2023年普通专升本考试英语阅读理解专项训练.doc

２023一般专升本考试英语
阅读理解专题训练(一)
（一)
In　ｂｒｉｎｇｉng up childｒen,　eveｒy　parｅnt ｗaｔches　ｅageｒly thｅ　chiｌd's acquisition（学会) of eaｃh　nｅw　ｓkill　the ｆirst　ｓpｏkeｎ　ｗords,　ｔhe　ｆirsｔ　independｅｎt　steps,　ｏｒ　the beｇinniｎg　of　ｒeadｉnｇ and　writｉng.It iｓ　oｆten　teｍpting tｏ　hurry the　cｈild　ｂｅyond　hｉs　natural ｌearｎing ｒate, but　tｈis　ｃan　seｔ　up　danｇｅrous　feelｉngs of failure ａｎd　states ｏf worｒy　in tｈe　child.Thiｓ　might　happen　at any　ｓｔaｇe．　Ａ　baby mighｔ be　fｏrｃｅd to use　ａ toileｔ　toｏ　ｅarｌｙ,　a yｏung　ｃｈild migｈt　ｂe ｅnｃourａｇeｄ　ｔo ｌｅarｎ to　rｅaｄ ｂefore he　knows the　mｅaｎｉng of　thｅ wordｓ　he readｓ. Ｏn the　other hａnd, tｈｏugh,　if　ａ　cｈiｌd　is left　alone　ｔoo　much,　ｏr withｏut ａｎy　ｌeaｒniｎｇ oｐportunｉties，ｈｅ ｌoses　hｉs　natural eｎthusiasｍ　for　life and his desirｅ tｏ　fｉnd　ouｔ　new ｔhings　for　hiｍselｆ.?
Parenｔs vary greatlｙ iｎ thｅｉr dｅgrｅｅ　oｆ　strｉctnｅｓs towａrdｓ ｔhｅiｒ chｉldrｅn. Some mａy ｂｅ eｓｐｅｃｉaｌly strｉｃt in　moｎey　maｔters.　Others　are sevｅr over ｔｉｍes　oｆ ｃｏｍing home at　niｇｈｔ or punｃtuality　foｒ meals.　In ｇeｎeraｌ，　the ｃoｎtrols impｏsｅd repreｓｅnt the needs　of tｈｅ　parｅnts　aｎd　thｅ　values　ｏf the coｍmunity　aｓ mucｈ as the　ｃhilｄ's　ｏwn　ｈaｐpiness. theｉｒ moｒａlｓ ｃａn be　a danｇerous disaｐpointmｅｎt．
1．Ｅagｅrｌy　 ｗatｃhiｎg　the ｃｈiｌｄ＇s acｑuｉsitｉｏｎ of new skｉlｌs　______ ．
A)shouｌd be　ａvoｉded　
Ｂ）is　uniｖersａｌ ａmoｎg ｐarentｓ　
C)sets　ｕp ｄａngerous　states　of　wｏrry ｉn tｈe chiｌd　
D)Will mａkｅ　ｈim　loｓe intｅｒest iｎ learｎinｇ　ｎew thiｎgs　
2.In　thｅ ｐrｏcesｓ ｏf　childｒen's lｅarning neｗ　skilｌｓ parents ____＿_ ．　
A)ｓｈould ｅncｏurage　ｔｈeｍ tｏ　read befoｒe　ｔheｙ　kｎoｗ　tｈｅ meaning　
of the wｏrdｓ　tｈey　read
B)ｓhouｌｄ ｎｏｔ　exｐecｔ too much　ｏf tｈem
Ｃ)shoulｄ　achieve a ｂalance　between ｐushing them　ｔoo harｄ　ａnｄ
leaｖing tｈｅm　oｎ ｔｈeir own　
D)ｓｈoｕld creａｔe　aｓ　manｙ learninｇ ｏppｏrtuniｔies as　possibｌｅ

3.Thｅ ｓecond paragraph mainlｙ teｌｌｓ ｕｓ　ｔｈaｔ _____＿　.
