专业英语期末考试复习.doc

专业英语考试
词组互译
1．海关Customs house
2．收货人consignee
3. quarantine 检疫
4. 承兑银行 accepting bank
5．装运通知 shipping advice / advice of shipment
6．Ad valorem freight 从价运费
7．信用证申请人 applicant for the credit
8．汇票 bill of exchange
9. bill drawn payable at sight 见票即付的汇票
10．提单 bill of lading
11．散装货 cargo in bulk
12．货物运输保险 freight insurance
13．Cash on delivery 货到付现
14. 原产地证书 certificate of origin
15. chargeable weight 计费重量
16．Commodity code 商品编码
17． 还盘 counter-offer
18. 提单
19．商业发票 commercial invoice
20．结关 customs clearance
21．出口许可证 export license
22. 检验证书 inspection certificate
23. 保险单 insurance policy
24．信用证（简称和全称）Letter of Credit L/C
25. 收货人 consignee
26． 集装箱 container
27． Installment 安装；分期付款；部分；就职
28. customary packing 习惯包装
29． 关税 tariff
30．Customs house 海关
31．Customs valuation 海关估值
32. 交货日期 delivery date/date of delivery
33. 品名description
34．信用证（简称和全称）
35． Declaration to customs向海关申报
36. documents against payment after sight远期付款交单
37．缴纳税款 collection of duty
38.查验inspection
39．Export control出口管制
40. 出口许可证
41．托收 collection
42． Drawee付款人/受票人
43. Consignment托运的货物
44. 货仓 warehouse
45．d.w.t dead weight tonnage 【造船】载重吨位
46. 不定期租船tramp transport
47．Chargeable weight
48. bill drawn payable at sight
48．Export-processing free zone出口贸易自由贸易区
49．D/A（写出全称和中文） 承兑交单documents against acceptance
50． 补贴 subsidy
51. 出口商 exporter
52. 运费 freight charges
53．共同海损 General Average
54. 毛重 gross weight
55．保证金 deposit
56. 规格 specification
57.集装箱
58．Drawback缺点，不利条件；退税
58.关税
59.尺码 size/measures
60．净重 net weight
61.装箱单 packing list
62．分批装运 partial shipment
63.卸货港 port of discharge
64．Formalities手续
65.放行 release
66．数量 quantity
67．LCL (全英文和中文) less than container load拼箱货
67．S/O (全英和中文) shipping order 装货单
68．N/N（全英和中文）non--negotiable , not negotiable 非流通的，不可转让的
69.清关 customs clearance
70.出口结汇 export clearance
71.G.A.(英文全称和中文) 共同海损（General Average）
72.占用 occupy
73.手续formalities
74.D/P（全英和中文）付款交单（Document against Payment）
75.T/T 电汇（Telegraphic Transfer）[,teli'ɡræfik]
76.平安险 Free of Particular [pə'tikjulə] Average (F.P.A.)
77.W.P.A（全英和中文）With Particular Average 水渍险
78.一切险 All Risks
79. General additional risk一般附加险
80.FCL(全英和中文) full container 整箱货

句子翻译复习
1. P26-204 Customs and Excise pulls together a host of anti-drugs initiatives set up to:
Help young people resist drug misuse and achieve their full potential; Protect their communities from drug related anti-social and criminal behavior;
Enable people with drug problems to overcome them and live healthy and crime-free lives;
Stifle the availability of illegal drugs on streets.
海关与税务战略实施了一系列反毒品举措目的在于：帮助青少年抵制滥用毒品和充分实现其潜力；保护社区远离与毒品有关的反社会和犯罪行为；帮助吸毒人员戒毒，使他们过上健康的无犯罪的生活；严禁街道非法药物供应。
2.P9-200 During the course of the examination Customs must check that the shipping marks，number of package，weight，specifications of the cargo，and trading country correspond with those on the licenses；that the cargo accords with relevant regulations on foreign trade；that there is no damage to or loss of cargo；that the quality and packing of exported goods are up to requirement.
在审查期间，海关必须检查运输标志，包装数量，重量，规格的货物，和贸易国与对应的许可证；是货物符合有关规定，对外贸易；没有任何损坏或损失的货物；在质量和包装出口商品均达到要求。
3．P13-201 Tariff rates on imports fall into two categories： general rates and preferential rates. The general rates apply to goods imported from and produced or manufactured in countries or regions with which the P.R. China has concluded no agreement for reciprocal tariff preference; the preferential rates apply to goods imported from and produced or manufactured in countries or regions with which China has conclude such agreement.
进口关税税率分为两种：普通税率和优惠税率。普通税率适用于从未同中华人民共和国签订互惠关税协定的国家和地区进口的该国或地区生产的货物，而优惠税率适用于从同中华人民共和国签订互惠关税协定的国家和地区进口的该国或地区生产的货物。
4．P14-201Duty reduction or exemption may be granted for certain import and export goods such as goods of specific areas, specific enterprises or for specific purposes. Temporary duty reduction or exemption may be granted to goods imported by special permission after the importer or exporter of the goods submits to the Customs an amount equal to the duties or provides a security.
某些进出口货物可享受税费减免，如对特定地区、特定企业或者有特定用途的商品给予的减免税。对于经海关批准的临时进出口商品、进出口商向海关提交了与应纳税款相等的金额或提供了担保的经特殊批准而进口的保税货物，可给予临时关税减免。

