Chinese-culture-中国传统文化介绍.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Insights into Chinese Culture,Lecturer:Wang Jianling,CiCi,Tele:,18389271700,QQ:,736523709,10/27/2014,Insights into Chinese Culture,.,Objectives,D,eepen,our,understanding of Chinese culture;,E,nhance,our,appreciation of Chinese culture;,B,roaden,our,knowledge of cultural heritage in China;,Introducing,Chinese culture,to friends from other counties and t,eaching Chinese culture in,foreign,schools.,.,Teaching Contents,Lecture One:,What Culture Is,Lecture Two:Confucianism,Lecture Three:Taoism,Lecture Four:Buddhism,Lecture Five:,Traditional Chinese Festivals,Lecture Six:,Chinese Arts and Crafts,(,paiting,operas,embroidary,china,martial arts.),Lecture Seven:Chinese Cuisine,Lecture Eight:A story-telling competition,.,Requirements and Evaluation,Presentation accounts for 50 points;,A story telling task accounts for 30 points;,Full attendance accounts for 10 points;,Voluntary and excellent classroom performence adds 20 points to the total score.,.,Reference,Chinese Red Series,Daily Readings of Chinese Culture,The Importance of Living,My country and my people,The Wisdom of Laotse,The Wisdom of Confucius,Lecture One:Understanding Culture,.,The definition fo culture,The word culture is from the,Latin,cultura,stemming from,colere,meaning to cultivate,Agriculture,文的引申意义,论语,子罕所载孔子说“文王既没，文不在兹乎”,为包括语言文字内的各种象征符号，进而具体化为,文物,典籍、礼乐制度。,文化,culture,文治教化、礼乐典章制度的礼节,文的引申意义,原为动词，栽培、种植的含义,一开始就专注于精神领域,更偏向于人类的物质生产活动，后才引申到精神活动领域，其内涵比“文化”更为广阔,文化”是人类创造物质财富和精神财富的总和，而“文明”是文化成果中的精华部分。,与“文明”的含义更为接近,Some notions of culture,culture,civilization,origin,cult,to cultivate,civ-civil,cit-city,content,All human behavior and thoughts,Refinement of thoughts,manner or taste,time,along with human history,a certain stage of social development,Culture is difficult to define in simple terms,because it is too,complex,and,extensive,.It generally refers to patterns of,human activity,and the,symbolic strutures,that give such activities significance and importance.Various definitions of culture reflect differing theories for understanding,or criteria for evaluating human activity.,Definition of Culture,The term was first used by the pioneer English Anthropologist,Edward B.Tylor,in his book,Primitive Culture,published in 1871.Tylor said that culture is,that complex whole which includes knowledge,belief,art,law,morals,custom,and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.,In 1952,Alfred Kroeber and Clye Kluckhohn complied a list of,164,definition of culture in the book of A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions.,More recently,the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization,(UNESCO,)(2002)described culture as follows:,culture should be regarded as the set of distinctive spiritual,material,intellectual and emotional features of society or a group,and that it encompasses,in addtion to art and literature,lifestyles,ways of living together,value systems,traditions and beliefs.,Whats your definition of culture?,(10 Minutes),Task One,Different Definitions:,1.The customary ways in which humans live.,For example;diet,family forms,social organizations,and religions.,2.System of shared,values,beliefs,behaviors,norms,Used to cope with the world and each other,Passed between generations through learning,3.Culture is the complex whole of the knowledge and way of life that shared by,and socially learned in a group of people.,To sum up the above definitions,culture can be described as the collection of,values,beliefs,behaviours,customs,and,attitudes,that distinguish a society or a group of people.,Therefore,Culture is very interesting but difficult to study and can be classified and studied in different levels.,International culture,National culture,Regional culture,Business culture,.,Components of Culture,Matetial components,telephone,shovel,machine,paper money,computer,microwave oven,automobile,and writing paper.,Non-Matetial components,beliefs,values,norms,and symbols.,What four components comprise a culture?,values,beliefs,behaviors,norms,Values are conceptions about how the world and people should be.For example,the American emphasize individual achievement and unique style,whereas the Chinese emphasize the group,form,and discipline.,Beliefs are known as the conceptions that people accept as true about how the world operates and where individuals fit in.,Norms:All societies have guidelines that govern moral standards and even the most routine aspects of life.,A symbol is simply