A）parｅnts shoｕld　be　stricｔ wiｔh theｉｒ　childrｅn　ﻫB）pareｎtal controls　ｒefｌecｔ　oｎly the neｅds　of　the　pareｎtｓ　ａnd　the
ｖalues of ｔhe cｏｍmunｉty　
C）pareｎtａl ｒｅsｔｒictions vａｒy, and ａrｅ　not　always　enforｃｅd for　ｔhe　
benefit　of　the cｈiｌdren alｏne
D)ｐareｎts vary　in ｔｈeir stricｔnesｓ tｏｗarｄs　ｔｈeiｒ　cｈildrｅn　accordiｎg　
to　tｈe　ｓituaｔｉoｎ

４.The　worｄ "ｐｒｅcept"( Line　3, Paｒa.　３)　prｏbabｌy　meａｎｓ　"＿_＿___".　
A)idｅa ﻩﻩB) punishｍeｎｔ　 Ｃ) behaviouｒ ﻩﻩD) ｉnｓｔｒｕctｉｏn

5.Iｎ　moraｌ matｔers, pareｎts ｓhould　＿___＿__ .　
A）observe　the　ｒuｌeｓ　thｅmｓelves
B)bｅ　aｗare　of thｅ marｋｅd ｄｉffｅｒence ｂｅｔween　adults ａnd　childｒeｎ
C）fｏｒbid things　wｈiｃh have no foundatiｏn　in　moｒaliｔy
D)cｏnsistenｔlｙ　ensuｒe the ｓｅｃurｉty of　their　ｃhｉldren
(二）
Amｅricaｎ ｓocietｙ iｓ　not　ｎap (午睡) friendlｙ． Iｎ ｆact， says Daｖid Dｉngeｓ,　a sleep　ｓpecialist at　tｈｅ Univeｒsiｔy　oｆ Penｎsylｖanｉa　Ｓchooｌ of Medｉｃine.　＂Tｈｅｒe＇s　eｖen a prohibition　aｇainst　adｍｉｔtinｇ　wｅ need　ｓleeｐ". Ｎobodｙ wants　to　be caｕgｈt　ｎapｐing　or found asleｅp　at　ｗorｋ.　Tｏ qｕote a prｏｖerｂ:　"Some slｅeｐ five　hｏurs,　ｎａｔｕｒe　reｑuireｓ sｅveｎ， laｚinｅsｓ ninｅ and　wickednｅｓs　eleven． "　
Wrｏｎg.　The ｗay　ｎot to ｆall　aslｅｅp at　ｗoｒk　is to takｅ　naps wheｎ　you　need tｈｅｍ. ＂　
We　ｈａve　to　totａllｙ changｅ oｕr attｉtｕｄｅ　towａrｄ　naｐｐing"，　sａys　Ｄr.　Ｗilliam　Ｄemｅnt of Ｓｔanford Uｎivereｉty,　the ｇodfathｅｒ　of sｌeeｐ reseａｒｃh．　?
Last yeａr　a　nationaｌ　ｃｏｍmisｓiｏｎ led by　Dement identｉfieｄ aｎ ＂Ａｍｅricａn slｅep ｄebｔ"　which one mｅmｂer　saｉd ｗａs　aｓ　ｉmpｏｒtant aｓ the ｎaｔional debt，　The s　coｎcerned ａｂout　the danｇers oｆ　sleepiｎess:　pｅopｌe caｕsing　ｉnｄustrial　acｃｉdｅntｓ　or　ｆallｉng aｓｌeep　ｗhｉle drｉｖing. Thｉs may　be　ｗhｙ ｗｅ hａｖe　a new　sleep　ｐｏｌicｙ iｎ the Ｗhite Housｅ. Ａccordinｇ　to rｅcent　ｒｅporｔs,　preｓideｎt　Cｌinｔon ｉs ｔrying　to taｋe a　hａlｆ瞙our　snoozｅ　(打瞌睡) every aftｅrnooｎ.　？
Aｂout　６0 ｐerceｎt of Americaｎ aduｌｔs nap wｈen　gｉveｎ　the　opｐoｒtuｎity.　We seeｍ to ｈavｅ ＂a　miｄaftｅrｎoｏn　quｉet pｈaｓe"ａｌsｏ cａlｌed"ａ secoｎdａry sleep　gａｔe.　"Sleｅping 15　minｕｔes to ｔｗo　hourｓ　in　the　early　afternｏon ｃan　reｄuce strｅss　and　ｍake uｓ　refｒeshｅｄ. Cleaｒlｙ， we　ｗere boｒn to nap． ？
Ｗe Supｅrstａrs　of Sｎoｏzｅ　don't nap to replacｅ loｓt　shut　 ｙｅ　oｒ　to prepare　foｒ a　nigｈt　shift. Ｒatheｒ， we"sｎack＂on　sleep,　whenever,　ｗherｅveｒ and at　whatever　ｔimｅ we ｆeel like it.　I myselｆ haｖe　ｎａｐped in buｓｅs,　cars, ｐlaneｓ　and　ｏn　ｂoatｓ; ｏｎ　floors ａｎd ｂeds;　and in libｒaｒieｓ,　ofｆicｅｓ and　mｕsｅuｍs.
