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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 5,Nelson Mandelaa modern hero,1/57,关键单词,mean,meaning,meaningful,1_,adj,.吝啬；自私；卑劣,v,t,.意思,是；意,味着_,n,意义；含义_,adj,.有意义；,意味深长,active,actively,activity,2 _,adj,.主动；活跃_,ad,v,.主动地,_,n,活动,generous,generously,generosity,3_,adj,.慷慨；大方_,ad,v,.慷,慨地；大方地_,n,慷慨；大方,2/57,4_,v,t,.(与 to 连用)献身；专心于_,adj,.,忠实；深爱_,n,忠诚；热爱,5_,v,t,.建立；建设_,n,建立；奠基；,基础,devote,devoted,devotion,found,6_,adj,.和平；平静；安宁_,n,和平,foundation,peaceful,peace,guidance,7_,n,指导；领导_,v,t,.指导，指挥,n,导游；指南,guide,hopeful,hopefully,hope,hopeless,8_,adj,.怀有希望；有希望_,ad,v,.,有希望地_,v,&,n,希望_,adj,.没希望,3/57,9_,v,t,.&,v,i,.投票；选举,n,投票；选票；表决,10_,v,t,.进攻；攻击；抨击,vote,attack,11_,adj,.相等；平等_,ad,v,.平等地；,公平地_,n,平等,equal,equally,equality,12_,adj,.愿意；自愿_,n,愿意；,愿意,willing,willingness,unfair,fair,escape,13_,adj,.不公正；不公平_,adj,.公平,14._,v,i,.&,v,t,.逃脱；逃走；避开,educate,15_,v,t,.教育；训练_,adj,.受过教育；,有教养_,n,教育,educated,education,4/57,beg,beggar,terror,terrible,16_,v,i,.请求；乞求_,n,乞丐,17_,n,恐怖；可怕人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动,_,adj,.可怕,cruelty,cruel,18_,n,残忍；残酷_,adj,.残忍；,残酷,reward,rewarding,sentence,19_,n,酬劳；奖金,v,t,.酬劳；奖赏_,adj,.,有回报,president,20_,v,t,.判决；宣判,21_,n,总统；会长；校长；行长,5/57,常考短语,work,League,matter,fact,1out of _ 失业,blow,trouble,2Youth _ 青年,团,3as a _ of _ 实际上,4_ up 使充,气；爆炸,turn,heart,5in _ 在危,险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等处境中,come,power,6_ to 求援,于；致力于,7lose _ 丧失勇气或信心,set,8_ to _ 当权,；上台,9_ up 设置,；建立,sentenced,10be _ to 被判处,(徒刑),11in ones _ 在某人,看来,opinion,6/57,经典佳句,as,soon,as,I,could,1 When he organized the ANC Youth League,I joined it,_ _ _ _ _.当 他组 织了,非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。,2 .only then _ _ _,to answer,violence with violence.,只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力,反抗暴力。,did,we,decide,7/57,should,have,been,asleep,3He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when,we _ _ _ _.他在午餐后休息,时间以及晚上原来该睡觉时间教我们学习。,4I felt bad _ _ _ I talked to a group.,第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我心情很不好。,the,first,time,8/57,课文回顾,fought,equal,to,out,that,Do you know the former president of South Africa,Nelson,Mandela?He 1._(fight)for the black people and was in,prison for thirty years.He helped the black people to get,2._(equality)rights as the white people.,advise,Elias was a student in a school.Because his family couldnt,continue 3._ pay the school fees,he had to drop out of,school.Then he found a job in a gold mine and he was worried,whether he would be 4._ of work.It was during this,difficult period of time 5._ he met Nelson Mandela for the,first time,who had opened a law firm to 6._(advice)poor,9/57,to vote,were put,violence,blow,black people on their problems.At that time,black people had no,rights 7._ (vote)and their life was decided by the,whites.Nelson Mandela said to Elias that they 8._(put),into a position in which they had either to accept they were less,important,or fight the government.So he decided to use,9._(violent)Though Elias didnt like violence,he helped,Nelson Mandela 10._(blow)up government buildings.He,knew it was dangerous to do it,but he also knew it would help to,realize their dream of making black and white people equal.,10/57,单句语法填空,1(,年北京卷,完形填空,)She started the Ladyb,ug,_(found),an organization aiming at getting rid of,homelessness.,Foundation,being punished,educated,2Whoever breaks the law wont escape _,(punish),3The people who work here are well _(educate),and open-minded.,attacking,4 There is a newspaper article _(attack)the Prime,Minister.,11/57,violence,have seen,of,5 The _(violent)and bad language in the program,shocked many of the viewers.,selfless,6The last 10 years _(see)great changes in China.,7 We like to deal with that company for their products are,_ high quality.,for,Devoting,8As a soldier,he showed _(self)devotion to duty.,9I sent him a book in reward _ his timely help.,10_(devote)herself to teaching the deaf children，,the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.,12/57,v,t,.,意思,是；意味,1,mean,adj,.,吝啬；自私；卑劣,着；打算,be mean with/over sth.