understand as an expression that stands for something else.,Chinese culture is a very important part of the world culture.It has a,history,about 5000 years,featured by its long history,different costoms,as well as values and aesthetics.,Introduction to Chinese culture,China is one of the,Four Ancient Civilizations,of the world(alongside,Babylon,India,and,Egypt),.It has 5000 year history of the development of civilization,and the only one that has lasted for thousands of years,without suspension.,The,Culture of China,is one of the worlds oldest and most complex cultures.The area in which the culture is dominant covers a large geographical region in East Asia and Southeast Asia(so-called,Sinosphere,)with customs and traditions varying greatly between provinces and regions.,中国人首先要读的两本书:,论语和老子,（北京大学哲学系教授张翼星,光明日报,2008-11-10,）,论语,是儒家思想的主要代表作,;,老子,则是道家思想的主要代表作。先秦诸子百家中,儒家和道家是影响最大的两家,而儒家和道家正是中国传统文化的两条主线。,论语,和,老子,在问世以来的二千余年间,对中国的政治、哲学、伦理、教育等方面,无不产生了极其广泛而深远的影响。要继承和弘扬中国的传统文化,首先就要读懂、读通,论语,和,老子,。,中国文化的国际影响,美国哈佛商学院列出十本工商管理硕士必读书，其中有四本来自中国：,论语中庸,道德经孙子兵法,（周忍为、陈荣杰：中国文化导论上海：华东理工大学出版社20053）,孔子提出的“,己所不欲，勿施于人,”，被誉为处理国家间关系的“黄金法则”，镌刻于联合国总部大厅。,What you do not want done to yourself,do not do to others.,What makes up Chinese culture?,Philosophy,Confucius,Lao Zi,Shakyamuni,Confucianism,Taoism,Buddhism,The basic Confucian doctrines are embodied in the following 5 characters:,仁：,义：,礼：,智：,信：,Benevolence,to be humanity,mercy and kindness;,Justness,to be righteousness;,Rituals,custom and law,to be polite;,Wisdom,to be knowledgeable and well educated;,T,rust,to be sincere and credible.,老子,Lao Zi (Lao-Tzu),Lao Zi，meaning Old Master,was considered the author of the earliest Taoist philosophical text,the,Classic of the Way and Virtue,(Daode jing,also known as the Tao Te Ching),along with the Bible,is one of the most widely translated books in the world and continues to exert a profound influence on Chinese culture.Lao Zi is considered the father of Taoism.,Buddhism in China,Buddhism is the most important religion in China.It is generally believed that it was spread to Central China in 67 AD during the Han Dynasty(206 BC-220).,During its development in China,it has a profound influence on traditional Chinese culture and thoughts,and has become one of the most important religions in China.,Journey to The West,Teachings of the Buddha,Life is filled with suffering.,Suffering is caused by peoples wants.,Buddhism promotes code of conduct in life.That is what they call Five Precepts of avoiding killing,stealing,indulging,lying and alcohol drinking.It leads to self-understanding.,King of Monkey,Other Elements of,Chinese Culture,the Great Wall,Qipao,，,the typical Chinese womans dress,was originated from Manchurian womens gown,and has been remolded again and again to meet the modern taste.,食,Chinese food,cuisine,cooking art.,sh,民以食为天,People regard food as their Heave.,or,For the common people food is Heaven.,琴 棋 书 画,Music instrument,Chess,Writing,painting,Other typical Chinese instruments:,Konghou,(Chinese Harp),Xiao and Dizi,Erhu,Pipa,Guzheng,中国象棋,Chinese chess,麻将,mahjong,太极拳,Taiji,“Taijiquan is not a dance,but an internal art for health,combat and spiritual cultivation.“,art and Kungfu,but these Shaolin temple monks,and this old man,may have some real kungfu!,Martial art and Kungfu,You may be familiar with Bruise Lee,or Jacky Chan in Hollywood movies,they are only actors,With paper,brush pen and ink,writing become much more convenient,and different styles of calligraphy have been developed.,画,Chinese painting,and other visual arts.,hu,山水,landscape,Landscapes represent a major category in traditional Chinese painting,mainly depicting the natural scenery of mountains and rivers.,Traditional Chinese,therapy,back cupping,guasha,acupuncture,Spring,F,estival,T,he most important,f,estival of China.,In this,day,people shooting off fireworks and eat,Chinese traditional,Food called dumpling,.,Chinese festivals,This is the picture of Chinese Valentines day,in this day the lovers in China can express love to each other.We hope Jack shall have Jill forever.,This is our traditional festival called The Mid-Autumn,F,estival.In this festival,famil,ies,reunions and eat,m,oon cakes together,bless,ing,god,t,o have a happiness year together.,From so many pictures above,we have seen various aspects of Chinese culture which include:,Traditional Virtues of China,Chinese Folk Arts,Chinese Martial Arts,Chinese food,Traditional Chinese Festivals,Traditional Chinese Literature,Traditional Chinese Medicine,