建筑施工-专业单词及术语.doc

第二部分 专业单词及术语

一、 电气部分单词及术语

二、 水暖安装部分单词及术语1

三、 建筑安装部分单词及术语

四、 施工机械

一、 电气部分单词及术语

pip wrench管钳子

ajustable spanner活扳子

pipe bender弯管气（机）

hand hammer手锤

hack saw铁（钢）锯

saw木锯

ladder梯子

screw driver螺丝刀

pincers casing钳套

electroprobe检电笔

voltmeter电压表

watt-hour meter电度表

universal meter万能表

pincerlike galvanometer钳形电流表

safety-belt安全带

pole climbers脚扣子

wire grip紧线器

wire电线

cable电缆

wiring case接线盒

waterproof elbow防水弯头

desk-lamp base坐灯头

terminal box出线盒

socket插座

open socke明插座

hidden socket暗插座

pull switch拉线开关

bulb灯泡

sun lamp日光灯

wiring布线

pip clip管夹

screw螺钉

wood screw木螺钉

switching扳动开关

safety switch安全开关

power supply电源，动力供应

substation变电站（所） s

witch panel配电盘

oil switch油（浸）开关

relay继电器

pipe diestock管子绞板

die板牙

current电流

voltage电压

ampere安培

volt伏特

resistance电阻

ohm欧姆

high voltage高压

low voltage低压

transformer变压器

circuit电路

fuse保险丝

discharging rod避雷针

direct current直流 （D C）

alternating current交流（A C）

rated current额定电流

rated voltage额定电压

rated load额定负载

power功率

rated power额定功率

knife switch闸刀开关

master switch总开关

insulating materials绝缘材料

insulator绝缘体

insulating tape绝缘胶带

shielding屏蔽

shielding wire屏蔽线

architectural working drawing建筑施工图

general plan总图

plane diagram平面图

foundation plan基础平面图

ground floor plan底层平面图

standard floor plan标准层平面图

top floor plan顶层平面图

elevation drawing立面图

front elevation正面图

back elevation背立面图

side elevation侧面图

right elevation右立面图

sectional drawing截（剖、断）面图

detail drawing详图，大样图

architectural drawing建筑图

structural drawing结构图

office building办公楼

residence住宅

factory厂房

highway公路

bridgework桥梁工程

二、 水暖安装部分单词及术语

1、 Terms of Water Supply Pipe

水、暖、空调术语

Central Heating and Air-condition

Lead pouring joint runner灌铅（填缝浇）口

Asbestos-cement closure of joint 棉水泥口

Seepage water渗流水

Air channel出风口（通风道）

Vapour蒸汽

Washing冲洗

Backwater pipe回水管

Hot-water pipe热水系统

Steam pipe蒸汽管

Compensator补偿器

Seam咬口

Shaking震动

Socket-and-spigot cast iron pipe承插铸铁管

Socketed tee承口三通

Coupler接轮

Galvanized steel pipe镀锌钢管

Galvanized elbow镀锌弯头

Galvanized tee镀锌三通

Coal-gas pipe煤气管

Tap水咀（龙头）

Steam-water-mixing valve汽水混合伐

Hot and cold water mixing gooseneck tap

冷热水混合的鹅颈龙头

Multi-vane valve多叶伐

Safety valve安全伐

Trap疏水器

Thermometer温度计

u-shaped pressure gauge u 型压力计

hemp麻

hemp packing 麻垫，麻丝封填

heat-proof polyvinyl chloride pipe

耐冲击聚氯乙烯管

viscose foam-rubber mat

带粘胶的泡沫橡胶垫

sink water trap存水弯

floor drain地漏

clean-out清洁口

wash basin（洗脸）盆

bidet坐洗器

utensil of drinking water 饮水器

water strainer滤水器

squatting stool pan蹲式大便器

sitting stool pan 坐式大便器

low flush tank 低水箱

cesspool 污水池

radiator 暖气片（散热片）

windpipe 气（风）管

air strainer 空气过滤器

pressure-reducing valve 减压伐

fire hydrant消防栓

hot-blast heating热风暖气

pipe-fittings with thread （带）丝（管）头

bathtub浴盆

valve pit伐门井

deep well pump深井泵

pump水泵

pressure testing pump试压泵

boiler锅炉

water storage tank 贮水箱

pipe cutter割管器，切管机

pipe diestock 管子绞板架

die板牙

phosphate film rot-proof steel sheet

磷酸盐薄膜防锈钢板

air-condition tank空调箱

heat-exchange热交换器

rectangular air hose 矩形风管

round air hose圆形风管

2、Terms of Pipe Technician 工业管工术语

hydraulic pressure test 水压试验

air pressure test气压试验

blow out 吹扫

center-line locating找中心线

elevation locating找标高

gradient倾斜度

anticorrosion防腐（刷油漆）

elbow弯头

bend煨弯

put in material下料

pipe diameter 管径

tee三通liquid ammonia氨液，氨水

softening of water软化水

prefabrication预制

fixed joint固定接头

staggered joint错口

drawing for prefabrication 预制图

chain wrench钳子

tube expander胀管器

file锉刀

hand emery wheel手砂轮

flange法兰

valve阀门

screw hole 螺孔

screw bolt螺栓

pipe plug管塞、丝堵

blank flange盲板、盲法兰

expansion bolt伸缩螺栓

clack valve 止回阀

gate valve闸阀

ball valve球阀

glass-tube玻璃管液面计

filling in sand充沙子

ground stove地（下式烘）炉

pipe-bending table煨管台

pipe-bender；pipe-bending machine

弯管机

blower通风机

fixed trestle固定支架

sliding trestle滑动支架

rolling trestle 滚动支架

pipe clip 管夹

hanger frame吊架

spring shackle弹簧支架

seamless steel pipe无缝钢管

plastic tube塑料管

plexiglass pipe有机玻璃管

stainless steel pipe不锈钢管

casing pipe套管

network drawing网络图

medium介质

3.terms of riveter and steel structure

铆工及钢结构术语

lofting放样

set out；setting right

定线，测定；矫正

lay out号料

diagonal对角线

template样板

leak test试漏，漏泻试验

repair修理

standard标准

specifications规范

start working开工

stop work停工

completion竣工

plate steel钢板

steel sections ;steel shapes 型钢

rail钢轨

I-steel工字钢

channel iron槽钢

flat steel扁钢

carbon steel 碳素钢

low-alloy steel低合金钢

manganese steel锰钢

raw steel原钢

hand hammer手锤

sledge hammer大锤

electrical drill电钻

angle square角尺

steel tape钢卷尺

lead线锤

transit经纬仪

level水平仪

ladder梯子

platform平台

convexo-concave degree 凹凸度

perpendicularity垂直(度)

steel roof truss钢屋架

sample punching pin样冲(子)

