高考英语阅读理解常考介词及含义.docx

高中英语常考介词及含义
1.of ①的
A friend of mine 我的一个朋友
the population of this town.…这个城镇的人口。
The average age of the women 女性的平均年龄
②属于•••的，之中
Some of his friends他的朋友中的一些
The most famous of all the stars所有明星中最著名的那位
Two of the girls 那些女孩中的两个
2.about ①关于≈on
She knew a lot about food.她知道许多关于食物。
A book about flowers一本关于花卉的书
Tell me all about it.告诉我一切关于它
②大约
It costs about ￥10.它大约花费10元。
They waited for about an hour.他们等了大约一个小时。
3.on ①在••••上
A picture on a wall一幅画在一个墙上
Put it down on the table把它放在桌子上
②（书、讨论或观点）关于≈about
a book on South Africa 一本关于南非的书
4.from ①从
fall from the sky从天上掉下来
jump down from a window从窗口跳下
from the first of October从10月1日起
②(表示来源)来自…
I come from the north.我来自北方。
5.for ① [表示对象、用途等]为,
books for children儿童图书
What can I do for you?我能做什么为你吗?
②[表示时间、距离、数量等]达, 计
The meeting lasted(for) hours. 会议继续达几个小时。
6.with ①同, 与, 和,
talk with a friend与朋友谈话
learn farming with an old peasant跟老农学习种田
fight [quarrel, argue] with sb.跟某人打架[争吵, 辩论]
②随着,
change with the temperature随着温度而变化
increase with years增加逐年
③[表示使用的工具, 手段]用
defend the motherland with one's life保卫祖国用生命
cut meat with a knife割肉用刀
7.as ①介词 作为
I had natural ability as a footballer. 我有天生的能力作为一个足球运动员。
Treat me as a friend.对待我作为一位朋友
②连词conj. 在…期间, 当…时候 ≈when
I was coming in as he was going out.我进来的时候, 当他正出去。
③由于, 因为 ≈because
As you weren't there I left a message.因为你不在那里, 我留了个信儿。
8.when
①[关系副词]什么时
When will he come?他什么时候来?
②conj.当……时候，（时间段）
When the weather is good, I usually go to the country.当天气好的时候, 我总是到乡下去。
③在那时（时间点）， 常用于be about to do ... when,
We were about to leave when the telephone range.我们正要离开那时电话响了。
9.while
①名词 n. 一段时间,
Wait a while.等一会儿。
It took a long while to do the work.它花费一段时间去做这个工作。
②连词conj 在…期间=when
While he was in prison, he wrote his first novel.当他在狱中时，他写出了第一部小说。
③连词conj 然而
The walls are green, while the ceiling is white.墙是绿色的，而天花板是白色的。
④连词conj 虽然，尽管：
While he was poor, he was happy.虽然他穷，但却快乐
10.once
① adv. 一次 once a year一年一次
② adv 曾经; a once powerful nation一个曾经很强盛的国家
③连词 conj 一旦;
Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开了头, 你就应当继续下去
11.since
①(表示时间)从…以来;
I have lived here since January.自从一月份以来, 我一直住在这里。
He had seen her only once since the meeting.自从那次会议以来, 他只见过她一次。
②因为; 由于
Since it is late ，I shall go home now. 由于时间晚了, 我现在要回家了。
12.after
①prep. …后
After supper we went to see a film.晚饭后我们去看了一场电影。
After doing homework , we can watch TV.做完作业后，我们能看电视。
②conj.在…以后
After he goes, we shall eat.他走之后, 我们就吃饭。
13.before
①prep. …前
Before supper we went to see a film.晚饭前我们去看了一场电影。
Before doing homework , we can’t watch TV.做完作业前，我们不能看电视。
②conj.在…前
Before he goes, we shall not eat.他走之前, 我们将不吃饭。
14.up
①adv.向上，起床，起来；
They stood up when he came in.当他进来时, 他们都站起来。
He got up very late.他很晚才起床。
②prep朝…上, 向…上
They climbed up a hill.他们爬上了山。
③prep沿着（上） ≈down沿着（下）≈along沿着
15.dowm
①adv.向下, 在下面
He looked down at her.他低头看着她。
Please sit down.请坐。
②prep 沿，顺≈up沿着（上）≈along沿着
He ran off down the street.他沿着街道跑远了。
③情绪低落的，沮丧的沮丧今天。
I feel a bit down today.我感觉有点
16.along
prep.沿，沿着，顺着，：
Along the river bank there is a hedge.
沿河岸有一排树篱芭。
17.between
prep.在(两者)之间; 处在...之间
between the two cities这两个城市之间
between nine and ten o'clock九点钟和十点钟之间
He is a man between fifty and sixty.他是一个50岁到60岁之间的人。