对某物吝啬,be mean to sb.对某人吝啬；自私,mean to do sth.打算做某事,mean doing sth.意味着做某事,13/57,【联想发散】,means,n,方式；伎俩(单复数形式相同),by means of 用,方法,by all means 一定；尽一切方法,by no means 决不,by any means 不论怎样,14/57,to add,asking,利用,单句语法填空,(1)She is always selfish and is mean _ others.,(2)He was born in a poor family and has always been mean,_ money.,(3)Sorry,I didnt mean _(add)to your trouble.,(4)His coming means _(ask)for more money from,me.,to,with/over,15/57,2,devote,v,t,.(,与,to,连用,)献身；专心于,devote oneself/ones life(time/money/energy)to(doing)sth.,把,献给,；把,用在,上,be devoted to(doing)sth.专心致志于；忠于,devotion,n,深爱，热爱(与 for 连用)；忠实；专心(与 to 连,用),devoted,adj,.忠实；深爱,16/57,【联想发散】,以下短语中 to 是介词，后接,名词或动名词：,look forward to sth./doing sth.期盼做某事,object to sth./doing sth.反对做某事,be/get used to sth./doing sth.习惯做某事,pay attention to sth./doing sth.注意做某事,get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事,be accustomed to sth./doing sth.习惯某事,17/57,preparing,Devoted,devotion,利用,单句语法填空,(1)Before the exam,I devoted myself to _(prepare),for it.,(2)_(devote)to his teaching,he has no time to,spend a weekend with his family.,(3)From my first job at the restaurant,I learned teamwork and,_(devote),18/57,3,escape,v,i,.&,v,t,.,逃脱；逃走；避开；被遗忘,escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事,escape from 从,逃脱；逃离,fire escape 安全通口；太平门,narrow escape 死里逃生；九死一生,【名师指津】,escape 表示,“,逃避,”,时，普通是及物动词，后常接抽象名,词或动名词；表示,“,从,逃走,”,时，后接地点名词，普通要,加 from；后面接某人时，表示“被遗忘”。,19/57,being killed,from,being punished,利用,单句语法填空,(1)It is said that he narrowly escaped _(kill),in the accident the other day.,(2)At last,he escaped _ his trouble and depression.,(3)Whoever breaks the law wont escape _,(punish)?,20/57,4,reward,n,酬劳；资金；回报,v,t,.,酬劳；奖赏；奖励,in reward for 为奖赏,；为报答,as a reward for 作为对,奖赏/回报,reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏/酬报某人,reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人,rewarding,adj,.值得做；有益；有回报,辨析,reward,和,award,(1)reward 指奖金或一些非金钱类酬劳，多指因对方工,作、服务、帮助而给予酬劳或奖赏；做动词时惯用搭配：reward,sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事奖励某人。,21/57,(2)award 指奖品、奖金，与 prize 使用方法相同。做动词时意为,“授予，,颁发,”,，惯用搭配：,award sb.sth.award sth.to sb.向某,人颁发某物。,利用,单句语法填空,(1)She started singing to the baby and _,(reward)with a smile.,was rewarded,(2)Id like to do something in reward _ her kindness.,(3)When asked for his views about teaching job,Mike said he,found it interesting and _(reward),for,rewarding,22/57,1,out of work,失业,out of breath 上气不接下气,out of control 失去控制,out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障,out of balance 失去平衡,out of date 过时,out of question 毫无疑问,out of patience 不耐烦,23/57,out of order,out of question,【名师指津】,以上词组中名词前都没有冠词。,利用,用 out of 相关,短语填空,(1)The machine went _ because of,improper use.,(2)It is _ that I will write to you.,(3)He has been _ for two years and has,no money to support his family now.,out of work,24/57,2,in trouble,在危,险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等处境中,get into trouble 碰到麻烦；出事；陷入困境,have trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难,have trouble with sth.有,麻烦；有,疾病,take the trouble to do sth.不怕困难尽力做某事,【写,作佳句】,Please dont hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have,trouble with your study.不论什么时候在学习中碰到困难，请马上,找我们帮忙。,25/57,using,in,利用,单句语法填空,(1)We often have trouble in _ (use)neutral pens,because of its limited ink and other inconvenience.,(2)It is a good feeling to help someone _ trouble.,26/57,3,turn to,求援,于；致力于；转向；变成；开始行动；着,手工作,turn away 不让进入；把脸转开,turn down 调低(温度、音量等)；拒绝,turn up 调高(温度、音量等)；露面，出现,turn off 关掉(开关等),turn on 打开(开关等),turn out(to be)结果是,turn over 翻身；翻转,27/57,【一词多义】,(1)However,when it is something beyond my competence,I,turn to,my classmates or teachers for help.求援于,(2)After he left university,he became a teacher,but later,turned to,journalism.开始从事,(3)You shouldnt always,turn to,the dictionary when you meet,new words in reading.查阅,(4)Please,turn to,Page 40.