程度而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。
5．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
_______________________________________________________
答案：除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。

First aid to burns
课文表层理解
Ⅰ.判断正(T)误(F)
1．The skin is the largest organ of your body.
(T)
2．First aid only be given by a professional person.
(F)
3．There are three types of burns.
(T)
4．Remove clothing using scissors unless it is stuck to the burn.
(T)
Ⅱ.根据课文内容回答问题
1．How many layers does the skin consist of?
_______________________________________________________
答案：Three layers.
2．What can cause burns?
_______________________________________________________
答案：Hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，chemicals.
3．Why doesn't a third degree burn hurt?
_______________________________________________________
答案：Because nerves can be damaged.
4．What's the main idea of the text?
_______________________________________________________
答案：The burns and the first aid treatment.
Ⅲ.根据对文章的理解，试着将下面表格补充完整(每空一词)

The importance of the skin　
☆An 1.________ part of your body and its largest organ.
☆Acting as a(n) 2.________ against disease，poisons and the sun's harmful rays.
☆Keeping you warm or cool.
☆Preventing your body from 3.________ too much water.
☆Giving you your sense of 4.________．

Burns
Causes
Hot 5.________，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.

Types and characteristics
First degree burns
☆Dry，red and mildly swollen
☆Mildly painful
☆Turn white when 6.________
Second degree burns
☆Rough，red and swollen
☆Blisters
☆7.________ surface
☆Extremely painful
Third degree burns
☆Black and white and charred
☆8.________；often tissue under them can be seen
☆Little or no pain if nerves are
9.________；may be pain around edge of injured area

Burns

First aid treatment
☆Cool 10.________ with cool but not icy water at once.
☆Place cool，clean，wet cloths on the 11.________ area over and over again for about an hour.
☆Send the victim to the 12.________ at once.
☆If needed，take any possible measures.
答案：1.essential　2.barrier　3.losing　4.touch
5．liquids　6.pressed　7.Watery　8.Swollen　9.damaged
10．burns　11.burned　12.hospital/doctor
课文深层理解
根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．The largest organ of your body is the ________．
A．brain　　　　　　　 B．mouth
C．stomach D． skin
答案：D
2．Which of the following is NOT the function of the skin according to the text?
A．It protects you against disease，poisons and the sun's harmful rays.
B．It helps the heart beat.
C．It can keep you warm or cool.
D．It prevents your body from losing too much water and gives you the sense of touch.
答案：B
3．What is the RIGHT treatment for the first degree burns?
A．Get the victim to the doctor or hospital.
B．Put butter，oil or ointments on burns as they don't keep the heat in the wounds and may decrease infection.
C．Keep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water.
D．Place cool，clean，wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.
答案：D
4．If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and charred，it belongs to ________．
A．first degree burns B．second degree burns
C．third degree burns D．none of the above
答案：C
5．The writer writes this passage mainly to tell us________．
A．the burns and the first aid treatment
B．the characteristics of burns
C．the function of the skin
D．how to carry out the first aid for burns
答案：A
Heroic teenager receives award
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1．Why did John receive the Lifesaver Awards?
A．He was brave.
B．He carried out lifesaving first aid on his neighbour.
C．John took part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school.
答案：B
2．How did John perform the first aid to his neighbour?
A．He asked someone for help.
B．He and his father carried out the act.
C．He used towels to dress the most severe injuries and slowed bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds.
答案：C
3．What does the text indicate?
A．A knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.
B．John was a brave person.
C．We can learn a knowledge of first aid.
答案：A
4．John Janson's story tells us that________．
A．it is very important for us to learn some knowledge of first aid
B．we should be brave as John Janson when someone is in danger
C．how to perform first aid
答案：A
Ⅱ.判断正(T)误(F)
1．The man attacked Anne Slade because he was stealing something and found by her.
(F)
2．John slowed the bleeding of Anne Slade's injures by putting pressure to the wounds.
(T)
3．John was presented with an award because he seized the murderer.
(F)

如何写指导性说明文
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式对事物的状态、性质、功能等进行介绍，或是阐明事理，给人提供知识的一种文体。知识性、科学性是说明文的主要特点。指导性说明文属于说明事理类文体，它旨在为读者提供未知的知识和原理，使读者阅读后对文章所写事物有所了解，或掌握解决问题的方法，是一种实用性很强的文体。
写法指导：
1．时态：说明文的时态常用一般现在时。
2．语言：语言要准确、简洁、周密。语言风格可以生动活泼，也可以平实简明，但必须以准确为前提。
3．结构：先对需要说明的对象做总的概括介绍，然后导入具体的说明，也就是在文章开头提出需要说明的事物或观点，然后加以列举说明，使文章表达清晰、条理清楚、层次分明。
【典型句式】
First，second，third，at last...
First，next，then，finally...
Firstly/First of all/To begin with，...Secondly，...Besides，In addition，...Last but not least...
结尾常用表达：
We can draw the conclusion that...
In short/In brief/In a word...
It seems clear that...
We can know/learn that...