　　 6.　Ｉｔ iｓ　commonly ａccepteｄ in　Aｍｅrican ｓｏｃｉety　that toｏ　muｃh　sleep is　＿_＿___　．　
　 　 A)　ｕｎreａsｏnable Ｂ） cｒiｍinal　C) haｒniful　Ｄ)　ｃostly

７．　Ｔhe　ｒesearch　done　ｂy　the Dement　ｃommissiｏn　shoｗs ｔhat Americans　______ .
A) ｄｏn'ｔ　ｌｉkｅ　to　ｔａｋe naps　
B)　arｅ ｔeｒｒibｌy　woｒriｅｄ　ａboｕt　their　ｎatｉoｎal ｄebt
C) sｌｅep leｓｓ　thａn　ｉｓ ｇood　ｆｏr　tｈｅm
　D） havｅ cａusｅｄ　many iｎdustｒｉal　anｄ traｆtｉｃ acｃidents
８.　The　ｐｕrｐose　of　this articｌｅ is　to _____＿　.
A) wａrｎ　uｓ　oｆ　tｈｅ　wｉckedness ｏｆ naｐpinｇ
B) explaiｎ　ｔｈe　daｎｇer of　sleeｐｉness　
Ｃ) diｓcuss the side eｆfeｃts of　napｐing ﻫＤ)　ｃｏnｖｉnｃe the ｒeａｄer of tｈe　nｅcessiｔｙ　of nａｐｐiｎg ﻫ
9． Thｅ　"Ａmeriｃan sｌeep ｄebt＂( Line 1,　Para.　3） is　thｅ rｅｓuｌt　oｆ ＿_＿＿_＿　.　ﻫ A)　tｈe　traｄｉｔional ｍiｓconｃeptｉon　the Ａmericaｎｓ　have　about　slｅep　ﻫ 　Ｂ)　the neｗ　ｓｌeep policy　of　thｅ Cliｎtｏn Adｍiniｓtratｉon
　 Ｃ) the　ｒapid　devｅlｏｐment of Ａmｅricａn　indｕstry ﻫ Ｄ) thｅ　Americａnｓ' wｏｒry aｂoｕｔ thｅ ｄangeｒ　ｏf　ｓleｅpiｎess ﻫ
1０． Ｔhe　ｓecｏnd sｅｎteｎce　oｆ　tｈｅ lasｔ ｐａrａgrａｐh　telｌs us thａt　iｔ is _＿____ ．　
Ａ)　prｅferable ｔo　havｅ　a souｎd　sｌeｅp bｅforｅ a　nigｈt　ｓｈift　ﻫ 　 B)　gｏoｄ pracｔice　to　ｅａt somethｉng light before　ｗe gｏ to beｄ　
　 Ｃ) eｓsｅntiaｌ ｔo　ｍake up for coｓt slｅep
　 D)　natｕｒａｌ to ｔａke　ａ ｎap whenｅveｒ we feel the neｅd　for　iｔ
(三）
Ａ　ｇｏod　mｏdｅｒｎ　nｅwspaper　ｉｓ aｎ　exｔraordinary　ｐiｅce oｆ　readｉnｇ. Ｉt　is remarkａｂle　first　ｆor whaｔ　it　contaiｎs: ｔhｅ raｎge ｏｆ　news fｒom lｏcａl ｃｒime　ｔo　ｉntｅrnatiｏnaｌ　poｌitｉcs,　from　spｏrt tｏ　bｕsiｎｅss　to
Aｓ　regards ｔｈe deｖｅloｐmｅｎt　ｏf　moraｌ ｓtandards　iｎ　ｔhe ｇrowinｇ　child,　consisteｎｃy　is　vｅrｙ impｏrtanｔ in ｐａｒental ｔeachiｎg.　Ｔo forbid a　ｔhｉng onｅ　ｄay anｄ excuse ｉｔ tｈe neｘt iｓ no　foundation ｆor morａlｉty(道德).　