裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第16课.doc

Lesson 16 A Polite Request彬彬有礼的要求 What was the polite request? If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder. If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!参考译文一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警很快就会发现。如果他没给你罚单就放你走了，算你走运。然而，情况并不都是这样，交通警有时也很客气。有一次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样一个字条：“先生，欢迎您光临我们的城市。此处是禁止停车区。如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。谨此提请注意。”如果你收到这样的恳求，你是不会不遵照执行的！【New words and expressions】（9）1 park p:k v.停放(汽车)2 traffic trfik n.交通3 ticket tikit n.交通法规罚款单4 note nut n.便条5 area eri n.地点6 sign sain n.指示牌7 reminder rimaind n.指示8 fail feil v.无视，忘记9 obey bei v.服从一、单词讲解park1) n. 公园 (public garden)the Central Park （纽约的）中央公园2) v. 停车 stop and leave (a vehicle) in a place for a timeeg. You cant park in this street. 你不能在这条街上停车。parking lot (Am) 停车场car park (Br) 停车场eg. No parking! 禁止停车！eg. No smoking! 禁止抽烟！eg. No spitting! 禁止吐痰！traffic U (vehicles moving along a road or street) 往来于街道的车辆heavy traffic 往来车辆很多light traffic 往来车辆不多名词修饰名词a traffic accident 交通事故traffic regulations 交通法规a traffic policeman 交通警察traffic jam 交通堵塞or: heavy traffic交通堵塞ticket1) C 票（机票，车票，电影或入场券）eg. Do you want a single or a return/round ticket? 你想要单程票还是往返票？eg. Ive got two tickets for the World Cup Final. 我有两张世界杯决赛的票。2) C （交通违章）罚款单get a parking ticket 收到违章停车罚款单a speeding ticket 超速驾驶罚款单note1) C 笔记，摘记（通常用pl.） (short written record to aid the memory)make notesor: take notes 做笔记eg. He never forgets to make notes for his speech. 他从不忘记在做演讲前拟好讲稿。eg. Students are busy taking notes in class. 学生们在课上忙着做笔记。a note-book 笔记本，记事本eg. You will take a lot of notes on your note-books. 你将在笔记本上做许多笔记。2) (short letter) 短信，便笺，便条a note of thanks 感谢信leave sb a note 给留个便条leave sb a message 给留个口信note paper 便条纸a diplomatic ,diplmtik note 外交照会3) (paper money) 纸币bill纸币(U.S.)coin 硬币eg. Do you want the money in notes or in coins? 这钱你是要纸币还是要硬币呢？paper money/paper currency 纸币英美的主要硬币Am统称Br1 cent 1分penny 便士2 pence 2便士5 cents 5分nickel五分镍币5 pence 5便士10 cents 10分dime 10分铸币10 pence 10便士25 cents 25分quarter 25分的硬币25 pence 25便士50 cents 50分half dollar50 pence 50便士1 dollar 1 美元通常用纸币1 pound 1英镑关于coin 的短语toss a coin 掷钱币heads or tails 正面还是反面coin the money （口）赚大钱，发横财pay a person (back) in his own coin 以其人之道还治其人之身an eye for eye and a tooth for tooth 以眼还眼，以牙还牙4) 音符whole 全音符half 二分音符quarter 四分音符eighth 八分音符与note相关的短语make notes ofor: take notes of 做笔记compare notes 交换意见，互道感想area n.地区，地域，地段a desert area 沙漠地区a residential ,rezidenl area 住宅区area code （美）电话的区域号码zip code （美）邮递区号/ postcode （英）district1) 地域，地区the lake District （英国北部的）湖区2) 行政地区（以行政、司法、教育为目的划分的）Xuan Wu District, Beijing, China 中国北京宣武区an election district 一个选区3) 特区Washington D. C. 华盛顿特区(District of Columbia) （哥伦比亚特区）Shenzhen District 深圳特区region 地区，地带a forest region 森林地带an industrial region 工业地区the Great Lakes region 大湖区tropical regions 热带地区sign1) n. 记号，符号：，2) 牌子，指示牌traffic signs 交通指示牌street signs 街道指示牌a shop-sign 商店招牌a pub-sign 酒馆招牌3) n. 