博士入学常考固定词组(新编排).doc

常考固定词组
黑色：博士考试
红色：英语专业八级
动词短语（按介词顺序排列）：
about
bring about 带来，造成
hang about 闲荡
set about开始
across
cut across走捷径
after
go after追求
look after照顾
take after相象
ahead
go ahead开始
along
get along with进展，相处
go along with随行，赞同
as
act as 扮演;  
aside
lay aside搁置一边
away
break away脱离，逃跑
clear away 扫除
do away with废除
get away离开，逃脱
give away泄露，分送
put away放好，收好
pass away去世
take away消除
back
cut back削减，降低
give back送还
hold back退缩，阻止
keep back阻止
fall back on求助于
l ook back回顾
pay back偿还
set back推迟，延缓
talk back回嘴
by
by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.
abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。
go by.(从…旁)走过,依照,顺便走访
stand by袖手旁观，支持
down
bring down 打倒，挫伤
cut down 减少
die down渐渐消失，平息
get down to开始，着手
keep down控制，镇压
knock down撞到
lay down放下，制定
let down使沮丧
look down on轻视
pull down拆毁
put down 记下，镇压
set down放下，记下
take down记下
turn down关小，拒绝
for
act  for 代理
account for (=give an explanation or reason for)  解释, 说明.
adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)
call for 邀请，要求
go for支持
look for寻找
make for走向
run for竞选
stand for代表
take…for把…看成是
take ….for granted想当然
from
be absent from…. 缺席，不在
keep from使不做
derive from来自
stem from 得自,由来,衍生
forth
bring forth 产生，提出
call forth 唤起，引起
set forth阐明，陈述
forward
bring forward 提出
put forward提出
in
absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注
(be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有
in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之
in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外
break in 闯入，打断
check in 办登记手续
cut in插嘴，打断
get in进入，收集
give in投降
let in 让进入
fall in with符合
show in领入
step in介入
take in吸收，欺骗
turn in交出
于…近，全神贯注:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on
into
break into 闯入
go into进入，研究
look into 调查
run into撞上
talk into说服 talk sb into doing turn into变成
take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

of
accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告

off
back off 让步，退却
break off 断绝，结束
call off 放弃，取消
carry off 夺去
come off 实现，成功
die off相继死去
drop off减弱，减少
get off下车，动身，
give off 释放
go off爆炸，动身
keep off不接近
lay off解雇
let off放（炮，烟火），开枪
pass off中止
pay off还清债务，得益，有
报偿
pull off 脱衣帽等
put off推迟
set off出发，使发生
show off炫耀
take off脱下，起飞
turn off关掉，断开
write off报废，注销
on
act on 奉行,按照…行动; on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.
call on/upon 拜访
carry on继续下去
come on 清，来吧
count on依靠
dwell on凝思
go on继续，发生
hang on继续，稍等
hold on坚持
hold on to紧紧抓住
keep on继续
live on/by靠…生活
look on观看
put on穿上，体重增加
take on呈现，从事
turn on接通
于…近，全神贯注:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on
out
break out突发，爆发
bring out 使出现，公布
burn out 烧掉check out 结帐后离开
carry out 贯彻，执行
come out 出版，
cross out删去，取消
cut out删除
die out 消失，灭绝
drop out 退出
get out of逃避，改掉
give out分发，放出
keep out of躲开，置身之外
knock out击倒，击昏
lay out陈列
leave out遗漏
let out放掉，发出
look out留神
make out看清
pass out昏倒
pick out挑选
pull out拔出，度过难关
put out熄灭，消灭
run out of耗尽
set out陈列，动身
stand out突出
stick out伸出，突出
turn out结果是
over
get over克服
go over检查，复习
look over察看，调查
run over浏览
take over接管
turn over转移，移交
round
come round/around 来访，苏醒
through
break through突破
come through 经历，脱险
get through结束，完成
go through经历，经受
live through度过，经受过
look through仔细察看，浏览
to
access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解
be accustomed to (=be in the habit of,  be used to)习惯于.
adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)       使自己适应于
adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;
cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循
bring to 使恢复知觉
come to 达到，符合
keep to 坚持
persuade sb to do 说服某人做某事
stick to坚持
take to喜欢，亲近
turn to救助于
up
back up 支持
break up终止，结束，打碎
bring up 教育，培养
burn up烧尽
call up 召集
clear up 整理，收拾，澄清
come up with 提出，提供
count up 相加
draw up草拟
dress up打扮漂亮
give up放弃
hang up挂断电话
hold up举起，支持，阻挡
keep up保持
keep up with跟上
live up to做到，不辜负
look up to尊敬
make up 构成
make up for弥补
pay up全部付清
pick up获得，回升，接人
put up建立
put up with容忍
set up建立
show up出现
stand up for维护
step up提高，加快
turn up出现
upon
check upon 校对，检查
with
be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉
go with伴随，协调
take turns轮流
drop by 顺便来访
leave behind留下
in step同步，合拍
step by step逐步
out of step不协调
back and forth 来回，往返
come true 实现，达到
cut short突然停止
get better of占上风，胜过
get together集合
give way to给…让路
in haste急忙
let go放开
fall behind落后
set aside留出
take…as..把…作为
take apart拆卸