18.among
prep.(表示位置)处在…中,
He was sitting among a group of children, telling them a story.他正坐在一群孩子中间讲故事。
a village among hills群山环抱的村庄
among the children在孩子们中间
among the trees在树丛中
19.around
①adv.大约≈about
I'll be back at around 5 o'clock.五点左右我就回来。
②prep(表示位置)围绕, 在…周围
They sat around the table.他们围着桌子坐
Let's go around the town, not through it.我们从城外绕过去, 不要穿城而过。
20.against
①prep 介词 反对（计划、政策、制度等）
Are you against it or for it? 你对此事是反对呢还是赞成?
Are you for or against the plan? 你支持还是反对这项计划?
②prep介词 紧靠；倚
She leaned against him... 她紧靠着他。
place the ladder against the wall把梯子靠在墙上

21.out
adv/prep副词/ 介词 （拿）出；（取）出
Open the bag and take the money out.打开提包, 把钱拿出来。
go out of the room从房间走出
Let's go out for a walk.我们出去走走。
22.out of≈from自…离开
A man rushed out of the bank and two men took after him.一名男子冲出银行,另两名男子追了出来。
23.in front of/in the front of
in front of 表示“在.....前面”
in the front of表示三维空间内部的前面。
There is a little garden in front of the classroom.有一个小花园在教室前面。
Blackboard is in the front of classroom.黑板在教室前面。
24.because/because of
because of 和because的意思都是“因为”，区别在前者跟短语，后者跟从句
 They didn’t go to the museum because of the rain. 他们因为下雨没去博物
 They didn’t go to the museum because it rained他们因为下雨没去博物馆。
25.to
①prep.朝...方向; 向; 去
I walked to the office 我步行去办公室
from north to south从北到南
go to school上学
turn to the left向左转弯
②prep [表示对象]于; 对于
be kind to sb.对某人很好
be open to public向公众开放
③为了=in order to（表示目的或意图）
I set out to buy food.我出去去买食物
In order to get to school on time , he got up earlier.为了准时到达学校，他起床很早。
26.at
①prep. 介词 在（某地）
He will be at the airport to meet her... 他将在机场接她
He was not at his office.他不在办公室。
②prep介词 在（某时间或时刻）
The meeting will open at 15：00. 会议在下午三点钟开始。
③介词 在、以（某种价格、速度等）
at twenty five miles per hour以每小时25英里的速度
at ten cents each(价格)10分一个
at the speed /price of 以···速度、价格
You travel at the speed of light? 你用光的速度旅行?
27.into/onto
into 进入...中
go into a room 走进屋里
look into the box 朝箱子里头看
get into trouble 遇到麻烦

onto 到...上
get onto a horse 骑到马上
jump onto the stage 跳到台上
28.through/across
across 是指在表面上掠过，穿过,
walk across the bridge, 走过大桥
fly across the moutain,飞过山
across the road “穿过大街”

through在立体空间中的“穿过”
walk through the forest, “穿过森林”
29.by
①prep. 介词 被 （常置于表示被动的动词后）
He was knocked down by a bus.他被公共汽车撞倒了。
I was frightened by the noise.我被那噪音吓坏了。
②prep介词 (表示位置)在…近旁; 在身边; 靠近
On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。
30. Like/dislike
like/unlike
likely/unlikely
① like vt. 喜欢, 爱好
He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。
I don't like to disturb you.我不想打扰你。
dislike vt.不喜欢, 厌恶
I dislike to go to the cinema alone.我不喜欢一个人去看电影。

② like prep. (性质、性格、外貌、形状)像；如；像…一样：
Tom is like his father in looks. 汤姆的相貌像他父亲。
unlike prep. 与…不同；不像
She's very unlike her mother. 她一点也不像她母亲。
③ likely adj. 可能的
She is not likely to come next month.她下月很可能不来
unlikely adj.不太可能的
It was very unlikely that he would do that.他不见得会做那种事。
He is unlikely to win the race.他似乎不会在赛跑中得胜。
31, According to (表示依据)根据, 按照
Everything went according to plan.一切均按照计划进行。
They divided themselves into three groups according to age. 他们按年龄分成三组。
32.hard、hardly
①hard adj. 硬的
The stone is hard to the touch.这石头很硬。
②hard adj 困难的, 难懂的
The book is so hard that I cannot read it at all.这本书太难了, 我一点儿也读不懂。
③hard adv.努力地
He works hard.他努力工作.
④adv. 几乎不
He hardly works.他几乎不工作.

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