手势语，手语（如聋哑人用的）body language 肢体语言4) . v. (write ones name on a document, etc) 签名eg. Sign your name here, please. 请在这签上你的名字。5) v. 做手势通知sign off 广播、电视结束当天的播送sign on 广播、电视开始当天的播送reminder n. 提示remind1) v. 提示remind sb of sth 提醒某人注意某事或做某事(inform sb of a fact or tell sb to do sth he may have forgotten)eg. Remind me to answer that letter. 提醒我回那封信。eg. Do I have to remind you again? 我还需要再提醒你吗？2) 令人回想起某事remind sb of sb/sth 使人回想起了某人/某事eg. This song reminds me of my old lover. 这首歌使我想起了我的旧情人。reminder n. 提示send/give sb a gentle reminder to pay the bill 婉言提醒某人付账eg. The waiters were cleaning the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.服务员们在清理桌子，也就是提醒客人该走了。fail v. 失败反义：succeedfail in sth (be unsuccessful in sth) 在方面失败fail to do sth 不能，没有做到eg. I passed (in) mathematics but failed in French. 我的数学及格但法语没及格。eg. She failed to reach the final. 她没能进入决赛。eg. He never fails to write to his girlfriend every week. 他从没忘记给他女朋友写信。eg. If you receive a reminder like this, you cannot fail to obey it.要是你收到这样的提示的话，你不会不服从的。obey v. 服从， 顺从，执行 (to do what is told or obliged to do; carry out a command)eg. Soldiers are trained to obey without questions. 训练士兵要绝对服从命令。obey without questions 绝对服从命令(no how, why, what)obey rules 遵守规章制度obey orders 服从命令or: obey commandsobey the law 遵守法律反义：disobeybreak.violate valetgo against二、关键句型Key StructuresIf引导的条件句：条件句主要用来询问或者谈论将来可了能的事情，主句中是将来时。条件句中，将来时通常用现在时表面示，即：主将从现例: If he is out, Ill call tomorrow .如果他不在，我明天再打电话。You ll miss the train if you don t hurry.如果你不抓紧，你会错过火车的。If he s working, I wont disturb him.如果他在工作，我就不打扰了。If I have time, Ill be writing to him tomorrow.要是我有时间，我明天就给他写信。有时主句主语可以省略：（祈使句）工f you make a mistake，correct it. 如果你犯了错，改正它。If you dont like the food, don t eat it.不喜欢吃的话，就不要吃了。练习A:用括号中动词的正确时态填空l. If it _ (rain), I shall take an umbrella with me.答案： rains2. If he _ (be) here before IO, I shall see him.答案：is3. If he plays well, he _ (get) into the team.答案：will get4. You will never _ (pass) this test if you don t work hard.答案：pass练习B用正确时态填空A mother received a letter from his eight-year-old daughter. Here is part of it: If I _(listen) to the radio, don t tell me to my homework, If I_(do) something wrong, _(not shout) at me. If the house _(be) untidy, _(not blame)me. If you _ (want) me to do something, _(not forget)to say please. If I_(play) a nice game, _(not send)me to bed. If I_(ask) for something, don t always say No. If it _(be) cold, _ (not put) the cat out. Don t say don t so often答案：am listening , do , is, don t blame, want, don t forget, am playing, dont send, ask, is ,dont put三、课文讲解TextIf you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.police 集合名词，警察群体，谓语动词用复数a policeman 一名警察a traffic policeman 一名交通警察peoplecattle都是集合名词，通常以复数形式出现cop （俚）警察bobby （Br.口）警察luckyunluckyluck n.幸运let 使役性动词let sb domake sb dohave sb dolet alone 更不用说eg. He cant (even) ride a bicycle, let alone a motorbike.他甚至不会骑自行车，更不用说骑摩托。eg. Let me be! 别理我！eg. Let me see. / Lets see 让我想一想。without prep. 没有without sthwithout doing sthwithout a ticket 没有开罚单eg. You cant leave the country without a passport. 你没有护照，不能离开这个国家。