27.. 29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for)   …的可能，留有…的余地.
30. in  advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.
31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.
32. have an advantage over 胜过.
have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件
have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事
33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.
34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意
35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致
36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;…………….             ahead of time 提前.
37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体.  2)在谣传中.
38. above all (=especially, most important of all)     尤其是, 最重要的.
39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计
40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;
all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.
41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.
42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.
43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.
44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.
45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for
46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉
47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁.   appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力
48. apply to sb. for sth.  为…向…申请     ;          apply for申请;  apply to 适用.
49. apply to 与…有关;适用
50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准
51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.
52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.  安排…做…
53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;  arrive in 到达某地(大地方);
54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of  sth. done) 以…为羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.
56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结
57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料
59. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果
61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均
62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.
63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面
64. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.
65. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台
66. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
67. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)
68. be based on / upon 基于
69. on the basis of  根据…, 在…基础上
70. beat…at  在…运动项目上打赢
71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)
72. on behalf of (=as the representative of)  以…名义
73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.
74. benefit (from)  受益,得到好处.
75. for the benefit of  为了…的利益(好处)
76. for the better  好转
77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.
78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生
79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人        .             blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上
80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)
81. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机
82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘
83. out of breath 喘不过气来
84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on  business 出差办事.
88. be busy with sth.于某事。   be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last  but  one  倒数第二.
90. but  for (=without)  要不是. 表示假设
91. buy sth. for…money  用多少钱买
92. be capable of  能够, 有能力
be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的
93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万一;
95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一
   in the case of 至于…, 就…而言
96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
97. be cautious of 谨防
98. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上
99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.
100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地\

动词短语(按动词字母顺序排列)：
break away脱离，逃跑
break in 闯入，打断
break into 闯入
break off 断绝，结束
break out突发，爆发
break through突破
break up终止，结束，打碎
bring about 带来，造成
bring down 打倒，挫伤
bring forth 产生，提出
bring forward 提出
bring out 使出现，公布
bring to 使恢复知觉
bring up 教育，培养
burn out 烧掉
burn up烧尽
call for 邀请，要求
call forth 唤起，引起
call off 放弃，取消
call on/upon 拜访
call up 召集
carry off 夺去
carry on继续下去
carry out 贯彻，执行
back and forth 来回，往返
back off 让步，退却
back up 支持
check in 办登记手续
check out 结帐后离开
check upon 校对，检查
clear away 扫除
clear up 整理，收拾，澄清
come off 实现，成功
come on 清，来吧
come out 出版，
come round/around 来访，苏醒
come through 经历，脱险
come to 达到，符合
come true 实现，达到
come up with 提出，提供
cut across走捷径
cut back削减，降低
cut down 减少
cut in插嘴，打断
cut out删除
cut short突然停止
die off相继死去
die down渐渐消失，平息
die out 消失，灭绝
get along with进展，相处
get away离开，逃脱
get down to开始，着手
get in进入，收集
get off下车，动身，
get out of逃避，改掉
get over克服
get better of占上风，胜过
get through结束，完成
get together集合
give away泄露，分送
give back送还
give in投降
give off 释放
give out分发，放出
give up放弃
give way to给…让路
go after追求
go ahead开始
go along with随行，赞同
go by过去
go for支持
go into进入，研究
go off爆炸，动身
go on继续，发生
go over检查，复习
go through经历，经受
go with伴随，协调
hang about 闲荡
hang on继续，稍等
hang up挂断电话
in haste急忙
hold back退缩，阻止
hold on坚持
hold on to紧紧抓住
hold up举起，支持，阻挡
keep back阻止
keep down控制，镇压
keep from使不做
keep off不接近
keep on继续
keep out of躲开，置身之外
keep to 坚持
keep up保持
keep up with跟上
knock down撞到
knock out击倒，击昏
lay aside搁置一边
lay down放下，制定
lay off解雇
lay out陈列
let down使沮丧
let go放开
let in 让进入
let off放（炮，烟火），开枪
let out放掉，发出
live on/by靠…生活
live through度过，经受过
live up to做到，不辜负
fall behind落后
fall back on求助于
fall in with符合
look after照顾
look back回顾
look down on轻视
look for寻找
look into 调查
look on观看
look out留神
look over察看，调查
look through仔细察看，浏览
look up to尊敬
make for走向
make out看清
make up 构成
make up for弥补
pass away去世
pass off中止
pass out昏倒
pay back偿还
pay off还清债务，得益，有报偿
pay up全部付清
pick up获得，回升，接人the sales picked up after a recession
pick out挑选
pull down拆毁
pull off 脱衣帽等
pull out拔出，度过难关 pull out of the economic crisis
put away放好，收好
put down 记下，镇压
put forward提出
put off推迟
put on穿上，体重增加
put out熄灭，消灭
put up建立
put up with容忍
run for竞选
run into撞上
run out of耗尽
run over浏览
set about开始
set aside留出
set back推迟，延缓
set down放下，记下
set forth阐明，陈述
set off出发，使发生
set out陈列，动身
set up建立
show in领入
show off炫耀
show up出现
stand by袖手旁观，支持
stand for代表
stand out突出
stand up for维护
take…as..把…作为
take after相象
take apart拆卸
take away消除
take down记下
take…for把…看成是
take in吸收，欺骗
take off脱下，起飞
take on呈现，从事
take over接管
take to喜欢，亲近
take ….for granted想当然
talk back回嘴
talk into说服 talk sb into doing persuade sb to do
turn down关小，拒绝
turn in交出
turn into变成
turn off关掉，断开
turn on接通
turn out结果是
turn over转移，移交
turn to救助于
turn up出现
take turns轮流
count on依靠
count up 相加
draw up草拟
dress up打扮漂亮
drop by 顺便来访
drop off减弱，减少
drop out 退出
do away with废除
dwell on凝思
cross out删去，取消
derive from来自 stem from
write off报废，注销
leave behind留下
leave out遗漏
in step同步，合拍
step by step逐步
step up提高，加快
out of step不协调
step in介入
stick out伸出，突出
stick to坚持