Alsｏ,　parｅnts　shoｕld ｒealizｅ　tｈａt"examｐlｅ is ｂｅtter　ｔhａｎ preｃept". Ｉf　ｔhey aｒe not　sincｅｒe　aｎd dｏ ｎot　prａctise　what they prｅａch (说教）， thｅir　childreｎ　may　ｇrｏw　conｆusｅd,　anｄ　ｅｍotionaｌly　insecｕre when　they　grｏw old enough　to thｉnk ｆｏr　thｅｍｓelvｅs, aｎd　realize they ｈave　ｂｅen　to soｍe ｅxteｎt　fｏoled．　?ァ?ﻫＡ　suddeｎ ａｗaｒeｎess　of a maｒked　diftｅrenｃe betweeｎ　their　paｒeｎts'　principleｓ　aｎｄ ｆashioｎ　to ｓｃience，　aｎd tｈe　range of　comment anｄ speciａl feａtuｒes　（特定) as well，　froｍ　editorial ｐage ｔo　fｅａture　arｔｉｃles ａｎd inteｒｖiｅｗs　to　ｃrｉticism　of ｂｏoｋｓ,　art, theaｔre　and　music. A　nｅｗｓpaper　is eｖｅn moｒe rｅｍaｒkａblｅ　ｆor　the way　oｎe reads iｔ: ｎeｖer　completｅｌy,　ｎever straｉght through,　but　ａｌwaｙs by jumpｉng fｒom ｈere　tｏ　ｔhere, in and　ｏnｔ　ｇlancinｇ　at oｎe　piecｅ， rｅａding anｏther　ａrticle　all　the waｙ tｈrougｈ，　ｒeａｄing　ｊｕsｔ a　ｆｅw　paragrapｈs ｏｆ the　ｎext.　Ａ　gｏod modｅｒｎ newspaper　ｏffers　a　varietｙ to　attract many　difｆeｒｅnｔ　reａｄeｒs, but　far　ｍorｅ tｈａn aｎy one　reａdｅr　is iｎｔeresied in.　What　bringｓ　this vaｒiｅty　tｏｇｅther　iｎ　one　place is　its　topicality　(时事性)， its　immｅdiａtｅ　relation　to　what is ｈａｐpening　in youｒ wｏrld anｄ your　locａlitｙ now．　But　ｉmmｅdiacy　and　the spｅｅd ｏf　proｄucｔion that　goes with ｉt　mｅaｎ　also　that much　of　wｈat apｐeａrｓ　in ａ neｗsｐａper has　no moｒｅ ｔｈan　tｒansient（短暂旳) vａluｅ.　For all　these reasoｎｓ,　no ｔwo pｅoｐle reaｌｌy read　thｅ　sａmｅ pａpｅr:　what eaｃｈ perｓｏｎ　dｏeｓ　ｉｓ ｔo　put　toｇｅtheｒ out　ｏf　tｈe paｇeｓ　ｏｆ　thaｔ　dａy'ｓ paｐer， his own　ｓeleｃtion ａnｄ sｅｑｕence， hiｓ ｏwn ｎｅwｓ paper．　For all tｈese reasons, rｅａｄing newｓpaｐｅrs eｆｆiciｅnｔｌy,　which meaｎs ｇettｉnｇ　what you　want　ｆroｍ　theｍ　ｗithout mｉssｉng tｈiｎｇs　you　ｎeed　but withｏuｔ　wasting ｔｉmｅ,　ｄeｍaｎdｓ ｓkiｌl　and　ｓelfａwａreness ａs yｏu modify　ａnd　ａpply　ｔhe tecｈniqueｓ　of reａｄiｎg　
11.A ｍoｄｅrn newsｐaｐｅｒ is reｍarkable　　ｆor alｌ　tｈｅ　ｆolloｗing　eｘcept itｓ __＿___ .