翻到,28/57,up,away,down,out,to,利用,用适当介词或副词填空,(1)We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn,_.,(2)How can you turn _ from a soldier who was,wounded?,(3)I dont understand why they turn _ my suggestion.,(4)Though it looked like rain this morning,it has turned,_ a fine day.,(5)We can turn _ him for help.,29/57,4,lose heart,丧失,勇气或信心；气馁；泄气,put ones heart into 一心扑在,上,learn sth.by heart 背诵；记牢,strike.into ones heart 使,刻骨铭心,heart and soul 全心全意地,from the bottom of ones heart 从某人心底,【名师指津】,lose heart 中 heart 前不能加 the 或 ones 之类限定词。,30/57,from,利用,单句语法填空,(1)Though beaten by the opposite team,they didnt _,(loss)heart.,(2)As a matter of fact,nothing is too difficult if you put your,heart _ it.,(3)Thank you _ the bottom of my heart for your,generous donations.,lose,into,31/57,原句,1,The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of,laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached,a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去 30 年来所出现,大量法律剥夺了我们权利，阻挡了我们进步，一直到今,天，我们还处于几乎什么权利都没有阶段。,在该句中 stage 表示抽象地点，在定语从句中做地点状,语，故用 where 来引导，类似名词还有 case,point,situation,occasion,position 等。,32/57,利用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)我们处于一个可能会损失大量金钱境地。,We are in _ _ _ we may lose a large,sum of money.,a,position,where,(2)他陷入一个难以分辨是非局面。,He got into _ _ _ it was hard to,decide what was right and wrong.,a,situation,where,(3)事情已发展到双方家长必须被叫来程度。,The accident has reached to _ _ _,both of their parents are to be called in.,a,stage,where,33/57,原句,2,.only then did we decide to answer violence with,violence.,只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。,该句为 only 引导倒装句。only 置于句首修饰做状语副,词或介词短语时，句子要倒装。only 置于句首修饰状语从句时，,主句要用倒装语序，从句不用,倒装语序。,34/57,利用,同义句转换，每空一词,(1)I realized knowledge is valuable only when I had another,failure in my job-seeking.,did,I,realize,It,is,that,Only when I had another failure in my job-seeking,_ _ _ knowledge is valuable.,_ _ only when I had another failure in my,job-seeking _ I realized knowledge is valuable.,(2)The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy,only in this way.,can,the,children,Only in this way _ _ _ grow up,mentally and physically healthy.,35/57,原句,3,I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给,旅行团作讲解时，我心情很不好。,句中 the first time 是名词短语，在此做隶属连词，引导时,间状语从句，意为,“,第一次,时,”,。,名词短语或副词用作隶属连词还有：the moment/the,minute/the instant/immediately/directly/instantly 一,就,；,each time/every time 每当,时候。,36/57,利用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)第一次看这本书时，我感动得热泪盈眶。,_ _ _ I read the book,I was moved,to tears.,The,first,time,Immediately,(2)电影一结束，他们就走出了电影院。,_ the film was over,they went out of the cinema.,(3)每次在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报。,_ _ I see the old man in the park,he is,absorbed in reading newspapers.,Every/Each,time,37/57,利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来,We have 1._(reach)a stage 2._ we must take,effective 3._(measure)to protect the environment from,4._(go)bad to 5._(bad)Now,anyone who does,harm 6._ our environment wont escape 7._,(punish)And our joint efforts 8._(witness),quite a few changes in recent years.The air quality,9._ is,shown in the report,has improved 10._(gradual),reached,where,measures,going,worse,to,being punished,have witnessed,as,gradually,38/57,阅读了解(一),阅读了解八个常考点解读之,1,、,2：,1篇首尾、段首尾,文章主题句经常出现在首段，段落主题句经常出现在,段首。另外，首段末句或第二段首句也是文章主题句常,设处。文章尾段或段落结尾普通会是概括或总结性陈说，,经常会得出某种结论或提出某项提议。所以，文章篇首、篇,尾、段首和段尾处经常被作为篇章阅读设题主要题眼，而且,大多是考查对文章或段落主旨了解。考生需要尤其注意是，,一段之尾，假如有“however,but”等表转折词语，后面往往是,作者要强调内容，即有可能是文章主题句。