运动有益于健康，但是在运动中我们很容易受伤。请你向学校英文报投稿，提几条有关在运动中防止受伤的建议。
[写作要点]
1．运动有益于健康；
2．运动中易受伤；
3．在运动中防止受伤的建议；
4．时态：一般时态为主。
要求：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
【范文点评】

范文
点评
Exercising is a great way for us to keep fit and healthy，but① there is also a risk of injury.However①，if we follow some basic guidelines，we are sure to have an enjoyable and safe workout.Here_are_some_useful_tips.②
Firstly③，before exercising just spend a few minutes getting warmed up，
which_will prepare_our_body for_the tougher exercise_that_is_going_to_follow，and_help_us_go_for_a_longer_period_of_time_without_feeling_tired.④
Secondly③，fitness wear is very important.The shoes we wear must be suited to the type of exercise that we are doing.And the clothes should be made out of fabric that absorbs sweat，like cotton.Besides⑤，they should be neither too tight nor too loose. Finally③，to prevent injuries，not_only_should_we_use_some_safety_equipment，such_as_helmets_for_biking_and_skating，but_also_we_should_avoid_taking_something_sharp_with_us，such_as_keys_and_watches.⑥
In_short③，only if we are fully aware of the safety tips can we avoid injuries when exercising.
①连词使用准确过渡自然。②开门见山，导入主题。③Firstly，Secondly，Finally，In short叙述条理清楚。④which引导非限制性定语从句，其中又有that引导的定语从句，凸显作者的语言功底。⑤Besides使用优美。⑥not only...but also...句式的使用更加体现了本文的亮点

假设你叫李华，你有一个澳大利亚的同学John，他曾在中国学习过半年，现已回国。最近他听说你校开设了急救课，他来信想询问一些情况，并向你请教关于一级烧伤的急救知识。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信：
1．开设急救课的原因；
2．一级烧伤急救知识；
3．邀请John再到中国学习。
注意：
1．词数为100左右；
2．信的开头与结尾已给出；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John，
I am glad to receive your letter，and now I'll tell you something about the first aid course in our school and some suggestions about first degree burns.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Best wishes，
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear_John，
I_am_glad_to_receive_your_letter,and_now_I'll_tell_you_some-thing_about_the_first_aid_course_in_our_school_and_some_suggestions_about_first_degree_burns.
The first aid course is a necessary part of our education and will make us more useful members of our society.If we have learnt about first aid，we can help someone who has had an accident，even can save someone's life one day.
The suggestions about first degree burns are as follows.Cool the burned area at once.Place the affected area under cold running water，but don't apply cold water for too long a time.You'd better go to hospital if the affected area is still painful.
The first aid course is very interesting and useful.It gives us information about many situations，and also gives us a chance to practise first aid treatment.Would you like to come here to study again? We are all looking forward to it.
Best_wishes，
Yours，
Li_Hua

A组　基础过关
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在每句空白处填上合适的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．When ________(chat) on the MSN，some people often use“88” for “goodbye”．
答案：chatting
2．Don't take anything away.Father likes everything to be ________ place.
答案：in
3．Parents are always trying their best to prevent their children ________ being hurt.
答案：from
4．She sticks ________ what she said in yesterday's meeting and nobody can change her mind.
答案：to
5．In the face of failure，it is vital ________ we should keep up a good state of mind.
答案：that
6．________ is reported in the newspaper，talks between the two countries are making progress.
答案：As
7．Where you live can make such ________ difference to the way you feel.
答案：a
8．My parents still treat me ________ a child.
答案：like/as
9．His project is concerned with applying the technology ________ practical business problems.
答案：to
10．There's surely some doubt ________ we can control pollutions.
答案：whether
Ⅱ.选用短语或句式的适当形式填空

1．We should not only know the theory but also how to ________ it ________ practice.
答案：apply　to
2．With so many people communicating in English every day，we can see that it will be more and more important to acquire ________ English.
答案：a knowledge of
3．________ smoking can seriously damage our health.This has already been proved true.
答案：There is no doubt that
4．Your support will certainly ________ in our work.We are looking forward to your help.
答案：make a difference
5．I wasn't good enough to