three nights without sleep 三个晚上没有睡觉eg. There is no smoke without fire. 没有火就没有烟/ 无风不起浪。eg. I cant live without you. 没有你我就活不下去。eg. I feel very lonely without my dog. 没有我的狗我就感到很孤独。eg. You cant go without paying the bill. 你没有付账不能走。eg. One cannot think of Egypt without thinking of the Nile. 人们一想到埃及就想到尼罗河。However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. however: 转折副词，作插入语，用逗号与其它成分隔开but 并列连词eg. Tom was not there, but his brother was.eg. However, this does not always happen. 但是情况并不总是这样。Sometimes 有时候（常与一般现在时搭配）some times 几次，几倍sometime 表示过去或将来的某个时间some time 一段时间During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder. If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!Sweden swi:dn n.瑞典Switzerland swtslnd n.瑞士Swedish swi:d adj.瑞典的Swede swi:d n.瑞典人Swiss sws adj.(人)来自瑞士的；瑞士的;瑞士文化的 n.瑞士人eg. I miss my Smiss Miss and my Smiss Miss misses me.Youll enjoy your stay here./ Youll enjoy yourself here./Youll have a good time here.pay attention to 注意eg. Please pay attention to the blackboard.care 在乎eg. I dont care if he breaks his neck.take care ofor: look after 照顾，照料eg. Dont worry about the garden. Ill take care of it while you are on holiday.eg. Dont worry about the garden. Ill look after it while you are on holiday.care for 喜欢eg. Do you care for baseball? 你喜欢棒球吗？eg. I dont care less. 我一点都不在乎，reminder n. 提示remindeg. I reminded him to post my letter. 我提醒他去寄我的信。eg. I remembered to post your letter. 我记得去寄你的信。eg. Remember me to your mother. 代我问候你母亲。eg. I remember posting your letter. 我记得寄过你的信。remember to do sth 记得去做某事remember doing sth 记得做过某事like prep. 像一样eg. I dont like boys like Johnson. 我不喜欢像约翰逊那样的孩子。eg. Dont talk to your mother like that.eg. Dont talk to your mother like this.英语中的第二人称you是泛指，有“任何人”之意：eg. You must be able to obey it. 任何人都必须遵守它。or: One must be able to obey it.eg. You are not allowed to smoke here! 此地不许抽烟！eg. You must never tell lies. 千万不能说谎。Special DifficultiesExercises:用适当的词填空1) You can only learn if you ( look after/ pay attention ). 2) Dont forget to ( remind / remember) me about it tomorrow.3) The police ( is knocking/ are knocking) at the door.4) Our neighbours will ( pay attention to/ look after ) our house when we are away.5) (Remind me/Remember me ) to your wife. 四、练习Exercises1. This is a . No Parking area. Cars arent allowed in this_.A. district B. country C. surrounding D. kingdom分析：A地区、行政区；B国家、乡村；c周围环境；D王国。答案是A2. You will enjoy your stay. It will _ you.A. amuse B. enjoy C. laugh D. please分析：A使快乐、使娱乐、使消遣意思不准确；B享受。o。快乐，喜爱；它的主语通常是人。sb enjoys sth某人喜欢某事物，不能以it作主语；C嘲笑，含义错误；D使高兴，使喜欢；sth please sb某事物使某人高兴答案是D3. This note is only a reminder. It will help_.A. you remind B. your souvenir C. your remembrance D. you to remember分析：A帮助你提醒；B你的纪念品；D他会帮助你记得；C你的记忆你的回忆。答案为D4. Because she had not lessoned to the lecture carefully last night, she _ in the examination this morning.A. failed B. felt C. defeated D. lost因为她昨晚没有认真听讲座，所以今天早上考试她不及格分析：A表示失败、考试不及格；B felt为feel的过去分词、感觉、认为；表示战胜、打败、以人为宾语；D表示输掉；答案为A六、补充内容量词a proportion of 一部分；一份例: A small proportion of the people were not in favor of him. 一小部分人不赞成他。