考研英语完形填空专项练习含答案.docx

Table of Contents
Practice 1 1
Practice 2 2
Practice 3 3
Practice 4 4
Practice 5 5
Practice 6 6
Practice 7 7
Practice 8 8
Practice 9 9
Practice 10 10
Practice 11 11
Practice 12 12
Practice 13 13
Practice 14 14
Practice 15 15
Practice 16 16
Practice 17 17
Practice 18 18
Practice 19 19
Practice 20 20
Practice 21 21
Practice 22 22
Practice 23 23
Practice 24 24
Practice 25 25
Practice 26 26
Practice 27 27
Practice 28 28
Practice 29 29
Practice 30 30
Answer Keys 31
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Practice 1
Scientists typically submit their papers to the editorial board of a journal specializing in a particular field of research.       1       the paper is accepted for publication, the editorial board sends it out for peer review. During this procedure a panel of experts, or referees,       2       the paper, judging whether or not the research has been carried       3       in a fully scientific manner. If the referees are satisfied, publication       4     . If they have       5      , some of the research may have to be repeated, but if they       6       serious flaws, the entire paper may be rejected for publication.
The peer-review process plays a critical role because it       7       high standards of scientific method.       8      , it can be a controversial area, as it allows       9       views to become involved. Because scientists are human, they cannot avoid       10       personal opinions about the value of each other’s work. Furthermore, because referees       11       to be senior figures, they may be less than welcoming to new or unorthodox ideas.
Once a paper has been accepted and published, it becomes part of the vast and       12       body of scientific knowledge. In the early days of science, new research was always published in printed form, but today scientific information spreads by many different       13      . Most major journals are now available via the Internet, which makes them quickly       14       to scientists all over the world.
When new research is published, it often acts as a springboard for further work. Its impact can then be       15       by seeing how       16       the published research appears as a cited work. Major scientific breakthroughs are cited thousands of times a year, but at the other       17      , obscure pieces of research may be cited       18       or not at all. However, citation is not always a       19       guide to the value of scientific work. Sometimes a piece of research will go largely       20      , only to be rediscovered in subsequent years.
1. [A] When [B] Before [C] Since [D] If
2. [A] supervise [B] assess [C] value [D] administer
3. [A] over [B] off [C] on [D] out
4. [A] goes ahead [B] keeps up [C] takes over [D] turns up
5. [A] conceptions [B] expectations [C] reservations [D] limitations
6. [A] address [B] justify [C] identify [D] suppress
7. [A] assures [B] ensures [C] confides [D] guarantees
8. [A] Therefore [B] Hence [C] Indeed [D] However
9. [A] objective [B] sensitive [C] subjective [D] competitive
10. [A] developing [B] injecting [C] expressing [D] transmitting
11. [A] intend [B] tend [C] happen [D] fear
12. [A] ever-inflating [B] ever-expanding [C] ever-extending [D] ever-accelerating
13. [A] directions [B] times [C] versions [D] means
14. [A] amiable [B] accessible [C] agreeable [D] accountable
15. [A] gauged [B] counted [C] concealed [D] calculated
16. [A] soon [B] far [C] often [D] long
17. [A] point [B] aspect [C] extreme [D] level
18. [A] frequently [B] oddly [C] rarely [D] occasionally
19. [A] reliable [B] available [C] identifiable [D] suitable
20. [A] undoubted [B] unexpected [C] unsuspected [D] unnoticed
Practice 2
Money talk has long been considered unacceptable in the workplace, but it’s not just social norms that have kept such conversations in the dark. According to a 2011 survey, almost half of all American workers are either       1       prohibited or strongly discouraged by their employers from discussing their pay with coworkers.
      2       when it’s not against the rules, experts warn       3       bringing up the pay scale with people in your office. For one, says career coach Carin Rockind, “if management ever found out, it makes you look       4       and could backfire.”
Rockind emphasizes that these       5       usually lead to disappointment and lower job satisfaction. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research reached the same       6       The researchers gave a random set of University of California employees       7       to a website that       8       University workers’ salary information.       9       workers who discovered that they made less than average       10       reported lower job satisfaction, there was no       11       increase in reported satisfaction among those who found out that their earnings were above average.
Pamela Teagarden, an expert in corporate behavioral psychology, says that salary comparison conversations often       12       because most workplaces       13       in what is known as a “Prisoner’s Dilemma.”       14       cooperating, colleagues are forced to compare and compete because everyone is trying for the next promotion, for the       15      .” Comparing salaries only       16       that dynamic,       17       a team’s ability to work together toward a common goal. To avoid this problem, Teagarden recommends that companies       18       other, non-monetary, “extrinsic motivators,” like encouraging friendship among coworkers and valuing employees’ opinions.
Rockind also emphasizes this non-monetary       19     . “There’s a       20       in our society that money leads to happiness,” Rockind says. “But it’s actually the other way around: It’s not that money leads to happiness; it’s that happy people make more money.”