unfold 展开

steel platform钢平台

compasses for drawing lines划线圆规

hose软管水平仪

ellipse椭圆

line drawing画线

symbol符号

specifications规格

contour line轮廓线

quality质量

section steel straight tener 型钢矫直机

plate shears剪板机

plate rolling machine卷板机

leveling machine矫平机

radial drill旋（摇）臂钻床

vacuum testing真空检验

4、Welder’s Terms焊工术语

welding焊接

cut切割

weld bead焊道

play movement接头间隙

groove angle坡口角度

obtuse angle钝角

butt-weld对接

lap over搭接

lap welding 搭接焊

continuous welding连续焊

spot welding点焊

gap welding间断焊，断续焊接

T-joint T形接头

backstep welding分段退焊（法）

symmetrical对称焊

welding flux焊接溶剂

horizontal(level)seam平缝

vertical(upright)seam立缝

overhead welding仰焊

superwide pass超宽焊道

convex weld焊肉超高（凸焊缝）

hand welding手工焊

automatic welding自动焊

argon arc welding氩弧焊

gas shieded welding气体保护焊

submerged arc welding埋弧焊

carbon-arc air gouging碳弧气刨

chip root of weld铲根；清焊根

remove the coating of electrode除药皮

unfused未熔合

undercut 咬边

gas holes气孔

slag inclusion夹渣

crack裂纹

roentgenoscopy X射线检测（探伤）

ultrasonic inspection 超声

colouration test着色试验

pickling酸洗

intercrystalline corrosion test晶间腐蚀检

electrode holder焊把，焊条钳

welding torch焊矩

cutting torch割矩

acetylene generator乙炔发生器

oxygen cylinder 氧气瓶

argon cylinder氩气瓶

welding electrodes电焊条

welding wire焊丝

plastic welding rod塑料焊条

plastic welding handle塑料焊把

regulating electric current焊接规范

regulating electric current 调整电流

to repair over again返修

test piece试件

welder’s certificate焊工合格证

interflow electric welding machine

交流电焊机

direct current electric welding machine

直流电焊机

argon arc welder 氩弧焊机

versatile (universal) position全位置

macroscopic check 宏观检查

pull test拉力试验

bend test弯曲试验

hardness test硬度试验

lash test冲击试验

5、

Terms about Installing Bench Work

安装钳工术语

deviation偏差

space 间隙

tile cradle瓦管座，瓦托板

bearing轴承

level水平

equipment设备基础

foundation bolt地脚螺栓

wash洗涤；清洗

grind研磨

temperature 温度

direction方向

disintegration解体

installation ; assemble组装（安装）

datum level基准面

coupling联轴节

flat pad iron平垫铁

wedged pad iron斜垫铁

secondary grouting二次灌浆

check up ; examination 检查

draw a line划线

metrical system公制

British system英制

leading压铅

rotative velocity meter 转速表

rotate by hand盘车

machining (processing) precision加工精度

retarding box减速箱

gear wheel齿轮

transmission shaft传动轴

bit钻头

saw blade锯条

wrench扳手，扳钳

clearance gauge塞尺

calliper rule卡尺

calipers卡钳

flat file扁锉

scraper; scratch tool刮刀

screwdriver螺丝刀

triangular file三角锉

semicircular file半圆锉

pliers; hand vice老虎钳

chipper堑子

washer 垫圈

tap丝锥

a table for drawing lines 划线平台

grease黄油

engine oil机油

cleaning洗油，去油，清洗

bench drill台钻

compressor压缩机

air blower鼓风机

electric motor电动机

diesel dynamo柴油发电机

Hosister’s Commonly Used Terms

起重工常用术语

Commanding signal指挥信号

hoisting (and mounting)吊装

Coordination配合

chain jack倒链。；链式起重器

wire rope钢丝绳

hoisting line起重绳

hanger ;hook吊钩

binding绑扎

rolling bar滚杠

trailer拖车

hand cart手推车

radius of gyration回转半径

safety netting安全网