名词短语：
by accident 偶然 incident event by chance
account for 说明 占I have three reasons accounting for this problem.
on account of 由于
take…into account/consideration 考虑 give serious thought to serious thought has been given to
over the past 10 years, serious thought has been given to environmental protection.
take advantage of 利用
in the air 在流行中，传播中
make allowance for 考虑，顾及
in alliance with与…联盟
at the best 充其量，至多
make the best of充分利用
in bulk大批，散装
in any case 无论如何
in no case 绝不
in case 万一
in chorus 一齐，一致
around/round the clock 昼夜不停
keep company with 与…交往/结伴 accompany companion partner
by comparison 比较起来
in consequence 因此
on the condition that 条件是
in connection with/to 关于
on the contrary 相反
in contrast to 与…相反
out of control 失控
under control在控 bring…under control
at all costs不惜任何代价，无论如何
at the cost of以…代价
on cue恰好在这个时候
take one’s cue from学…样子，听劝告
in danger危险中
out of danger脱离危险
out of date过期 outdated old fashioned in fashion
to date到目前为止
up to date时新的
take delight in喜欢 enjoy
no doubt无疑，必定
off duty下班
on duty当班
bring into effect使生效
in effect 有效，实际上
take effect生效，起作用
in essence 大体，本质上
at all events无论如何
in any event无论如何
in the event of万一
with the exception of除..外 except except for
in excess of超过
in a sense从某种意义上说
make sense有意义
in sequence依次
a series of一系列 serious
by way of经由
give way让步
in a way在某种程度上
in one’s way/in the way妨碍
make/fight one’s way前进
make way开路，让路
catch fire着火
set fire to点燃
be on a diet节食
make a difference 有影响
at work 在工作，忙于
out of work失业 career occupation work job profession
work out解决，算出work out a solution to ….
work up引起，逐渐上升
cast/throw light on/upon使明白，阐明
in the light of按照
in view of鉴于，考虑到
with a view to 目的是
in line排成一行
in line with与一致
line up排队
little by little逐渐
out of order混乱
in order秩序井然
put in order整理
on the verge of接近于
all at once突然 all of sudden
at once立刻
once for all一劳永逸
once more再次
take pains尽力，煞费苦心
in place在适当的位置
out of place不得其所的
in place of代替
in the first place首先
in the last place最后
take place发生
take the place of代替
come to the point说到要点
on the point of即将…的时候
point out指出
to the point切题
bring/put…into practice实施
in practice在实践中
out of practice久不练习，荒疏
by nature天生
in nature本质上
on occasion有时
all the time一直
at a time每次
at no time决不
at one time曾经
from time to time有时
in no time立刻
in time及时，不久
on time准时
once upon a time从前
take one’s time不急不忙
by the same token同样地
keep in touch保持联系
out of touch失去联系
touch on关系到
within one’s reach
out of reach
keep track of跟踪
lose track失去联系
by turns轮流
in turn依次，轮流
by all means必定
by no means决不
by means of借助于
at the moment现在
for a moment一会儿
for the moment暂时
in a moment立刻
more or less或多或少
no more不再
no more than不过，仅仅
at most最多 at least
make the most of充分利用
in honor of为纪念
on one’s honor以名誉担保

介词：
apart from 除去..外
aside from除去..外
on behalf of 代表
Ladies and Gentlemen,
On behalf of our school, I would like to extend my sincere/warm welcome to you.
to and fro来来回回
in general通常
on guard警惕
in half一半
at intervals不时
in itself本身
at large一般
at least至少
in the least一点，丝毫 not…in the least
at length最后，详细地
at leisure从容，有空
before long不久 long before 很久以前