　 A)　wide cｏvｅｒage　ﻩ ﻩ ﻩB) uｎifｏrm sｔyle
C) speed　in　reportiｎg　news ﻩﻩD)　popularｉty　
12.　Ａccording tｏ ｔhe pａｓsage,　the ｒeaｓon why nｏ ｔwo　ｐｅople rｅalｌy read tｈe "same"　ｎeｗsｐaper　ｉs　that ______ .
A) peoplｅ　scan　fｏｒ　the nｅｗｓ tｈey　arｅ inteｒesteｄ　in
B）　diffｅrent peopｌｅ prｅｆer difｆｅreｎｔ　ｎewｓpappeｒs　
C)　pｅｏple　ａre ｒareｌｙ iｎｔeｒesｔｅｄ ｉｎ the same kiｎd　ｏf　newｓ　
D) ｐｅｏplｅ　haｖe　dｉｆfeｒent　views　about what a gｏod ｎewｓpａper is
13.　Ｉt　caｎ be conｃｌｕdｅ　ｆｒoｍ　the　passaｇe ｔhat　ｎｅｗsｐａｐer　readers　__＿___ .
A） apply ｒeａding　tｅchniques skｉllｆulｌy　
B） jumｐ ｆrom　onｅ nｅwspaｐｅr　to anotｈer
Ｃ) ａpｐｒeciaｔｅ ｔhｅ vａriｅty ｏf ａ neｗsｐａper
Ｄ）　usｕallｙ　read a　newspａper　selectｉｖeｌy　
14 A　good　newｓｐaｐer　ｏffeｒs　"ａ vａriety"to readers becaｕｓｅ　_＿____　.
A） it triｅs to　serve　diｆfereｎt ｒｅadeｒs
B) it has to cover ｔhiｎgs thａｔ happｅｎ　in a　ｃeｒtaｉn localｉty　
C) reａdｅrs aｒｅ difｆｉcult　to please　
D)　readers ｌike　to read　ｄiffｅreｎt　newspaperｓ　

15. Tｈe　besｔ　tｉtｌｅ　ｆor　tｈis　passａge woｕld be　＂___＿__".　
A) Thｅ　lmporｔaｎce of　Newspａpｅr　Toｐicaｌitｙ
B) Tｈe Ｃhaｒactｅristiｃs　oｆ　a　Good Neｗspａper
C)　The Varｉety　of a Gｏod　Newspaper
D）　Some Suｇgestiｏnｓ　on Hoｗ to Ｒeaｄ a Newsｐaｐer　
(四）
　Peｒｓons who　 are overweight ｓｈｏuｌｄ watcｈ　 thｅｉｒ 　diet careｆｕｌｌy　in ｏｒｄｅｒ ｔｏ　ｌosｅ ｐouｎds. Thｅ 　bｅst　 way to 　ｄｏ ｔｈis is 　to 　sｔart a ｗeｉght coｎｔrol　 pｒoｇｒam． Aｔ 　fｉrsｔ 　it iｓ 　ｗise 　to tａlk with　your　dｏｃtor. He 　can ａdvise　 you ｏf　 ｔｈｅ nuｍber 　of cａlorｉeｓ（卡路里) yｏu should hａve in yｏuｒ ｍeals each　dａy. He ｃan tell　you about　exｅrcisｉｎg 　wｈilｅ on your diet. A goｏd　 rｕｌe 　is ｔo lｏse slowｌｙ. A ｌoss of a pｏunｄ ｏr ｔwｏ is　　ｐｌｅｎｔy．
　Plaｎ mealｓ　 ａｒoｕnd fｏods　　yｏu ｋnoｗ. Tｈiｓ meaｎs tｈat iｔ iｓ ｗｉse to ｉｎｃlude fｏｏｄs ｔhａt you ａre ｕsｅd ｔo　 and that　 aｒe part of ｙour　 rｅgｕlar eatiｎg hａbｉts. When ｙｏu haｖ ｅ lｏsｔ tｈe weighｔ you　 wish， simple 　itｅmｓ can ｂe　 aｄdｅd tｏ　ｙｏur　diet so ｔhat ｙｏu　　can maｉntain tｈe weigｈt　 you ｗanｔ． Ｗhｉｌｅ you are ｄieting， ｔrｙ tｏ ｂｕild　 a　 ｐattern　 ｏf 　eatiｎｇ ｔhaｔ yｏu can 　ｆollow lateｒ ｔo maiｎtain yoｕr　deｓired　weight.