,39/57,【例】,(,年四川卷,),In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest,there still,remain unusual groups of indigenous(土著)people.Surprisingly,these people live largely by their own laws and their own social,customs.And yet,people in this area are in fact French citizens,because it has been a colony(殖民地)of the French Republic since,1946.In theory,they should live by the French law.However,their,remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or,unknown,thus making them into an interesting area of,“lawlessness”in the world.,40/57,The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to,the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.Gin spent five,months in early exploring the most remote corners of this area,which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest,with half its,population of only 250,000 living in its capital,Cayenne.,“I have a special love for the French Guianese people.I have,worked there on and off for almost ten years，”says Gin.“Ive,been able to keep firm friendships with them.Thus I have been,allowed to gain access to their living environment.I dont see it as a,lawless land.But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”,41/57,“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record,touching upon the uncivilized life，”continues Gin.“I prefer to,work in black and white,which allows me to show different,specific worlds more clearly.”,His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in,time.These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world,that they were unprepared for.These local citizens now have to,balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the,lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic,which brings with,it not only necessary state welfare,but also alcoholism,betrayal,and even suicide.,42/57,29Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous,Guianese as _.,A,a tour guide,C,a film director,Ba geographer,Da photographer,解析：,D,推理判断题。依据第四段第一句,“I wanted to,show the audience a photographic record touching upon the,uncivilized life(,我想展示给观众一个摄影统计，让他们触摸到不,文明生活,)”,和第五段第一句,“His black-and-white pictures,present a world almost lost in time.(,他黑白照片展现了一个几,乎消失在时间里世界。,)”,可知他是一个摄影师，故选,D。,43/57,An idea that started in Seattles public library has spread,throughout America and beyond.The concept is simple:help to,build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read,the same book at the same time.,In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit(追 求)to be,enjoyed by all,the program allowed strangers to communicate by,discussing the book on the bus,as well as promoting reading as an,experience to be shared in families and schools.The idea came from,Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched the“If All of Seattle,Read the Same Book”project in 1998.Her original program used,44/57,author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring,people together with a book,but the idea has since expanded to,many other American cities,and even to Hong Kong.,In Chicago,the mayor appeared on television to announce the,choice of,To Kill a Mockingbird,as the first book in the“,One Book,One,Chicago,”,program.As,a,result,reading,clubs,and,neighborhood groups sprang up around the city.Across the U S.,stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at,night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plots and,characters.,45/57,The only problem arose in New York,where local readers,could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse,population.This may show that the idea works best in,medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity,(一 致)can be achieved.Or it may show that New Yorkers rather,missed the point,putting all their energy and passion into the,choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.,Ultimately,as Nancy pointed out,the level of success was not,measured by how many people read a book,but by how many,people were enriched by the process,or enjoyed speaking to,someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.,46/57,1What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?,ATo invite authors to guide readers.,BTo encourage people to read and share.,CTo involve people in community service.,DTo promote the friendship between cities.,解析：,B,细节了解题。依据文章第二段第一句可 知,Nancy 发起这个项目标目标是勉励人们阅读并进行分享。故选,B。,47/57,2转折,作者经常会
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