5．P23-203If a company is planning to install a new plant, it can avoid paying import duty on each of the separate shipments of machinery and components for the plant by placing the individual deliveries in a bonded warehouse. The various lots may be cleared from the bonded warehouse and duty paid on them when the company is in a position to begin erecting the entire plant.
如果一家公司正计划建一家新工厂，通过将每次运抵货物放入保税仓库这种方式，就可避免对每批用于工厂建设的机械及设备部件单独缴纳进口关税。如此，当公司有能力建起整个工厂时，各批货物交纳海关税后从保税仓库清关提货。
6．P31-206It was recognized that such a new classification system would produce a number of major advantages such as:
（1） Reducing the cost of describing, classifying and coding goods for different purposes within any one international trade transaction;
（2） Facilitating the collection, comparison and analysis of international trade statistics, for the purpose of trade negotiations, economic analysis or other reasons。
业界普遍认为，这种新的分类制度具有诸多好处：降低每单国际贸易交易中针对不同目的而进行的货物描述、分类及编码之成本；方便国际贸易统计中的数据收集、对比和分析，以便用于贸易谈判、经济分析或其他领域。

7.P60-207 This is an indispensable procedure in business transactions. It generally includes the four procedures discussed like inquiry, offer, counter-offer and acceptance. When an agreement is reached, the two sides sign a business contract.
在商业交易中，这是一道不可缺少的程序，通常包括4个步骤：询盘、报盘、还盘、和接受。协议达成后，交易双方即签订买卖合同。

8．P83-212It is to guard against such possibility that different methods of payment have been developed. There are three basic methods of payment in foreign trade:
·Cash in Advance ·Open Account ·Payment against Documents
为应对以上提到的这些风险，在国际贸易中，人们设计了若干不同的付款方式，主要有以下三种。
预付现款、记账贸易、凭单付款
9. P60-207After receiving the L/C, the exporter must check the L/C against the sales contract. Special attention should be paid to the total sum, description of the goods, validity, required documents and so on. Only when all the terms in the L/C are consistent with the terms of the sales contract can the exporter proceed to ship the goods. 一收到信用证，出口商需根据销售合同审核信用证，尤其需要注意总金额、货物描述、有效期以及所需要单据等。只有在信用证上的全部条款与销售合同条款完全吻合时，出口商才开始装运货物。

介词复习
1．P11 In accordance with laws and regulations，Customs supervision and control shall be exercised over import goods at the time of arrival to the time of Customs clearance; export goods at the time of Customs declaration to the time of exit; transit, transshipment and through goods at the time of entry to the time of exit. Without Customs permission, it is not allowed to unpack, withdraw, deliver, pack, change, repack, mortgage, transfer or re-label the goods. A consignee of the imports or a consignor of the exports shall make a bona fide declaration, receive Customs inspection on the goods, except those specially permitted by the Customs. Import of export goods shall not be released unless duties chargeable have been paid or a guarantee provided by the consignee or consignor.

All transit, transshipment and through goods shall be bona fide declared to the Customs office of entry by the responsible person and shipped through the Customs territory within prescribed time limit.
2．P33The Customs have made public the “List of Articles prohibited __ from ___ Import and Export”, which provides _for ____ the categories _of_ ___ articles prohibited to be carried _into ___ or _ out ___ the territory _of_ ___ passengers. The prohibited inward and outward articles which have declared __by ___ the passengers are to be detained __by ___ the Customs, and they must be returned __by___ the places __to___ departure __of___ a time limit. If not, they would be confiscated __within___ the Customs. The articles detained __by_for__ being detrimental to China’s politics, economy, culture and morality will not be returned. Passengers who are carrying the articles falling _into____ the categories prohibited __from___ import and export and are evading Customs’ supervision and control will assume legal or disciplinary responsibilities.