tow牵引

hoisting (lifting) capacity 起重量

safety coefficient安全系数

business accounting核算

consolidate加固

crowbar撬棍

pulley滑轮，滑车

pulley block滑车组

hoisting jack起重千斤顶

sleeper枕木

coir rope棕绳

fastening ring卡环（卡扣）

lifting ring 吊环

steel cable fastener钢丝绳卡子

anchor pile锚桩

fork-lift叉车

safety helmet安全帽

permissible pulling force容许拉力

equipment设备

五、 建筑安装部分单词及术语

1、 Drawings图纸类

the contents of drawings

图纸目录

central heating drawing

（集中供暖）暖气图

ventilation drawing 通风图

electric drawing电气图

air-condition drawing空调图

installation diagram安装图

steel bar drawing钢筋图

construction drawing施工图

perspective drawing透视图

foundation plan基础平面图

piled foundation drawing桩基础图

concrete foundation drawing砼基础图

rubble foundation drawing毛石基础图

reinforced concrete foundation drawing

钢筋砼基础图

general building plan 建筑总平面图

general construction master plan

施工总平面图

prefabricated components drawing

预制（装配式）构件图

drawings of door and windows门窗图

aluminium-alloy door drawing铝合金窗图

steel casement drawing 钢窗图

steel door drawing钢门图

central heating system drawing暖气系统图

water-supply system drawing上水系统图

water-supply plane digram上水平面图

water-supply detail drawing上水大样图

sewer detail drawing下水大样图

sewer system drawing下水系统图

sewer plane diagram下水平面图

ventilation standard drawing通风标准图

ventilation system drawing通风系统图

ventilation plane diagram 通风平面图

ventilation detail drawing通风大样图

air-condition system drawing空调系统图

air-condition plane diagram空调平面图

structural detail drawing结构大样图

structural plane diagram结构平面图

building detail drawing建筑大样图

ornamental detail drawing装饰大样图

electric plane diagram电气平面图

electric system drawing电气系统图

lectric plate sckeme电气盘面图

electric wiring diagram电气接线图

electric principle drawing

电气原理图

distributor structure drawing

配电盘结构图

electrical construction detail drawing

电气施工大样图

roofing structure drawing

屋面结构图

balcony detail drawing

阳台详图

lattice detail drawing

花格详图

magnifying detail drawing

节点大样

roofing drainage schematic diagram

屋面排水示意图

construction survey location drawing

施工测量定位图

2、

Engineering Terms工程术语

Ground Foundation地基基础类

foundation 地基

earth (ground) endurance地耐力

geological prospecting地质钻探

earthquake magnitude地震震级

sand foundation砂基础

pile foundation桩基础

rubble foundation毛石基础

reinforced concrete钢筋砼基础

brick foundation砖基础

deep foundation深基础

shallow foundation浅基础

quick sand流砂

ground beam地梁

foundation beam基础梁

demppoof course 防潮层

footing course呈台底层，基（础）层

raft foundation格床筏式基础

rigid foundation刚性基础

shell foundation壳体基础

plain concrete saddle素土垫座

sand bedding course砂垫层

machine-rolled foundation机械碾压地基

slope of foundation pit基坑边坡

drilling-poured pile钻孔灌注扎

explosion-poured pile爆破灌注桩

steel sheet pile钢板桩

sandy soil砂土

expanded clay 膨胀黏土

chimney烟囱

septic tank化粪池

water cistern贮水池

fresh water vat淡水缸

salt water vat盐水缸

alkaline water vat碱水缸

（1） Earthwork土方工程

foundation excavation基础开挖

foundation pit基坑

fill填方