1. [A] expressly [B] generally [C] implicitly [D] inevitably
2. [A] Only [B] But [C] Hence [D] Even
3. [A] over [B] against [C] for [D] on
4. [A] depressed [B] dissatisfied [C] eccentric [D] furious
5. [A] rumours [B] whispers [C] conversations [D] concepts
6. [A] decision [B] determination [C] conclusion [D] solution
7. [A] right [B] opportunity [C] credit [D] access
8. [A] listed [B] raised [C] performed [D] extended
9. [A] When [B] Since [C] While [D] If
10. [A] ultimately [B] essentially [C] immediately [D] cheerfully
11. [A] astonishing [B] considerable [C] reciprocal [D] dramatic
12. [A] increase [B] arise [C] proceed [D] suspend
13. [A] manipulate [B] manage [C] involve [D] operate
14. [A] Other than [B] No more than [C] More than [D] Rather than
15. [A] win [B] wealth [C] reputation [D] praise
16. [A] interferes [B] reinforces [C] breaks [D] activates
17. [A] undermining [B] influencing [C] shaping [D] paralyzing
18. [A] carry on [B] focus on [C] insist on [D] put on
19. [A] trend [B] fashion [C] approach [D] motivator
20. [A] prototype [B] convention [C] tradition [D] belief
Practice 3
The outcry over Internet firms’ habit of secretly tracking web surfers’ activities has clearly resonated inside the White House. On March 16th the Obama administration announced that it       1       to work with Congress to produce “a privacy bill of rights” giving American consumers greater       2       over how their information is collected and used by digital marketers. The bill will seek to      3       the basic principles of Internet privacy rights,       4       following recommendations published by the Department of Commerce. The department’s report said consumers should be told more about why data are being collected about them and how they are used; and it called for stricter       5       on what companies can do with information they collect.
Whatever legislation finally emerges is likely to give a broader       6       to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which will almost certainly be       7       with deciding how those principles are       8       into practice and with policing their implementation. Among other things, the FTC is known to be       9       on a formal “do not track” system, which would allow users to       10       certain sites from monitoring their online activities.
      11       all this may decrease their revenues, America’s Internet giants could also benefit from the legislation if it helps them in their       12       with the European Union. The EU’s already fairly strict rules on privacy are being       13       further. The time-consuming and expensive legal hoops the EU makes American Internet firms jump       14      , to be allowed to       15       Europeans’ online data, will become more       16      .
      17       by passing its own online-privacy “bill of rights” America can convince the EU to       18       this legal burden, then it will be an important       19       for American companies. Google, Facebook and others will no doubt be tracking—both online and offline—the progress of EU-American talks on this matter very       20      .
1. [A] urges [B] promises [C] conducts [D] intends
2. [A] emphasis [B] control [C] bargain [D] supervision
3. [A] lay down [B] figure out [C] take up [D] put in
4. [A] broadly [B] thoroughly [C] eventually [D] completely
5. [A] constitutions [B] measures [C] limits [D] means
6. [A] vision [B] sense [C] role [D] support
7. [A] charged [B] burdened [C] integrated [D] occupied
8. [A] introduced [B] taken [C] persuaded [D] translated
9. [A] decisive [B] enthusiastic [C] keen [D] predominant
10. [A] block [B] guard [C] supervise [D] remove
11. [A] Now that [B] Because [C] Although [D] Provided
12. [A] negotiations [B] dealings [C] associations [D] debates
13. [A] tightened [B] observed [C] hardened [D] challenged
14. [A] in [B] over [C] around [D] through
15. [A] analyse [B] handle [C] collect [D] trade
16. [A] reasonable [B] susceptible [C] demanding [D] complicated
17. [A] Since [B] Unless [C] If [D] While
18. [A] address [B] eliminate [C] ignore [D] ease
19. [A] conclusion [B] win [C] bonus [D] transition
20. [A] eagerly [B] hopefully [C] closely [D] cheerfully
Practice 4
The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country’s speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the       1       could become a poll tax on wheels’,       2       huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of deliberate damaging       3       cameras. The warnings came       4       a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either       5       to expansion plans or considering       6      .
Nationwide, the number of speeding tickets is expected to increase threefold,       7       90 million a year.       8       the scheme, police keep some of the cash from fines to       9       the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and       10       that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed       11       at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by       12       a half.
But motoring organizations       13       cameras will be sited on relatively safe but fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to       14       the “threshold” speeds at which cameras are       15       to the absolute legal minimum—15 mph in a 10 mph limit, and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of concentrating on the road, and       16       to more accidents. Sue Nicholson, head of campaigns at the RAC, said, “We don’t have a problem with speed cameras       17      . But we do have concerns about       18       they are sited. Police risk losing credibility       19       motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising       20       safety devices.”
1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments
2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching
3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over
4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where
5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] committed
6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silent [C] making exception [D] paying respect
7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] netting
8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With
9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil
10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring
11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] particularly [D] purely
12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to
13. [A] fear [B] hope [C] expect [D] doubt
14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix
15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered
16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort
17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such
18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which
19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for
20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of
Practice 5
The phrase “Mozart Effect” conjures an image of a pregnant woman who, sporting headphones over her belly, is convinced that playing classical music to her unborn child will improve the child’s intelligence. But is there science to       1       this idea?
A short paper published in Nature in 1993 unwittingly introduced the       2       Mozart effect to the masses. Psychologist Frances Rauscher’s study involved 36 college kids who listened to either 10 minutes of a Mozart sonata in D-major, a relaxation track or       3       before performing several spatial reasoning tasks. It found that students who had listened to Mozart seemed to       4       significant improvement in their performance.
      5       in 1999 psychologist Christopher Chabris performed a meta-analysis on studies       6       to the Mozart effect to survey its overall       7      . He       8       that the improvement could simply be a result of the natural variability a person experiences between two test sittings.
Earlier this year, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany published a second review study       9       a cross-disciplinary team of       10       inclined scientists who declared the phenomenon       11      . “I would simply say that there is no       12       evidence that children who listen to classical music are going to have       13       improvement in cognitive abilities,” adds Rauscher.
      14       its rejection by the scientific community, companies continue to       15       classical music to parents of children who can purportedly listen their way to greater smarts.
Chabris says the real danger isn’t in this       16       marketing, but in parents shirking roles they are evolutionarily meant to       17      . It takes away from other kinds of       18       that might be beneficial for children, such as playing with them and keeping them       19       via social activity. That is the       20       to a truly intelligent