When dｉeｔｉｎg, ｃｈoｏse　loｗ-ｃalorie foods. Avｏiｄ such itｅms as faｔs, friｅｄ　 foｏd, swｅeｔs，　 cakes, cｒeam and soｆｔ ｄrinks. Try　 to ｔake coffee aｎd 　ｔｅa ｗithoｕt sｕgar ｏｒ　 ｃreaｍ. Sｎacｋs 　can ｂe pａrt 　of　 your ｄiｅt. Fｏr exampｌe, ａ ｐiece oｆ 　fruｉｔ　　or ａ siｍple　dessｅｒｔ　 saved ｆrom ｍｅaｌtiｍe can be eaten ｂetwｅen ｍｅals．
　Ｋeeｐ 　busｙ! Ｔhis wａy ｙou will　 ｎoｔ be 　ｅmpted ｔo　 ｇo oｆf 　the dｉet. Make fulｌ　uｓe ｏｆ opportunitｉeｓ tｏ exercｉsｅ. Try walking 　insｔead of　riｄinｇ 　ｗhenever possiblｅ. Happy ｄietiｎg!
　16. Whaｔ iｓ　 ｔｈe mａｉn 　ideａ of the　　passａｇe?
　A) How to dieｔ. 　 ﻩ B)　Whｙ ｗｅ　 shｏｕld dieｔ.
　 C)　Ｗｈat　 we　　shｏｕld　 diet．　ﻩ 　 D) Wheｒe ｗe　 shouｌd ｄｉet.
1７. While ｄｉeting　 you　 should ＿＿______.
A） chｏosｅ 　frieｄ　 fooｄs 　 　 　 Ｂ) choose　 low－calｏriｅ 　food
C) cｈooｓe snack 　aｓ　 hamｂurger 　in McＤｏｎalds　 D)　talｋ to yoｕr　 dｏctoｒ
　１8 Ｗhｅn 　you haｖe 　lｏｓt　 thｅ 　wｅigｈt 　yoｕ ｗish, yｏｕ cａn　_____＿__.
A） hａve　 some more　 ｓimple　　ｉtems 　iｎ yoｕr dieｔ　　
B） eａt morｅ and　 more 　foodｓ 　ｙou ｌiｋe
C) sｔoｐ 　ｄiｅting　　
D) tell ｔｈe　　ｄoctoｒ　 wｈaｔ　 yｏｕ'ｖｅ done
　19. Aｃｃoｒdｉng tｏ　　the 　passage, which of thｅ fｏｌlｏwｉng sｔａｔementｓ　　is ＮＯＴ truｅ？
　A) Ｗhile dieｔing,　 ｙou　　sｈoulｄ　 ask ｔhe　doｃtoｒ　so tｈaｔ you can lose your ｗｅight qｕｉckly.
　　B） Pｌａn ｍeaｌs meａｎs to hａvｅ some foods you lｉｋe and take thｅm aｓ yｏur ｄaily eaｔiｎg ｈaｂitｓ.
Ｃ) Whｅn ｙou ｈaｖe ｌｏst ｙｏｕr　 wｅighｔ，　ｙoｕ ｃan ｈavｅ somｅ　coffｅe　and tea withｏut　sｕgaｒ oｒ ｃream.
D) As ｙou ａｒe dieting, 　don'ｔ 　forget ｅｘercｉse．
2０. Ｉｆ ｙｏu　 ｗant　 to 　stａrt ａ　　weight 　conｔｒｏl　 pｒoｇram， you　 ｓｈoｕld　_＿＿_____.
　 Ａ) aｓk youｒ docｔor　　ﻩ B)　plａn mｅals aｎd cｈｏoｓe 　low-caｌoｒｉe ｆoｏds
C) do　 ｓoｍe exercise　　 ﻩﻩ D) alｌ　　of　ｔhe above

参照答案:1-5　　BＣＣDＡ 6－10 　AＣDAD 　 11-15 BCＤAB． 　１6-20 　AＢAAＤ