excavation挖方

rock drilling 凿岩（工作）

earthwork transportation土方运输

foundation drainage地基排水

pumping from pit坑内抽水

(3) scaffold脚手架

steel scaffold钢脚手架

fastener steel pipe scaffold

扣件式钢管脚手架

bolt steel pipe scaffold

螺栓式钢管脚手架

upright stanchion立杆

horizontal pole ; transverse strut横杆

all-round scaffold满堂脚手架

material-putting platform上料平台架

moving platform活动平台架

cornice scaffold挑檐脚手架

hanging scaffolding吊（悬空）脚手架

folding internal scaffold折叠式里脚手架

external scaffold 外脚手架

wooden scaffold board木脚手板

shaped steel scaffold board型钢脚手板

sling tray吊盘

gantry龙门架

derrick井架

work bench工作台

transportation road运输道

protecting railings 护身栏杆

(4) Walling Work彻体工程

axis轴线

hollow空心砖

concrete brick砼砖

concrete hollow brick砼空心砖

stone wall pointing joints石墙勾缝

brick cornice转砌挑檐

brick lintel砖过梁

brick arch砖拱

cavity wall空心墙

filler wall填充墙，柱间墙

thermal-insulating wall保温墙

explosion-proof防爆墙

enclosure围墙

reinforced concrete slab wall钢筋砼板墙

parapet女儿墙

latticed wall花格墙

wall pipe穿墙管

dry wall清水墙，干砌墙

furred wall混水墙

a corner formed by two walls墙角

dado墙裙

cement mortar水泥砂浆

white lime mortar熟石灰砂浆

building block砌块

（5）Woodwork木作工程

squared timber方木材

lumber木材

log元木

plywood胶合板

artificial board人造板

dryness干燥

spring door自由门

wood window木窗

shutter百页窗

sealed window密封窗

wood partition wall木隔断（墙）

wood floor木地板

wooden fitments木装修

wooden formwork木模板

water content含水率

wooden ceiling木吊顶

wooden dado木墙裙

top rail of wood stair 木楼梯栏杆扶手

form work manufacture模板制作

formwork installation模板安装

door frame and window frame门窗框

aperture of door门口（径）

window opening ;aperture of window窗口

stair formwork楼梯模板

girder formwork大梁模板

ends joint端节点

internal door内门

external door外门

gate大门

metal fittings of door and window

门窗小五金

glazed door玻璃门

eaves board风檀板

eaves plate封檐板

sound-absorbing board吸音板

window apron ;window sill窗台板

box of window curtain窗帘盒

eave catch檐垫挑

（6）Steel Bar and Processing 钢筋及加工

the kinds of reinforcing steel 钢筋种类

steel bar joint 钢筋接头

steel bar anchor钢筋锚固

minimum ratio of reinforcement

最小配筋率

carrying bar受力筋

distributing bars 分布钢筋

main bar主钢筋

auxiliary bars辅助钢筋

construction reinforcement构造配筋

longitudinal carrying bar纵向受力钢筋

hoped reinforcement（环状）杂筋

compression steel受压钢筋

tensioned reinforcement受拉钢筋

shear reinforcement抗剪钢筋

turn-resisting steel bar抗扭钢筋

steel bar replacement钢筋代换

get the rust of steel bar off钢筋除锈

steel bar cutting off钢筋切断

bar bending钢筋弯曲

cold drawn bar冷拉（拔）钢筋

steel bar welding钢筋焊接

butt-weld对接焊

lap welding搭接焊

steel bar binding钢筋绑扎

reinforcing fabric钢筋网

reinforcing bar framwork钢筋骨架

prestressed reinforcing bar预应力钢筋

reserved steel bar预留钢筋

girth reinforcement圈梁钢筋

（7）Concrete Engineering钢工程

concrete coordinating proportion砼配合比

addition mixed with concrete砼外搀剂

early-strength admixture焊强剂

water-reducing admixture ; drying agent减水剂

retarder缓凝剂

mixing duration搅拌时间

concrete curing砼养护

concrete transportatio